[Postradiotherapy complications and their correction ways at patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma].

Today hyperfractionated radiotherapy in combination with cisplatin and 5-FU is the most effective treatment modality of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However late complications of this method are investigated poorly what was the aim of this research. Analyzing treatment results of 118 patients who achieved complete tumor regression we revealed that radiation damages more often and severe at patients who received more aggressive treatment - accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy with and without concurrent cytotoxic drugs. But application of complex prophylaxis and treatment measures by radiation oncologists in cooperation with other specialist (stomatologists, dermatologists, endocrinologists etc.) allow to control toxicity and finalize planned treatment schedule.

[Problems of dose fractionation in radiotherapy of patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer]. / Problemy fraktsionirovaniia pri luchevoi terapii bol'nykh mestnorasprostranennym rakom pishchevoda.

Patients with local inoperable tumors of the esophagus received a radiation course consisting of three modalities--conventional, continuous accelerated and split fractionation using large single fractions. Significant overall beneficial effect--complete or partial remission--was registered more often in those treated with the two non-traditional modalities. Their application was followed by a 20% rise in palliative effect.

[Fractionated radiation and thermal-radiation actions on transplantable tumors]. / Fraktsionirovannoe luchevoe i termoluchevoe vozdeistvie na perevivnye opukholi.

The paper is concerned with the results of fractionated thermal-radiation action on Brown-Pearce tumor in rabbits, sarcoma-37 (C-37) and Lewis carcinoma (LLC) in outbred and hybrid F1 (C57B1/6 x CBA) mice. Rabbit tumors were subjected to hyperthermia on UHF Plot units 4 h after irradiation, and in mice with a water-bath directly before irradiation. The frequency of Brown-Pearce tumor regression was increased as a result of hyperthermia in 4 h. The comparison of the effectiveness of fractionated radiation or thermal-radiation action on murine tumors (2 of 3 fractions for 4 days) indicated different type changes of the value of the coefficient of thermal enhancement of hyperthermia. For C-37 it was decreased with an increase in the number of fractions, for LLC it was increased, probably as a result of reoxygenation and high radiosensitivity of C-37.

[Prognosis and results of radiotherapy of esophageal cancer with the use of radiomodifiers]. / Prognoz i rezul'taty luchevoi terapii bol'nykh rakom pishchevoda pri primenenii radiomodifikatorov.

The paper is concerned with a retrospective analysis of the results of therapy of 277 esophageal cancer patients who received radiotherapy alone or in combination with radiomodifying agents depending on the results of clinico-instrumental investigations. Correlation of immediate effectiveness of radiation therapy and duration of a case history, macroscopic type of growth of a tumor, its dissemination, a degree of tumor regression at a dose of 35-40 Gy, the frequency and severity of radiation esophagitides was confirmed. A degree of the influence of these factors was less marked in the use of radiation therapy combined with radiomodifying agents. Life duration is proportional to a degree of tumor regression achieved by the end of a radical course of radiation therapy.

[The prognostic significance of the rate of growth in the radiation treatment of esophageal cancer]. / Prognosticheskoe znachenie skorosti rosta pri luchevom lechenii raka pishchevoda.

Biological growth parameters (tumor volume, doubling time with regard to a tumor site, a macroscopic type of tumor growth and semiregression time in radiotherapy or in its combination with radiomodifying agents) were analyzed in 180 esophageal cancer patients. Immediate and short-term results of therapy were shown to be in direct relation to the above factors. The most favorable prognosis is to be expected in the group of patients with fast growing tumors (doubling time less than or equal to 64 days) Unless a tumor of the esophagus has become large (a tumor volume not more than 68.6 cm3), it means exophytic or mixed growth, and radiotherapy is recommended in combination with radiomodifying agents, first of all with local hyperthermia.

[Radiotherapy of esophageal cancer using local hyperthermia and metronidazole (polyradiomodification)]. / Luchevaia terapiia raka pishchevoda s ispol'zovaniem lokal'noi gipertermii i metronidazola (poliradiomodifikatsiia).

The results of a dynamic course of radiotherapy alone and in combination with local hyperthermia and metronidazole were studied in 107 patients with esophageal cancer. With relation to the methods applied the patients were divided into 4 groups: the 1st group (40 patients) was given radiotherapy, the 2nd group (24 patients) radiotherapy and metronidazole, the 3rd group (20 patients) radiotherapy and local hyperthermia, and the 4th group (18 patients) radiotherapy, metronidazole and local hyperthermia. The general direct therapeutic efficacy and 1-year survival for the 1st group were 75 and 76.7% respectively, for the 2nd group 79.3 and 86.9%, for the 3rd group 100 and 95%, and for the 4th group 100 and 94.4%. Thus, a high efficacy of polyradiomodification in esophageal cancer was established.

[Immediate results of polychemotherapy in esophageal cancer patients]. / Neposredstvennye rezul'taty polikhimioterapii u bol'nykh rakom pishchevoda.

Short-term results of intensive 5-day polychemotherapy given to patients with esophageal cancer are presented. The drug therapy was mainly indicated for dramatic disorders of esophageal patency for liquid food (18 patients) or for its complete lack (5 patients). As a result of the treatment esophageal patency improved in 17 of the 23 patients (73.3%). This made it possible to give up palliative surgery and to carry out x-ray treatment.