Exploring psychosocial experiences of behavior therapists dealing with children having autism spectrum disorder.

Behavior therapists play an important role in the life of children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Literature reported that child's improvement depends on the quality of therapy they receive. Therefore, the current study aims to explore the psychosocial experiences of behavior therapist working with children having ASD, and suggest the coping strategies which they use to deal with those stressors. The study utilizes a qualitative research design with a phenomenological research approach to explore the psychosocial experiences. For this purpose, the researchers conduct semi-structured interviews of 6 behavior therapists, ages ranging from 25 to 35 years. They note the verbatim of the therapists and convert into codes to create themes and categories. Furthermore, the study utilizes Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis for the interpretation of the results. The results of this phenomenological research indicate six superordinate themes emerged from the transcripts. The results demonstrate professional and psychological experiences of behavior therapists along with the social and the health issues faced by the children with ASD, and the coping strategies used by the therapists that is emotion focused coping, problem focused coping and maladaptive copings. Gaining insight into therapists' psychosocial experiences can pave the way for developing approaches aimed at enhancing their overall welfare. These approaches may encompass initiatives to alleviate stress, mitigate burnout, and boost job satisfaction.

Risk factors for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is among the most prevalent childhood disorders. This condition is characterized by impulsive behaviour, restlessness and lack of concentration. Various researchers have come up with diverse conclusions concerning the risk factors of ADHD. OBJECTIVE: However, there is a need for a comprehensive review to understand the risk factors associated with the development of ADHD. METHODS: For this, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA), the methodology was used to extract the findings. RESULTS: The finding suggests that there are a variety of risk factors associated with women that may be responsible for the development of ADHD among children. The main four risk factors are antibiotics use in early life, insufficient omega 3 and 6 in the body, disruption of gut microbiota and irregular circadian rhythm. These factors, which are discussed in-depth in the review, include factors that affect the development of the brain in children. CONCLUSION: This review concludes that a variety of risk factors may contribute to the development of ADHD. Further, this review highlights not only the importance of metabolic physiological but also the importance of biopsychological aspects that leads to the development of ADHD among children. Studies should be conducted to check the impact of such factors holistically to minimize the risk of ADHD.