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BACKGROUND: Insomnia is a symptom complex that comprises difficulties falling asleep, staying asleep or non-refreshing sleep in combination with daytime dysfunction or distress. Most people experience insomnia at some time during their lives. Because of its high incidence, and also because its symptoms are usually mild and transient, the importance of insomnia is frequently underestimated. Various conditions are associated with insomnia and can contribute to its development. They can be related to neurological or psychiatric disorders, which in turn may be aggravated by a deficiency of restorative sleep and daytime fatigue. AIM: In this study, the authors compare the hypnotically effect of Flurazepam and Zolpidem applied on psychiatric cases treated in the Mental Health Centre "Prolet" in Skopje, Republic of Macedonia. METHODS: The investigation covers 45 patients who have insomnia, in addition to their primary mental illness. The examination took six weeks, and it was divided into 3 equal phases. In the first phase of three weeks, Zolpidem was used, and in the third phases, Flurazepam was administrated. We used a self-estimating scale of 13 items and methods of global clinical estimation in the evaluation of received effects. RESULTS: The results show that referring to the induction of the sleeping period, its duration and quality and the number of awakenings, there are no significant differences between the two medicaments used, but there was a significant difference between hypnotic medicaments and placebo. CONCLUSION: The termination with the therapy, didn`t lead to the appearance of abstinential symptoms.
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BACKGROUND: Mother's mental state during pregnancy is of substantial importance for the mother, but also for the infant and his/her future growth and development. Depressive maternal disorders during pregnancy have a significant influence on the development of the baby during pregnancy as well as on the future development and mother-baby relation, the breastfeeding process and care for the baby. AIM: This study aimed to determine the influence of SSRI antidepressant therapy and psychosocial and therapeutic interventions on depression during pregnancy. It was also our aim to determine the relation between severity of depression and sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS: The study included 40 women, with diagnosis F32 and F33 according to ICD 10, that is, with severe depressive disorder within depressive episodes or recurrent depressive disorder. Patients were evaluated at the beginning of the treatment and 3 months after antidepressant treatment. They were followed-up for two years. RESULTS: The results obtained have shown that a larger number of mothers treated with antidepressant medications, had normal childbirth with the unremarkable condition of both, the mother and the newborn baby. CONCLUSION: A well-combined treatment of maternal depression during pregnancy reduces the risk of postpartum depression, which is by itself a prerequisite for normal emotional and behavioural development of the child.
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BACKGROUND: The main goal of psychiatric care is not to be focused only on reducing psychopathological symptoms, but on improvement of the patient's quality of life. AIM: To examine validation and reliability SQLS-R4 among patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: The sample consisted of 61 outpatients with schizophrenia attending the Psychiatry Hospital "Skopje". nclusion criteria for subject selection were: 1) age more than 18 years, 2) clinically stable (not acutely ill or has not been recently hospitalized at least for the past 3 months). They completed SQLS-R4 and SF36 questioners. RESULTS: The internal consistency reliability was satisfactory for both the psychosocial and vitality domains (Cronbach's α = 0.928, 0.83). Most of the items were significantly correlated with own scale score (from 0.189 to 0.687). The average of the score for the psychosocial quality life was 39.9 ± 8.6 (sometimes), for the cognition and vitality was 26.5 ± 6.1 (sometimes) (SQLS-R4). There was moderate correlation between SF 36-energy with SQOLS - motivation and energy; SF 36-mental health correlation with SQOLS-psychosocial. CONCLUSION: SQLS-R4 appears to offer excellent potential as an easily administered and patient acceptable assessment and monitoring measure of quality of life (QoL). However, a principle psychometric criterion crucial to the use and validity of the instrument concerns the underlying factor structure.
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OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determinate some characteristics of schizophrenia patients who attempted suicide at the Skopje Psychiatric Hospital, Skopje, with respect to clinical, ethical and legal context. METHODS: The study included 80 patients with schizophrenia, 17.5% (n=14) of whom attempted suicide. The psychiatric diagnosis of schizophrenia was based on ICD-10 criteria. Sociodemographic and clinical data are presented descriptively as percentages. RESULTS: Based on the characteristics of patients with schizophrenia who attempted suicide, we obtained a typical profile as follows: middle-aged persons (average age 44.8), single (71.4% were not married and 35.7% lived alone), (87.5%) unemployed, repeatedly hospitalized and had a history of suicide attempts (50%), attempting suicide using a violent method (poisoning 64.3%, drowning 21.4%, slashing their wrists 14.3%, jumped from a height 7.1% etc.) after more than three weeks of hospital treatment, and out of hospital. The success of psychiatric treatment is the perception of the legal and medical aspects of suicide as well as their efficient balancing.
