[The combination of hepatitis with different etiologies and developmental defects of the biliary tract]. / O sochetanii gepatita raznoi étiologii s porokami razvitiia zhelchevyvodiashchikh putei.

Anamnestic, clinical and morphological data presented concern 34 children with malformations of excretory bile ducts (15 with atresia of intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts, 12 with atresia of distal regions of the external bile ducts, 7 with cystic dilatation of ductus choledochus). Analysis of operation material revealed the presence of hepatitis in 30 cases including 16 cases with giant cell hepatitis associated with malformations. Intrauterine hepatitis B was found in 24 cases, herpetic hepatitis in 2 cases and Mycoplasma-related hepatitis in 3 cases (one of them in combination with hepatitis B). The etiology was not established in 2 cases. Accompanying bacterial infection was in 6 observations.

[The interrelationship of cytomegalovirus infection and immunodeficiencies]. / O vzaimootnoshenii tsitomegalovirusnoi infektsii i immunodefitsitov.

The results of examination of 87 children who died from a generalized cytomegalovirus infection in Elista (66 cases) in 1984-1985, 1988-89, and in Leningrad (21 cases) in 1988-89 are available. In the Elista material a considerable increase (from 21 to 66%) of severe forms of accidental transformation of thymus is observed in the second period comparing to the first one. The causes of a serious worsening of the immunological background remain unclear. Cytomegaly represented 3.85% of all dead children in the pathology department of the First Children Hospital of Leningrad. There was sialadenitis in 4 cases and generalized infection with involvement of the lungs, liver, kidneys, brain, myocardium, pancreas, adrenals in 17 cases. Cytomegaly was diagnosed in 3 of 5 cases of primary immunodeficiency. Diagnosis in some cases was confirmed by the DNA cytomegalovirus detection by means of PCR reaction.

[Morphologic manifestations of candidiasis in newborns with immunodeficiency]. / Morfologicheskie proiavleniia kandidoza novorozhdennykh v usloviiakh immunodefitsita.

Morphological examinations of 58 autopsy cases of visceral candidiasis in newborns were performed. Direct correlation between the severity of thymus lesions and the degree of changes in organs produced by candidiasis was observed. The most severe candidiasis was found in cases of congenital immunodeficiency. This suggests that the morphological features of candidiasis may be the manifestation of immunodeficiency state.

[Herpetic infection (Herpes simplex]. / Gerpeticheskaia infektsiia (prostoi gerpes).

Structural manifestations of Herpesviridae infection, largely of herpes simplex, transmission and mode of entry were analysed and investigated by the authors on section material using light and immunofluorescent microscopy in combination with serological tests. In overall neonatal section material generalized herpetic infection was a frequent finding (4.7%). The lesions in type I and II herpes simplex were similar in manifestations. Structural evaluation of the viscera in prenatal and placental infections suggests affection of cells of epithelial origin with metamorphosis of the giant cells and a drastic increase of the nuclei exhibiting large inclusions rich in DNA. Alternative changes were more pronounced in the brain, while the destruction of the affected cells was more intensive in the lungs. Postnatal herpes simplex virus infection was also covered.

[Pathological anatomy of herpetic brain lesions in infants]. / Patologicheskaia anatomiia gerpeticheskikh porazhenii golovnogo mozga u detei.

Results of morphological examination of brain herpetic lesions in 29 children are presented. There were 5 observations of necrotic meningo-encephalitis, among children with generalized intrauterine herpes, less severe changes were found in other cases. 14 children suffered from acute necrotic meningo-encephalitis developed after birth. Changes typical for herpes are described in neural, glial and ependymal cells; the type of response in different forms of lesions is shown. The correlation between the gangliosides content in the brain tissue and the surviving neural cells and a specific increase of ganglioside GD1b fraction in brain tissue were demonstrated by biochemical and morphological studies.

[Pathologic anatomy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in children]. / Patologicheskaia anatomiia sinegnoinoi infektsii u detei.

Examinations of 143 autopsy observations of P. aeruginosa infection in children were performed. Among them, 119 patients had pneumonia, 16 affections of the alimentary tract, 8 sepsis with various localizations of the primary focus. Morphologically the affected organs presented foci of necrosis of different size with tremendous numbers of bacteria, poor leukocyte reaction, and deep circulatory disorders in the periphery. A more manifest leukocyte infiltration in foci of lesions was observed in the cases where other bacterial microflora, in addition to P. aeruginosa, was present. P. aeruginosa isolated from the organs of dead children, as a rule, belonged to immune type 1 or 2 (according to Fisher's scheme). Microbiological studies on these strains showed the most marked necrotic changes to have been caused by microbes having such factors of pathogenicity as protease and plasmocoagulase.

[Pathological anatomy of a herpes infection caused by herpes simplex type 2 virus in infants]. / Patologicheskaia anatomiia gerpeticheskoi infektsii, vyzvannoi virusom herpes simplex tipa 2, u detei.

Materials of autopsies of 52 children suffering from severe herpetic infection, intrauterine as a rule, were analysed. The etiology of the process was proved by immunofluorescent and serological examinations. The disease was markedly generalized, however, with predominant involvement of the liver, lungs, and central nervous system of the type of pneumonia, hepatitis and encephalomyelitis. Early in the disease, changes of alveolocytes, hepatocytes, and other epitheliocytes were observed, consisting primarily in a peculiar alteration of their nuclei. Simultaneously, moderate signs of inflammation were observed, but in most severe cases it was alterative.