RESUMO
Serious clinical concern has been raised globally over the continual evolution of pathogenic microorganisms that are resistant to several chemotherapeutic agents, especially the beta-lactam antibiotics. This study investigated ESBL-production in Escherichia coli isolated from door handles in Nasarawa State University, Keffi-Nigeria. A total of 200 door handles were sampled and 34 (17.0%) E. coli isolates were identified. The bacterial resistance profile to tested antibiotics was: tetracycline 31 (91.18%), cotrimoxazole, ceftazidime, and augmentin with 28 (82.35%). Streptomycin and ampicillin had 26 (76.47%), while ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, and gentamicin had 16 (47.06%), 14 (41.18%), 12 (35.29%) and 7 (20.59%) resistance profile respectively. Multiple antibiotics resistance index (MARI) ≥ 0.3 was recorded in 33 (97.06%) of the isolates. A total of 23 resistant phenotypes were observed in this study. The most common resistant phenotype was AMP-AUG-CAZ-CRO-S-CIP-SXT-TE-C with 4 appearances. Fourteen (14) of the isolates were Multidrug resistant (MDR), while 9 were extensively resistant (XDR) isolates. Fifteen (15) ESBL-producers were identified out of which bla TEM was identified in 7 of the isolates, while 10 were carriers of bla SHV, and bla CTX-M gene was not detected in any of the test isolates. This study recommends prompt action by all stakeholders in public health to prevent a potential disease burden from a superbug.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of Sabmonella typhi (S.typhi) among subjects attending College of Education Health Clinic, Akwanga, Nasarawa state from the year. 2005 to 2007 and to recommend some preventive measures to the populace. METHODS: Blood samples were tested for infection using the widal test. RESULTS: Out of the 793 patients examined, 579(73.0%) were positive with 174 (30.05%), 254(43.86%) and 151(26.07%) for the years 2005, 2006 and 2007 respectively. The age range with the highest prevalence of infection for the period was 21-30 with 207(35.75%) followed by 31-40 year group with 133 (22.97%). Chi-square analysis showed no significant difference in infection between males and females (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study provide a useful guide in the formulation of S. typhi control measures in tertiary institutions in the State and also help to check the spread of the pathogen in the general population.
