Report on damage to water distribution pipes caused by the 1995 Hyogoken - Nanbu (Kobe) earthquake

The 1995 Hyogoken-nanbu (Kobe) earthquake of January 17 caused severe damage to water supply systems, especially to water pipelines. More than 4,000 incidents of damage to distribution pipes were identified and their pertinent data recorded in the Hanshin area. A total of 1.2 million customers was without water for at most 90 days in Kobe city. We investigated damage to water distribution pipes i the cities of Kobe, Ashiya, Nishinomiya, Takarazuka, Amagasaki and Osaka and the town of Hokudan-cho on AwajishimaIsland, and analyzed the collected data by using the Geographical Information System (GIS).. A database was built for damaged pipes, distribution networks, geological data of the surface layer, degree of liquefaction seismic intensity. This paper describes various modes of damage to the distribution pipes observed in this earthquake and causes revealed by this investigation.(AU)

Liquefaction-induced ground failures and displacements along the Shiribeshi-Toshibetsu river caused by the 1993 Hokkaido-nansei-oki earthquake

This paper summarizes the preliminary results of the investigation conducted so far for the above mentioned area.(AU)