RESUMO
The study focuses on induction of autoantibodies directed against neurotransmitter norepinephrine during neuropathic pain syndrome and on the effect of immunization with norepinephrine-protein conjugated antigen on the development of this syndrome. The formation of anti-norepinephrine antibodies aggravated and prolonged neuropathic pain.
Assuntos
Autoanticorpos/sangue , Imunoconjugados/administração & dosagem , Neuralgia/imunologia , Norepinefrina/administração & dosagem , Traumatismos dos Nervos Periféricos/imunologia , Animais , Autoanticorpos/biossíntese , Nervo Femoral/lesões , Nervo Femoral/fisiopatologia , Adjuvante de Freund/administração & dosagem , Injeções Subcutâneas , Masculino , Neuralgia/etiologia , Neuralgia/fisiopatologia , Norepinefrina/química , Norepinefrina/imunologia , Traumatismos dos Nervos Periféricos/complicações , Traumatismos dos Nervos Periféricos/patologia , Traumatismos dos Nervos Periféricos/fisiopatologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Nervo Isquiático/lesões , Nervo Isquiático/fisiopatologia , Soroalbumina Bovina/administração & dosagem , Soroalbumina Bovina/química , Soroalbumina Bovina/imunologia , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
The analgesic effects of inert gas xenon were examined on rats. The formalin model of inflammatory pain, tail-flick test, and hot-plate test revealed the antinociceptive effects of subanesthetizing doses of inhalation anesthetic xenon. Inhalation of 50/50 xenon/oxygen mixture moderated the nociceptive responses during acute and tonic phases of inflammatory pain.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/farmacologia , Nociceptividade/efeitos dos fármacos , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Xenônio/farmacologia , Administração por Inalação , Animais , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Formaldeído , Temperatura Alta , Inflamação , Masculino , Nociceptividade/fisiologia , Oxigênio/farmacologia , Dor/induzido quimicamente , Dor/fisiopatologia , Medição da Dor , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
It was shown that cannabinoids anandamide, HU210 and WIN 55,212-2 inhibit both spontaneous episodes of pain and mechanical allodynia in rats with central pain syndrome caused by disturbance of inhibitory processes in the dorsal horns of lumbar spinal cord. The analgesic effect is most pronounced in the intrathecal route of administration. The intensity of analgesic actions of cannabinoids on the central pain syndrome in rats, depending on the drug is as follows: HU210 > WIN 55,212-2 > anandamide.
Assuntos
Analgésicos não Narcóticos/farmacologia , Dor nas Costas/tratamento farmacológico , Dor nas Costas/fisiopatologia , Canabinoides/farmacologia , Medula Espinal/fisiopatologia , Animais , Dor nas Costas/patologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Hiperalgesia/tratamento farmacológico , Hiperalgesia/patologia , Hiperalgesia/fisiopatologia , Região Lombossacral/patologia , Região Lombossacral/fisiopatologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Medula Espinal/patologiaRESUMO
We studied the effect of cannabinoid receptor agonists anandamide and WIN 55,212-2 on the central pain syndrome induced by intraspinal injection of penicillin sodium salt in rats. Cannabinoids suppressed allodynia and spontaneous attacks in rats with the central pain syndrome. The analgesic effect was most pronounced after intrathecal injection of cannabinoid receptor agonist in a dose of 100 microg in 10 microl. After systemic treatment the analgesic effect was produced by only WIN 55,212-2 in a dose of 1 mg/kg. WIN 55,212-2 was superior to anandamide by the duration and intensity of the effect on allodynia and spontaneous attacks.
Assuntos
Ácidos Araquidônicos/metabolismo , Agonistas de Receptores de Canabinoides , Morfolinas/metabolismo , Naftalenos/metabolismo , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Dor/metabolismo , Alcamidas Poli-Insaturadas/metabolismo , Análise de Variância , Animais , Ácidos Araquidônicos/uso terapêutico , Benzoxazinas , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Endocanabinoides , Injeções Espinhais , Masculino , Morfolinas/uso terapêutico , Naftalenos/uso terapêutico , Dor/induzido quimicamente , Medição da Dor , Penicilina V/administração & dosagem , Penicilina V/toxicidade , Alcamidas Poli-Insaturadas/uso terapêutico , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Electrophysiological and behavioral studies showed that spinal 5-HT3 receptors are involved in the regulation of pain sensitivity in rats. Intrathecal administration of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist tropine (200 microg) produced allodynia, reduced the threshold, decreased the latency, and increased the number of spikes in the late component of the nociceptive flexion reflex. Intrathecal administration of 5-HT3 receptor agonist quipazine (200 mg) abolished nociceptive flexion reflex and alleviated spinal pain syndrome produced by impairment of GABAergic inhibition in the lumbar spinal segments. Our results indicate that spinal 5-HT3 receptors are involved in the modulation of pain sensitivity: activation of these receptors inhibits nociceptive reactions, while blockade of 5-HT3 receptors potentiates the nociceptive response via modulation of excitability of GABAergic interneurons.
Assuntos
Dor/metabolismo , Receptores 5-HT3 de Serotonina/metabolismo , Animais , Estimulação Elétrica , Vértebras Lombares , Masculino , Medição da Dor , Quipazina/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Reflexo , Agonistas do Receptor de Serotonina/metabolismo , Medula Espinal/citologia , Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Nervo Sural/metabolismo , Tropanos/administração & dosagem , Tropanos/metabolismoRESUMO
The scientific review is devoted to an analysis of neuro-immune aspects of the pathological pain and to the role of disregulation between the central nervous system (CNS) and the immune system in triggering the mechanisms of such pain. The importance of anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukins, and tumor necrosis factor) as well as of autoantibodies to neuro-mediators in the pathogenesis of different forms of hyperalgetic conditions is evaluated. New data are discussed, which are related with the possibility of modulating the antibodies to neuro-transmitters (serotonin and catecholamines) of experimental neuropathic pain syndromes.
Assuntos
Dor/imunologia , Humanos , Mediadores da Inflamação/imunologiaRESUMO
The effect of antiserotonin antibodies on basal electrocorticogram was studied in electrophysiological experiments on rats. Intracortical injection of 10 microg antiserotonin antibodies into the sensorimotor cortex induced epileptiform activity in this area. It is assumed that antiserotonin antibodies modulate activity of cortical neurons due to both binding serotonin molecules and interaction with serotonin receptors.
Assuntos
Anticorpos/metabolismo , Córtex Motor/metabolismo , Serotonina/imunologia , Serotonina/fisiologia , Animais , Eletrofisiologia , Masculino , Neurônios/metabolismo , Ligação Proteica , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Dopaminergic brain system plays an important role in regulation of pain sensitivity. However, the data on participation of antidopamine antibodies in the development of neurogenic pain are absent. This work was aimed at the study of the role of antidopamine antibodies in the development of pain syndrome induced by the injury of nn. ischiadic and saphenous in rats. It was shown that after the nerve injury, the behavioral reaction such as autotomy (self-injury) appeared as a feature of the experimental neuropathic pain syndrome. It was originally established that the development of neuropathic pain syndrome induced by the injury of peripheral nerves was accompanied by induction of dopamine autoantibodies. It was also shown that immunization of the animals with conjugated dopamine-protein autigen resulted in aninerease of autidopamine antibody level and an amplification of the experimental neuropathic pain syndrome, i.e., decrease in the latency of the first autotomy, increase in expression of autotomies, and increase in the number of animals with late autotomies.
Assuntos
Autoanticorpos/sangue , Dopamina/imunologia , Dor/imunologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/imunologia , Animais , Denervação , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Nervo Isquiático , Albumina Sérica/imunologia , Pele/inervação , Síndrome , VacinaçãoAssuntos
Córtex Motor/fisiopatologia , Dor/fisiopatologia , Córtex Somatossensorial/fisiopatologia , Medula Espinal/fisiopatologia , Animais , Convulsivantes/toxicidade , Estimulação Elétrica , Potenciais Evocados , Masculino , Dor/induzido quimicamente , Penicilinas/toxicidade , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Medula Espinal/efeitos dos fármacos , SíndromeRESUMO
Serotoninergic and catecholaminergic neurotransmitter systems of the brain play an important role in the regulation of pain sensitivity. However, there are no data on the involvement of antibodies to the above neurotransmitters is the development of neuropathic pain syndromes. The authors' studies indicated that the development of neuropathic pain syndrome occurring after nerve damage is followed by the formation of serotonin antibodies and their enhanced induction caused by immunization of animals with serotonin-protein conjugated antigen aggravates the pain syndrome. Block and insufficiency of the serotoninergic antinociceptive system may be a cause of the progression of the pain syndrome due to serotonin antibodies.
Assuntos
Autoanticorpos/sangue , Dor/etiologia , Serotonina/imunologia , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Imunização/métodos , Masculino , Dor/imunologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Nervo Isquiático/lesões , Síndrome , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The effect of hydrocortisone on the neurogenic pain syndrome induced by damage to the peripheral nerves was studied in 40 male Wistar rats. Intraperitoneal administration of 10 mg/kg of the drug caused both hyperalgesia and hypoalgesia. The direction of the hydrocortisone effect on the neurogenic pain syndrome depended on the time of administration: chronic administration before the damage to the nerves promoted the development and intensity of the syndrome; treatment applied after the nerve damage delayed the development of the syndrome. It is suggested that the mechanism of the hydrocortisone effect on the neurogenic pain syndrome may be realized via the central link through the effect of the hormone on the glucocorticoid receptors of the brain structures.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Hidrocortisona/uso terapêutico , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Traumatismos dos Nervos Periféricos , Nervo Isquiático/lesões , Animais , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Masculino , Dor/etiologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Tempo de Reação/efeitos dos fármacos , Síndrome , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Anticorpos/uso terapêutico , Dopamina/imunologia , Imunização Passiva , Dependência de Morfina/terapia , Serotonina/imunologia , Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Naloxona/uso terapêutico , Antagonistas de Entorpecentes/uso terapêutico , Síndrome de Abstinência a Substâncias/prevenção & controleAssuntos
Anticorpos/farmacologia , Dopamina/imunologia , Norepinefrina/imunologia , Limiar da Dor/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Anticorpos/administração & dosagem , Anticorpos/isolamento & purificação , Injeções Intraventriculares , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Limiar da Dor/fisiologia , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
The cortical effects were studied in rats with abnormal pain. The spinal pain syndrome was induced by a generator of abnormally enhanced excitation in spinal dorsal cord. Hyperactivation of the somatosensory cortex was caused with penicillin. Cortical hyperactivation was shown to lead to the suppression of the pain syndrome.
Assuntos
Dor/fisiopatologia , Córtex Somatossensorial/fisiopatologia , Medula Espinal/fisiopatologia , Animais , Masculino , Penicilinas/farmacologia , Ratos , Córtex Somatossensorial/efeitos dos fármacos , SíndromeRESUMO
The effect of antibodies to catecholamine and serotonin on the thermal pain sensitivity and tolerance to morphine was studied in rats immunized by protein-conjugated neurotransmitters before chronic drug intoxication. The antibodies to catecholamine have been found to affect bifunctionally on the nociception bifunctionally: either accelerating or delaying the pain reaction to thermal irritation. The antibodies to serotonin were ineffective as modulators both of the pain sensitivity and tolerance to morphine development. In contrast, the antibodies to catecholamine suppressed the expression of tolerance to chronic morphine. Serotonin antibodies virtually produced no effects on pain sensitivity and the development of morphine tolerance.
Assuntos
Anticorpos/farmacologia , Catecolaminas/imunologia , Dependência de Morfina/imunologia , Morfina/administração & dosagem , Limiar da Dor/efeitos dos fármacos , Serotonina/imunologia , Animais , Anticorpos/sangue , Doença Crônica , Dopamina/imunologia , Tolerância a Medicamentos , Epinefrina/imunologia , Imunização/métodos , Masculino , Dependência de Morfina/fisiopatologia , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
It was shown in experiments on rats that penicillin 1 microliter microinjection (100 U) into the caudal nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve, accounting for formation of a generator of pathologically enhanced excitation (GREE), brings about in rats the pain syndrome with characteristic for trigeminal neuralgia behavioural manifestations and the emergence of epileptiform activity in the somatosensory cortex, especially pronounced in the contralateral hemisphere. The emergence of this activity reflects, on the one hand, the action of the GREE in the caudal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve and, on the other hand, the involvement of the somatosensory cortex taking over stimulation from the hyperactive caudal nucleus, into formation of a pathological algic system of this form of trigeminal neuralgia.
Assuntos
Epilepsia/fisiopatologia , Córtex Somatossensorial/fisiopatologia , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/fisiopatologia , Animais , Estimulação Elétrica , Eletroencefalografia , Epilepsia/induzido quimicamente , Potenciais Somatossensoriais Evocados/fisiologia , Masculino , Microinjeções , Penicilinas/administração & dosagem , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/induzido quimicamenteRESUMO
The experiments on Wistar rats showed that microinjection of C-terminal fragment of substance P-CP5-11 (1 microgram) into one of the antinociceptive system structure--dorsal raphe nucleus, caused a prolonged (24 hours of observation) analgetic effect by the hot plate test. Neuronal activity of dorsal raphe nucleus simultaneously enhanced. The CP5-11 antinociceptive activity was higher than the CP1-11 one. The conclusion is that CP1-11 and in particular its C-terminal fragment CP5-11 play a role in activation of antinociceptive system.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/farmacologia , Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/farmacologia , Núcleos da Rafe/efeitos dos fármacos , Substância P/farmacologia , Animais , Masculino , Medição da Dor , Ratos , Ratos EndogâmicosRESUMO
Biomicroscopic studies of mesentery in trigeminal neuralgia rats caused by creation of a generator of pathologically enhanced excitation in trigeminal nerve caudal nucleus (injection 0.25-1.0 DLM Tetanus toxin) have shown the microcirculatory disorders, venular permeability, mast cells degranulation, and an increase in lymphatic contractile activity. Microcirculatory disorders intensity and adaptation reaction appearance correlated with trigeminal neuralgia clinical picture.