The Application of Ultrasound in Honey: Antioxidant Activity, Inhibitory Effect on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, and In Vitro Digestibility Assessment.

In the present study, the effects of ultrasound (10, 20, and 30 min) on the bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, enzymatic inhibition, and in vitro digestion of six honey extracts from the Oaxaca state, Mexico, were analyzed. Significant differences were found in each honey extract with respect to the ultrasonic treatment applied (p < 0.05). In the honey extract P-A1 treated with 20 min of ultrasound, the phenols reached a maximum concentration of 29.91 ± 1.56 mg EQ/100 g, and the flavonoids of 1.92 ± 0.01 mg EQ/100 g; in addition, an inhibition of α-amylase of 37.14 ± 0.09% was noted. There were also differences in the phases of intestinal and gastric digestion, presenting a decrease in phenols (3.92 ± 0.042 mg EQ/100 g), flavonoids (0.61 ± 0.17 mg EAG/100 mg), antioxidant capacity (8.89 ± 0.56 mg EAG/100 mg), and amylase inhibition (9.59 ± 1.38%). The results obtained from this study indicate that, in some honeys, the processing method could increase the concentration of bioactive compounds, the antioxidant capacity, and the enzymatic inhibition; however, when subjected to in vitro digestion, the properties of honey are modified. The results obtained could aid in the development of these compounds for use in traditional medicine as a natural source of bioactive compounds.

Sediment trace metal levels in the Ojo de Liebre Lagoonal Complex (Baja California, Mexico), a marine wildlife protected area.

Surficial sediment quality in the Ojo de Liebre Lagoon (OLL), Mexico, was evaluated via five geochemical indices. Results indicate that concentrations of the elements Ag, As, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sb, U, V and Zn do not exert adverse biological effects in this ecosystem. However, minor enrichment was observed for Ba (mean ± SD: 1.09 ± 0.17) and Co (1.57 ± 0.22) and was moderately severe for Cd (9.3 ± 2.0), possibly due to natural processes. The adverse effect index was >1 only for Hg, suggesting that concentrations of this element are sufficiently high (0.40 to 1.13 nmol g-1) to potentially elicit adverse effects on local organisms in contact with sediments. This result is particularly important for grey whales (Eschrichtius robustus), given that they ingest large quantities of benthic organisms during their seasonal stay in the OLL.

Pediatric dermatology consultations: a retrospective analysis of inpatient consultations referred to the dermatology service.

To analyze the care provided by consultant dermatologists to hospitalized pediatric patients, we retrospectively studied the records of inpatient pediatric consultation requests received by a hospital dermatology department between 2000 and 2009. The diagnoses were recorded according to the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9). In a high percentage of cases, the problem was addressed in a single visit, and few additional tests were ordered. The most common diagnostic groups were diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (ICD-9: 680-709). The most frequent specific diagnosis was atopic dermatitis (ICD-9: 691.8). Our series shows that the role of dermatologists as consultants for pediatric inpatients is similar to their role in outpatient consultations.

Nódulos subcutáneos en un recién nacido / Subcutaneous nodules in a newborn

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Valor de la resonancia magnética en la dermatomiositis juvenil / Value of nuclear magnetic resonance in juvenile dermatomyositis

La dermatomiositis juvenil es una enfermedad multisistémica de etiología desconocida que se caracteriza por una inflamación no supurativa de la piel y el músculo esquelético. La electromiografía y la biopsia muscular confirman el diagnóstico clínico, pero son técnicas invasivas. La resonancia magnética (RM) ha demostrado ser una herramienta útil para el diagnóstico de enfermedades musculares, aunque su especificidad es limitada. Los hallazgos de la RM pueden ser útiles para establecer el diagnóstico de esta enfermedad dentro del contexto clínico. Se presenta un caso clínico compatible con dermatomiositis juvenil y se revisa las aportaciones de la RM en el diagnóstico y seguimiento de la enfermedad (AU)