RESUMO
The present study describes the development of a laboratory-scale waste stabilisation pond (WSP) system, undertaken in order to investigate the effects of hydraulic, physicochemical, microbial and physical parameters on wastewater treatment. Previous studies have focused predominantly on hydraulic characteristics. This system was engineered at a scale much smaller than had previously been seen in the literature. The scale of the model used here allows for improved optimisation at a shorter time scale that would be seen for larger pilot-scale systems. Additionally, with the addition of viruses, a smaller scale model allows for more control over viral concentration used. Once constructed, the system was dosed with wastewater from a wastewater treatment plant and both the influent and effluent were monitored using common testing methods as well as direct viral analysis. Successful wastewater treatment was seen in terms of reduction of indicator bacteria and virus, as determined by culture-based methods. This treatment and the associated stabilisation of physicochemical parameters such as dissolved oxygen and pH, indicates the successful development of a microbial community within the laboratory-scale WSP.
RESUMO
Dinuclear [M2L2]n+ (M = Pd2+ or Pt2+) metallo-rectangles have a rich history, particularly in molecular recognition, including self-catenation events. These structures are mostly generated via a ligand-directed approach with cis-capped M2+ corners. We report here a symmetry interaction approach using 3 : 1 complementary denticity, giving a new route to [M2L2]4+ rectangles and their self-catenation.
RESUMO
The use of stimuli to induce reversible structural transformations in metallosupramolecular systems is of keen interest to chemists seeking to mimic the way that Nature effects conformational changes in biological machinery. While a wide array of stimuli have been deployed towards this end, stoichiometric changes have only been explored in a handful of examples. Furthermore, switching has generally been between only two distinct states. Here we use a simple 2-(1-(pyridine-4-methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine "click" ligand in combination with PdII in various stoichiometries and concentrations to quantitatively access and cycle between three distinct species: a [PdL2 ]2+ monomer, a [Pd2 L2 ]4+ dimer, and a [Pd9 L12 ]18+ cage.
