Extraction and characterization of a novel cellulosic fiber derived from the bark of Rosa hybrida plant.

The current investigation aims to choose an alternate potential replacement for the nonbiodegradable synthetic fibers used in polymer composites. This goal motivated the thorough characterization of Rosa hybrida bark (RHB) fibers. The research explored fiber characterization such as morphological, mechanical, thermal, and physical properties. The suggested fiber features a percentage of cellulose, hemicellulose molecules, and lignin of 52.99 wt%, 18.49 wt%, and 17.34 wt%, respectively according to chemical composition studies, which improves its mechanical properties. It is suitable for lightweight applications due to its decreased density (1.194 gcm-3). The purpose of the Fourier transform infrared spectroscope was to observe and record how various chemical groups were distributed throughout the surface of the fiber. The presence of 1.41 nm-sized crystalline cellulose and further XRD analysis showed a crystallinity index of 75.48 %. Scanning electron microscope studies revealed that RHB fibers have a rough surface. According to a single fiber tensile test, for gauge length (GL) 40 mm, Young's modulus and tensile strength of RHB fibers were 6.57 GPa and 352.01 MPa, respectively, and for GL 50 mm, 9.02 GPa and 311 MPa, respectively. Furthermore, thermo-gravimetric examination revealed that the isolated fibers were thermally stable up to 290 °C and the kinetic activation energy was found to be 75.32 kJ/mol. The fibers taken from the Rosa hybrida flower plants' bark exhibit qualities similar to those of currently used natural fibers, making them a highly promising replacement for synthetic fibers in polymer matrix composites.

Exploring the potential of mahogany extract as a natural dye for the coloration of jute fabric.

The use of synthetic dyes in the textile industry is mostly non-degradable, which are carcinogenic and pollute the environment severely. Natural dyes have gained significant attention recently due to their potential to mitigate the environmental challenges associated with synthetic colorants. This investigation is centered around the extraction of natural dyes sourced from mahogany trees and the exploration of environmentally friendly techniques for coloring jute fabric. The derived dyes were procured from distinct segments of the mahogany tree: namely, the bark, fruits, and wood remnants. Employing an aqueous extraction methodology, inherent coloring agents were meticulously separated and subsequently applied to jute fabric subsequent to appropriate mordanting employing a variety of mordant categories. An exhaustive assessment encompassing wash, light, rubbing, and perspiration resistance was conducted on jute fabric that was subjected to dyeing using three distinct variants of mahogany tree-derived dyes. Notably, jute fabric treated with wood wastage-sourced dye exhibited commendable to exceptional resistance properties. The efficacy of this dyeing process was further substantiated through diverse characterization techniques, inclusive of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), which unequivocally affirmed the successful bonding of mahogany-derived dyes onto the surface of the jute fabric. The textile industry, particularly dyeing operations that use large, designed colors and synthetic chemicals, is wreaking havoc on the sea-going environment by dumping emissions directly into bodies of water. Synthetic colors are commonly used to dye jute fabric, which has major health and environmental consequences. Therefore, concerning the environmental challenges, the dyeing of jute fabric using naturally extracted dyes from mahogany trees can be a suitable alternative to synthetic dyes in the textile industry.

Enhancing the quality of elastane-cotton core yarn by compact spinning.

The quest for highly stretchable fabrics with good aesthetic and functional properties has led researchers to constantly involve in mingling of natural and synthetic fibers. Elastane-cotton core yarns have an increasing demand due to their wear comfort and stretch-to-fit properties; therefore, efforts are still going on to optimize the yarn properties to meet the requirements for diversified applications. With a view to enhancing the appearance and performance characteristics of elastane-cotton core yarns, the present work was undertaken to manufacture them by exploiting the most modern and versatile pneumatic compacting mechanism, namely Suessen's EliTe compact spinning system. Elastane-cotton core yarns of different counts (20 tex, 30 tex and 60 tex) were produced with compact and conventional ring spinning system. The difference in morphology and physical properties of two types of yarns were compared after a thorough investigation by scanning electron microscope, evenness tester and strength tester. The results exhibited a noticeable decrease in hairiness, hairiness variation and neps values, especially seed-coat neps, for elastane-cotton compact core yarn. Unevenness & imperfection of compact core yarns were also found to be decreased that were reflected to the proportional enhancements in tenacity & elongation values. The overall observation reveals the potential of pneumatic compacting mechanism in obtaining elastane-cotton core yarn with superior structure and improved mechanical properties.