[Organ-sparing surgery for nephroblastoma in children].

We present the results of 53 stage I-III nephroblastoma pediatric patients treated in Belarusia from 2005 to 2010. All the patients received adjuvant chemotherapy (according to SIOP WT 2001 protocol), surgery (complete or partial nephrectomy) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The prolonged adjuvant chemotherapy was proposed in patients with good response as a cytoreductive measure enabling organ-sparing surgery. Five-year event-free survival was 91+/-6% in complete and 89+/-9% in partial nephrectomy recipients (p=0,64). Our experience suggest the feasibility of prolonged adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with good clinical response and no contraindications for complete nephrectomy.

[Renal carcinoma in childhood].

Our data on treatment of renal carcinoma in 12 children (1996-2006) are presented. Nephrectomy and lymph node dissection was carried out in all patients; adjuvant chemotherapy (doxorubicin, interferon alpha2b (IBF alpha2b/Intron A) with concomitant whole body hyperthermia (systemic thermobiochemotherapy--7. Overall 10-year survival in all patients was 91% (median 42.3 months). Survival rate in cases of advanced renal carcinoma who received postoperative thermobiochemotherapy was 86% (median 54.8 months). Our results suggest that thermobiochemotherapy be indicated in children with advanced renal carcinoma.

[Use of LAK-cells and systemic chemotherapy with hyperthermia in the management of chemo-resistant tumors].

Tentative results of LAK-cell and whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) were evaluated in 19 children with advanced chemorefractory tumors. LAK-cells were obtained by extracorporeal incubation of peripheral blood lymphocytes: a germ-cell rhabdomyosarcoma was detected in 4, Askin's tumor--2--2, renal cell carcinoma--2 and miscellaneous--7. Autologous LAK-cells were infused twice: on completion of WBH as body temperature fell to as low as (+) 40 deg. C and on day after WBH. The latter was well tolerated. Complete or partial response to thermochemobiotherapy was reported in 8 patients. Overall 5-year survival was 43% (median follow-up--12.6 months).

[Effect of interleukin-2 on apoptosis and function of human lymphocytes in in-vitro cytostatics culture].

In vitro experiments were conducted to determine the impact of interleukin-2 (IL-2) on apoptosis and function of cytostatic-cultured lymphoid (mononuclear) cells (MNC) of peripheral blood from healthy subjects and children with cancer. Neither slight or any effect on vepesid-16 or carboplatin--cultured MNC apoptosis, nor any phytohemagglutinin--induced proliferation was found. By contrast, in carboplatin- cultured MNC from healthy subjects, IL-2 significantly potentiated their toxicity for tumor cells by producing interferon-gamma. It was concluded that IL-2 predominantly supported MNC functional activity rather than inhibited lymphoid MNC apoptosis in in vitro culture with cytostatic drugs.

[Salvage thermochemotherapy in advanced refractory malignant tumors in children]. / Termokhimioterapiia pri refrakternykh i daleko zashedshikh zlokachestvennykh opukholiakh u detei.

The data are presented on polychemotherapy given to 17 children with advanced refractory malignant tumors using whole body hyperthermia and hyperglycemia. All patients suffered tumor progression throughout treatment and afterwards. Adjuvant Roncoleukin (interleukin-2) was administered in 5. Such salvage therapy was followed by overall tumor regression in 29.3%. Overall 4-year survival in such cases was 19%. Immunological monitoring of adjuvant whole body hyperthermia and interleukin-2 was carried out.

[The plastic repair of extensive wound defects with vascularized flaps in treating tumors of the skin and soft tissues]. / Plastika obshirnykh ranevykh defektov vaskuliarizovannymi loskutami pri lechenii opukholei kozhi i miagkikh tkanei.

The study was concerned with comparison of the results of application of two procedures of plastic surgery using vascularized flaps for treatment of localized recurrent malignant tumors of the skin, soft tissues of the head, arms, legs and the trunk. According to one procedure (28 patients), large wound defects caused by extensive excision of tumor were treated using tissue flaps and microvascular anastomosis. In the other group of 10 patients, large defects were treated with skin-muscular flaps sitting on a fixed vascular-neural pedicle. But for these two procedures, some cases would not have been operated on at all due to considerable local extension of tumor.

[Complex treatment of locally advanced soft tissue sarcoma of the limbs]. / Kompleksnoe lechenie mestno-rasprostranennykh sarkom miagkikh tkanei konechnostei.

The experience of treatment of 40 patients with locally-advanced soft tissue sarcoma of the limbs. Treatment included preoperative chemoradiotherapy in combination with electromagnetic hyperthermia. As a result, 38 (95%) patients showed marked response which allowed radical limb-saving surgery whereas in 2 (5%) amputation was performed. Adjuvant chemotherapy was used for anaplastic tumors. Five-year survival rate was 64.7 +/- 6.7%.