RESUMO
New architectures of transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) incorporating graphene monolayers in different configurations have been explored with the aim to improve the performance of silicon-heterojunction (SHJ) cell front transparent contacts. In SHJ technology, front electrodes play an important additional role as anti-reflectance (AR) coatings. In this work, different transparent-conductive-oxide (TCO) thin films have been combined with graphene monolayers in different configurations, yielding advanced transparent electrodes specifically designed to minimize surface reflection over a wide range of wavelengths and angles of incidence and to improve electrical performance. A preliminary analysis reveals a strong dependence of the optoelectronic properties of the TCEs on (i) the order in which the different thin films are deposited or the graphene is transferred and (ii) the specific TCO material used. The results shows a clear electrical improvement when three graphene monolayers are placed on top on 80-nm-thick ITO thin film. This optimum TCE presents sheet resistances as low as 55 Ω/sq and an average conductance as high as 13.12 mS. In addition, the spectral reflectance of this TCE also shows an important reduction in its weighted reflectance value of 2-3%. Hence, the work undergone so far clearly suggests the possibility to noticeably improve transparent electrodes with this approach and therefore to further enhance silicon-heterojunction cell performance. These results achieved so far clearly open the possibility to noticeably improve TCEs and therefore to further enhance SHJ contact-technology performance.
RESUMO
Objetivo: Demostrar el efecto inhibidor del extracto etanólico de Cyperus rotundus (Piri-Piri) sobre la contractibilidad de la fibra uterina in vitro en ratas albinas. Método: Estudio de tipo experimental, diseño pre clínico. La muestra de estudio estuvo constituida por 15 ratas cepa Holtzman albinas con peso entre 250-300gr. Previo al experimento se estrogenizó a cada rata con cipionato de estradiol 0,1mg/kg IM. Luego, se extrajo en total 30 cuernos de útero de rata, los cuales se colocaron en el equipo de órgano aislado (Modelo LE 1-046) para el registro de los componentes de la contracción: intensidad, frecuencia y duración, obtenidas a través de la estimulación con oxitocina 0.01 UI; posterior a ello, se administró secuencialmente las diferentes dosis del extracto etanólico de Cyperus rotundus (Piri-Piri): 0,5mg/ml, 1mg/ml, 10mg/ml, 50mg/ml, 100mg/ml y 200mg/ml, siendo el tiempo de estabilización entre cada dosis de 60 minutos con lavados de solución tyrode cada 10 minutos. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron en el programa Statistics SPSS versión 22.0, se utilizaron las pruebas de Wilconxon para comparación de medianas de cada componente de la contracción, la prueba Kruskal-Wallis para comparación de medianas de los porcentajes de reducción y la prueba Post Hoc de Dunn para comparaciones múltiples entre las diferentes concentraciones. Resultados: Para el primer componente de la contracción, se observó una disminución de la intensidad mediana a partir de la dosis 1mg/ml de Cyperus rotundus (Piri-Piri) con un porcentaje de reducción de 1.6 por ciento, evidenciándose un mayor efecto a medida que las dosis aumentan logrando una disminución completa de la intensidad para las concentraciones 100mg/ml y 200mg/ml de Cyperus rotundus con un porcentaje de reducción de 85.3 por ciento y 98.2 por ciento, respectivamente; de igual forma se observó para el componente duración, observándose un efecto tocolítico a partir de la dosis 1mg/ml con porcentaje de reducción de...
Objective: To demonstrate the inhibitory effect of ethanol extract of Cyperus rotundus (Piri-Piri) in contractility of uterine fiber in vitro in albino rats. Method: Experimental, pre clinical study. The sample consisted of 15 Holtzman albino rats weighing between 250-300gr. Prior to the experiment each rat was estrogenized with estradiol cypionate O.lmg/kg IM. Then, a total of 30 rat uterus horns was extracted, which were placed in isolated organ equipment (Model LE 1-046) for recording of components contraction: intensity, frequency and duration, obtained through oxytocin 0.01 UI stimulation; after that, sequentially was administered different doses of the ethanol extract of Cyperus rotundus (Piri-Piri): 0.5 mg/ml, 1mg/ml, 10mg/ml, 50mg/ml, 100mg/ml and 200mg/ml, the stabilization time between doses was 60 minutes with washes of Tyrode solution every 10 minutes. The data obtained were analyzed in SPSS Statistics 22.0 software version, were used Wilconxon test to compare medians of each component of the contraction, Kruskal-Wallis test to compare median ratios of reduction and Post Hoc Dunn test for multiple comparison between different concentrations. Results: For the first component of contraction, was observed a decrease of medium intensity as from 1mg/ml dose of Cyperus rotundus (Piri-Piri) with a reduction ratio of 1.6 per cent, showing a greater effect as increasing doses achieving complete decrease of intensity for 100mg/ml and 200mg/ml concentrations of Cyperus rotundus with a reduction percentage of 85.3 per cent and 98.2 per cent, respectively; similarly was observed for the duration component, tocolytic effect was observed from the 1 mg/ml dose with a reduction ratio of 3.7 per cent, being greater at higher doses, for the dose 100mg/ml and 200mg/ml decreased duration was completed with percentage reduction of 98.7 per cent and 86.6 per cent, respectively. Analyzing the frequency component, the medium frequency decrease was observed after the...
