RESUMO
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a life-threatening respiratory disease characterized by severe acute infection. In some cases, COVID-19 symptoms may persist for a long term, posing a significant social problem. Long-term COVID-19 symptoms resemble those observed in various autoimmune diseases, such as dermatomyositis and polymyositis. In this report, we present the case of a 55-year-old woman who had been experiencing persistent dyspnea on exertion since contracting COVID-19 a month ago and was subsequently diagnosed with anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS). The patient presented with fever, dyspnea, rash, mechanic's hands, and arthritis. Computed tomography imaging revealed findings indicative of interstitial pneumonia. Immunological test results were positive for anti-EJ antibody, leading to a diagnosis of ASS based on Solomon's established criteria. The patient's condition improved following treatment with prednisolone, tacrolimus, and intravenous cyclophosphamide. Pathological findings of transbronchial biopsy revealed nonspecific interstitial pneumonia with organizing pneumonia, leading to speculation that ASS had developed after COVID-19. Given the scarcity of reports on ASS development post COVID-19, we conducted a literature review and compared our present case to previous ones. This report highlights the importance of considering ASS in the differential diagnosis of patients with long-term COVID-19 symptoms.
RESUMO
Cleanliness of milking equipment is known to be important for the safety of dairy products and to prevent the spread of diseases among cows. We investigated the cleaning procedures of milking equipment and suckling equipment on Japanese dairy farms, and the cleanliness of bucket milkers, suckling buckets, milk receivers, and bulk tanks, using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence test. Bulk tanks (except one bulk tank) and milk receivers were washed by automated cleaning, but all bucket milkers and suckling buckets were washed by manual cleaning. Detergents were often not used to clean bucket milkers and suckling buckets. The log10 transformed relative luminescence units (LRLU) of equipment washed by manual cleaning was higher than equipment washed by automated cleaning. Clean surfaces (≤2.2 LRLU) were only observed on the bulk tank and the milk receiver. More than 50% of the LRLU of the mouthpiece, the rubber packing of claw, and the nipple of the suckling bucket were determined dirty. These results suggest that the cleanliness of the bucket milkers and the suckling buckets washed by manual cleaning was lower than that of the equipment washed by automated cleaning, and may be due to insufficient cleaning procedures.
Assuntos
Indústria de Laticínios , Leite , Animais , Bovinos , Fazendas , Feminino , JapãoRESUMO
This study investigated the use of transient elastography (TE) as a tool for the non-invasive evaluation of liver stiffness and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) in cows. A total of 85 cows were used for this study. After the liver was located and subcutaneous tissue thickness was checked by means of ultrasonography, liver stiffness and CAP were measured using TE. At least 10 measurements were taken per individual cow. In addition, intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated for intra-rater and two-rater inter-rater reliability of liver stiffness and CAP measurement, and were evaluated. Of the 85 cows, 61 (71.8%) were measurable owing to their significantly less body weight and subcutaneous tissue thickness compared with those of unmeasurable cows. Liver stiffness showed no significant differences among sexes, ages, or breeds. CAP showed no significant differences among sexes and breeds. Intra- and inter-rater reliabilities for liver stiffness and CAP were almost perfect. Both liver stiffness and CAP could be quantitatively evaluated with good reproducibility in cows using TE, and CAP increased with the growth of the cows. However, evaluation was not possible in obese cows or cows with high values for subcutaneous tissue thickness or body weight.
