Salud autopercibida en niños escolarizados de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires: estudio piloto como etapa para la adaptación transcultural de un instrumento para su evaluación / Self-assessed health in school children of Buenos Aires city: pilot study as a first step in the cultural adaptation of an instrument to be evaluated

La presente investigación se propone como objetivo final la adaptación conceptual, lingüística y métrica de un instrumento psicométrico, el Healthy Pathways Child-Report Scales (Bevans, Riley & Forrest, 2010), concebido para la evaluación de la salud autopercibida en niños y adolescentes tempranos. La meta de este trabajo, en particular, es dar cuenta de los resultados obtenidos durante los primeros pasos del proceso de validación transcultural, en una muestra de sujetos escolarizados de entre 8 y 14 años (Mediaedad=11 años; DE= 2) de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires.Como primera medida se realizó una traducción (inglés/español) de los ítems de la prueba, concretada por dos técnico-científicos de inglés, con lengua materna española. En la segunda etapa, se efectuaron entrevistas cognitivas a 30 niños y adolescentes, con el fin de evaluar la comprensión gramática y conceptual de los reactivos del instrumento. Al mismo tiempo se verificó si el período recordatorio solicitado, así como la extensión de las escalas, era adecuada para las características de los sujetos del medio local.Los resultados sugieren que es necesario redefinir las edades cronológicas a partir de las cuales puede comprenderse el contenido de los reactivos, el manejo de las nociones temporales, así como la cantidad de preguntas que componen la prueba.

Salud autopercibida en niños escolarizados de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires: estudio piloto como etapa para la adaptación transcultural de un instrumento para su evaluación / Self-assessed health in school children of Buenos Aires city: pilot study as a first step in the cultural adaptation of an instrument to be evaluated

La presente investigación se propone como objetivo final la adaptación conceptual, ling³ística y métrica de un instrumento psicométrico, el Healthy Pathways Child-Report Scales (Bevans, Riley & Forrest, 2010), concebido para la evaluación de la salud autopercibida en niños y adolescentes tempranos. La meta de este trabajo, en particular, es dar cuenta de los resultados obtenidos durante los primeros pasos del proceso de validación transcultural, en una muestra de sujetos escolarizados de entre 8 y 14 años (Mediaedad=11 años; DE= 2) de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires.Como primera medida se realizó una traducción (inglés/español) de los ítems de la prueba, concretada por dos técnico-científicos de inglés, con lengua materna española. En la segunda etapa, se efectuaron entrevistas cognitivas a 30 niños y adolescentes, con el fin de evaluar la comprensión gramática y conceptual de los reactivos del instrumento. Al mismo tiempo se verificó si el período recordatorio solicitado, así como la extensión de las escalas, era adecuada para las características de los sujetos del medio local.Los resultados sugieren que es necesario redefinir las edades cronológicas a partir de las cuales puede comprenderse el contenido de los reactivos, el manejo de las nociones temporales, así como la cantidad de preguntas que componen la prueba.(AU)

[Adenomas of the nipple]. / L'adenoma del capezzolo.

A case of adenoma of the nipple is reported. Although this is a comparatively rare condition, knowledge of it is extremely important because clinically it simulates Paget's disease. A failure to recognise the pathology could therefore lead to mistaken diagnosis and consequent surgery which would create serious damage to the patient. According to almost all authors, it is a benign pathology and can therefore be treated with an intervention limited to removing the complete tumour. This for two reasons: the first is that if the tumour grows it can become painful, create a sense of tension and bleed in the erosive phase; the second, more important, is that malignant degeneration has been hypothesised. For these reasons it is essential to examine the other breast immediately and follow the patient over time to prevent unpleasant surprises.

[Fine needle cytology ultrasound guide in breast disease. Personal experience]. / Esame citologico con ago ultrafine ecoguidato nelle lesioni mammarie. Nostra esperienza.

BACKGROUND: The authors present their experience of diagnostic technique performed with an ultrafine needle. This technique utilizes simple and economical instrumentation. The objectives of the present work are to: improve patient comfort and compliance; reduce the number of inadequate cells; demonstrate the validity of the diagnostic method used. METHODS: In our research, 137 cases of both benign and malignant disease were analyzed between January 1998 and April 2000. A further 118 cases, derived from our previous clinical trials, were added to these results. To achieve these objectives, the classic technique was modified using ultra-fine needles. In the present work, the results of the second trial are reported (January 1998 to April 2000) together with those from the first (January-December 1997). RESULTS: We have demonstrated that the technique with the ultra-fine needle is comparable to methods described in the world literature, and that the final results are equal to those of the major researchers. CONCLUSIONS: The advantage of this method is to be found in the small number of inadequate cells produced, due to the simplicity of the execution and the instruments, to acceptability of the examination to the patients, and to the overall results, which are comparable to those of major researchers. The main disadvantage relates to the characteristics of the needle, which is fine and short, and therefore unsuitable for use with deeply-placed tumors.

[Gallbladder carcinoma. Personal case histories]. / Carcinoma della colecisti. Casistica personale.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Carcinoma of the gallbladder is a rare pathology which is extremely malignant with a fatal prognosis owing to its difficult and late diagnosis. It represents 3% of all digestive tumours and is predominant in females. The major risk factor is gallbladder stones. METHODS: A total of 14 gallbladder neoplasms were diagnosed in 798 cholecystectomies performed from October 1990 to October 1995, with a male/female ratio of 6: 1 and a mean age of 68 years and 11 months. Biliary colic and jaundice represented approximately 93% of symptoms present in this series. Fourteen cholecystectomies were performed in association with other forms of surgery (1 GEA, 2 drainage acc. Kehr, 1 hemicolectomy, 1 resection of the hepatic bed, 1 hepaticojejunostomy). RESULTS: The operative mortality was nil. Mean survival was 1 year, 4 months and 15 days, and was obviously higher in the early stages. Four patients (all female) are still alive (mean survival 2 years 10 months 9 days). The five-year survival rate reported in the literature does not exceed 5-10%. Surgery does not currently give satisfactory results. In the light of present knowledge it is important to intervene on the risk factors in the form of laparoscopic cholecystectomies for patients with lithiasis or gallbladder polyps. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis must be as early as possible during the "early cancer" phase in order to ensure that surgery is oncologically radical and therefore also remedial.

[Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A clinical case series]. / Colecistectomia laparoscopica. Casistica clinica.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a minimally invasive and highly effective technique for gallstone disease. The authors report their experience of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Between September 1992 and December 1994 we performed laparoscopic operations on 212 patients with gallstone disease. Our series included 149 female and 63 male patients; 29 patients was converted intraoperatively to the open procedure. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the best surgical approach for the treatment of cholelithiasis: it reduces postoperative pain and hospital stay, has cosmetical and financial benefits.

[Duodenal adenocarcinoma]. / Adenocarcinoma del duodeno.

The authors report 4 cases of primitive malignant duodenal tumors. Adenocarcinoma of the duodenum is a rare tumor and its clinical symptoms are various and not specific. The most common picture is the occlusive stenotical one, where complications are numerous and frequent. The radiographical pictures are represented either by a short neoplastic stenosis or by lacunose aspects or by strictures of the lumen between two normal segments. Endoscopy allows biopsy and therefore helps to secure histological diagnosis. The prognosis of duodenal cancer is severe as diagnosis is late. The possible therapy is surgical and consists either in palliative interventions (digestive and biliary derivations) or in the radical ones (duodenocephalus-pancreasectomy or segmentary duodenectomy). In order to improve patients survival, which is rare and till 5 years maximum, early diagnosis is necessary.

[Splenic pregnancy. Apropos of a case]. / Grossesse splénique. A propos d'un cas.

Still nowadays the extrauterine pregnancy causes the 10% of maternal deaths, also in the most developed countries. The splenic localization is really exceptional. The authors of this article describe a case they have studied, by drawing the attention on the criteria followed in order to obtain an early and correct diagnosis for a reduced mortality rate.

[Non-epithelial benign gastric neoplasms]. / Neoplasie gastriche benigne non-epiteliali.

The Authors report five cases of benign neoplasm of the stomach: 2 leiomyoblastomas, 2 leiomyomas and 1 ganglioneuroblastoma, underlining its rarity. After a review of the literature, the anatomo-pathological, clinical and therapeutical findings are described. The difficulty of early diagnosis is underline and the need for surgical therapy states.