Correction: Biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy according to nadir prostate specific antigen value.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249709.].

Predictive Factors for Achieving Superior Pentafecta Outcomes Following Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy in Patients with Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma.

PURPOSE: To examine the perioperative outcomes following robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and to identify the predictors of Pentafecta achievement following RAPN. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data from 362 patients with RCC who underwent RAPN from 2008 to 2016. The criteria for Pentafecta achievement were defined as the Trifecta [warm ischemic time (WIT) ≤25 minutes, negative surgical margin, and no significant perioperative complications]; with the addition of renal function preservation, including over 90% preservation of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR); and no stage upgrade of chronic kidney disease at 1 year after surgery. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the predictors of the Pentafecta outcomes. RESULTS: Among 362 patients, 82.3% (n = 298) had clinical T1a tumors. The median tumor size was 2.9 cm [interquartile range (IQR) = 2.1-3.6] and median nephrometry score was 7 (IQR = 6-8). The median operative time was 220 minutes (IQR = 185-270) and median estimated blood loss was 150 mL (IQR = 100-200). The median WIT was 20 minutes (IQR = 16-26). The overall rate of postoperative complications was 18.8% (n = 68). The rates of Trifecta and Pentafecta achievement were 66.6% (n = 241/362) and 33.9% (n = 121/303), respectively. Notably, the preoperative e-GFR, hypertension, tumor size, L-component of the R.E.N.A.L score, and surgeon's experience were identified as the significant predictors of Pentafecta achievement. Additionally, patients with T1a tumors showed higher rates of Pentafecta achievement (45.7% vs 25.9%) compared with those of patients with T1b tumors. However, there was no significant difference in the Pentafecta accomplishment rates between the transperitoneal and retroperitoneal approaches. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, our data highlighted that tumor size and nephrometry score, which are tumor-related factors, as well as the surgeon's experience, a surgeon-related factor, appear to be the critical predictive factors for Pentafecta achievement following RAPN.

Immunohistochemical staining of ERG and SOX9 as potential biomarkers of docetaxel response in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

We aimed to evaluate ERG and SOX9 as potential biomarkers of docetaxel response in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. Seventy-one mCRPC patients were evaluated. Tissue microarrays were constructed and immunohistochemistry was performed. Treatment response was assessed by prostate specific antigen (PSA) response rate, PSA progression-free survival (PSA-PFS), clinical/radiologic PFS (C/R-PFS) and overall survival (OS). ERG and SOX9 were found in 13 (18.3%) and 62 (87.3%) patients, respectively. ERG-positive had lower PSA response rates than negative (15.4% vs 62.1%, p = 0.004), and SOX9 showed a same trend (46.8% vs 100.0%, p = 0.003). ERG positivity correlated with a lower PSA-PFS (3.2 mos vs 7.4 mos, p < 0.001), C/R-PFS (3.8 mos vs 9.0 mos, p < 0.001) and OS (10.8 mos vs 21.4 mos, p < 0.001). SOX9 positivity also showed a lower PSA-PFS, C/R-PFS and OS (p =0.006, p =0.012 and p =0.023, respectively). On multivariate analysis, ERG positivity was a significant risk factor for a lower PSA-PFS, C/R-PFS and OS (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p =0.001, respectively). SOX9 expression was also a risk factor for a lower PSA-PFS, C/R-PFS and OS (p = 0.018, p = 0.025 and p =0.047, respectively). These findings indicate that ERG and SOX9 is potential biomarkers for prediction to docetaxel treatment in mCRPC patients.

FGFR3 overexpression is prognostic of adverse outcome for muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma treated with adjuvant chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Alterations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of urothelial carcinoma. However, its clinicopathological significance has not been clearly established, especially in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to investigate the mutation and overexpression of FGFR3 in MIBC cases from radical cystectomy and to analyze the prognostic and predictive significance in the groups with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Study cohorts included 72 cases of MIBC including 42 patients who were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. The mutation status of FGFR3 exons 7, 10, and 15 was investigated and protein expression was evaluated. The findings were analyzed for the association with relevant clinicopathological findings. RESULTS: FGFR3 mutations were found in 7 patients (9.7%) and were correlated with a pattern of papillary growth, moderate histologic grade (G2 vs. G3), and moderately advanced TNM stage (II-III vs. IV). FGFR3 protein overexpression was detected in 33 cases (45.8%) but was not associated with the relevant clinicopathological parameters. In patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy, FGFR3 overexpression was correlated with shorter disease-free survival (P = 0.067, 95% confidence interval: 14.8-29.6, marginal significance) and overall survival (P = 0.035), remaining as a significant independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival and overall survival in multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazards model. In patients without adjuvant chemotherapy, FGFR3 mutation or overexpression did not have prognostic significance in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: We report the FGFR3 alterations in MIBCs, and discuss their biological implication in subsets of patients. FGFR3 overexpression was predictive of adverse outcome in patients with adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy after radical cystectomy. The utility of FGFR3 as a therapeutic target is suggested.