Corrigendum to "Investigating the effect of meditation on spiritual wellbeing of Type-2 diabetic amputees: A clinical trial study" [Heliyon 6 (11) (November 2020) e05567].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05567.].

The effect of spiritual care on quality of life of patients with amputation caused by diabetes type 2: a clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate effect of a spiritual care on quality of life of patients with amputation caused by diabetes type 2. METHODS: The current study was a clinical trial. Fifty four patients with amputation caused by diabetes type 2 referred to Al-Zahra hospital at Isfahan was allocated to two case and control groups. Spiritual care training including transcendental meditation (T.M) technique was established for case group. Participants in case group performed four weeks of meditation technique following participating in sessions of meditation technique training. Data gathering was done using a standard tool to assess quality of life in patients with diabetes (diabetes quality of life: DQOL). Data was analyzed using SPSS software. RESULTS: Mean score of quality of life in the four areas of quality of life was not significantly different among case and control groups at baseline, however, mean score of quality of life in case group (2.25 ± 0.56) was significantly better than control group (2.52 ± 0.38) after intervention (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Given findings of the study, it seems that spiritual care can improve quality of life of patients with amputation caused by diabetes type 2.

Investigating the effect of transcendental meditation on spiritual wellbeing of Type-2 diabetic amputees: A clinical trial study.

OBJECTIVES: Diabetes is a chronic, progressive and life-threatening metabolic syndrome that causes physical complications such as amputation, psychological complications and crisis in one's life, which leads to increased expression of spirituality and increased use of spiritual support as a coping mechanism. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of spiritual care on the spiritual wellbeing of type-2 diabetic amputees. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present clinical trial study, 54 type-2 diabetic amputees were randomly divided into two groups; namely, experimental and control in 2014 and underwent transcendental meditation (TM) in three sessions. The 20-item spiritual well-being scale (SWBS) (Paloutzian and Ellision), which measures the spiritual well-being dimensions, was completed by patients before and after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential methods (paired T-test, independent t-test, Fisher's exact test, mann-whitney test, and chi-square) in SPSS ver. 16. RESULTS: The results showed no statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of mean spiritual wellbeing before the intervention, but, the post-intervention mean spiritual wellbeing score in the control and experimental groups was 97.82 ± 9.25 and 88.40 ± 9.47, respectively. (α = 0.05) (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: According to the results of the present study, it seems that spiritual care is able to improve the spiritual wellbeing status of individuals.

The Effect of Spiritual Care on the Body Image of Patients Undergoing Amputation due to Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND: Body image, as an important factor in quality of life (QOL) satisfaction, in amputee patients is strongly affected by amputation, which can put the patient at risk of psychological disorders such as depression. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of spiritual care on body image in patients with type 2 diabetes-related amputation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, an experimental pretest-posttest design with two groups was used. A total of 54 participants (Males = 41, Females = 13) aged between 40 and 72 who had diabetes-related amputation participated in the study. The participants were randomly assigned to the meditation and control group. For the experimental group, three sessions of meditation, and for control group, three sessions regarding prevention of diabetic foot ulcer were conducted. The participants in the experimental group were asked to perform meditation exercises for a month. The data was collected via Amputee Body Image Scale before and 4 weeks after the intervention. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between groups on demographic variables. After intervention, the meditation group showed lower levels of body image disturbance compared with the control group, which was significant (t=3.41, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that meditation can improve body image in patients with diabetes-related amputation. In addition, because of no side effects and high acceptance of spiritual care, this method can be used as a way to improve the condition of patients.