Impacto en la salud integral de profesionales del área de tecnología de la información que teletrabajan durante la COVID-19 / Impact in the integral health of the workers the area technology of the information who make home office during Covid -19

Resumen Introducción: con el aislamiento social impuesto a raíz de la pandemia COVID-19, la modalidad de teletrabajo desde casa ha sido una alternativa utilizada por algunas empresas. Objetivo:determinar el impacto del trabajo a distancia sobre la salud integral de personal del área de tecnología de la información. Metodología: se realizó un estudio transversal. Por medio de la plataforma Google Forms, se envió un cuestionario semiestructurado a 150 trabajadores de tecnología de la información de un municipio de mediano porte del estado de São Paulo, para obtener información sobre las variables edad, sexo, condiciones de trabajo, salud bucal y sistémica, hábitos de higiene bucal, dolor musculoesquelético, realización de ejercicios físicos y estado emocional. Resultados: de las 116 respuestas recibidas, el 87,07 % correspondió al sexo masculino, el 100 % refirió preocupación por su salud bucal y general, un 56,03 % relató cambios en sus hábitos alimentarios, un 44,83 % incrementó el consumo de alimentos y un 77,58 % reportó preocupación y ansiedad. La prevalencia de sintomatología musculoesquelética dolorosa se manifestó en el 100 % de los encuestados, sobre todo en la región cervical (53,44 %). De forma general, se corroboró baja frecuencia de actividad física y condiciones inadecuadas para el desempeño de tareas en casa. Conclusiones: el cambio de la rutina laboral presencial por la modalidad de teletrabajo impactó significativamente en la salud de profesionales de tecnología de la información. Ante la posibilidad de mantener dicha medida a fin de disminuir la exposición y el contagio del virus, se hace necesario adoptar estrategias para preservar su bienestar integral.

Abstract Introduction: With the social isolation imposed by the Covid 19 pandemic, teleworking in the home office modality has been an alternative used by some companies. Objective: To determine the impact of this remote work on the integral health of workers. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out, through the "Google Forms" platform, a semi-structured questionnaire was elaborated that was sent to 150 information technology workers from a medium-sized municipality in the state of São Paulo, to obtain information on the variables: age, sex, working conditions, oral and systemic health, oral hygiene habits, musculoskeletal pain, physical exercises and emotional state. Results: Of the total of 116 responses received, 87.07% belonged to the male sex, 100% reported concern with their oral and general health, 56.03% reported changes in their eating habits, 44.83% increased food consumption and 77.58% reported feeling concerned and anxious. The prevalence of painful musculoskeletal symptomatology manifested in 100% of workers predominantly found in the cervical region (53.44%). In general, low frequency of physical activity and inadequate conditions for home work performance were corroborated. Conclusions: The change from the usual work routine to the home office modality (teleworking) significantly impacted the health of information technology workers. Given the possibility of maintaining this modality of remote work to reduce the exposure and spread of the virus, it is necessary to adopt strategies to preserve the integral health of these professionals.

Dentofacial Deformities and Implications on Quality of Life: A Presurgical Multifactorial Analysis in Patients Seeking Orthognathic Surgical Treatment.

PURPOSE: The purpose was to perform a quality-of-life survey in patients with skeletal malocclusion before undergoing orthognathic surgery, as well as delineate the sociodemographic profile and detect factors that may alter the quality of life. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out in patients who sought care at the Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo Medical School (N = 106; average age, 27.2 years). Participants answered the Oral Health Impact Profile 14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire and Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ). The χ2 or Fisher test was used to verify the association between impact and sociodemographic variables. RESULTS: On the Oral Health Impact Profile 14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire, the "psychological incapacity" dimension (64.15%) presented a higher prevalence of impact. The marital status of the interviewees had a statistically significant effect on the impact of quality of life (P = .0119). On the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ), the "facial esthetics" dimension represented 81.13% in the prevalence of impact on quality of life. The "gender" variable had a statistically significant effect on the quality of life of the respondents (P = .0005), with women having an 11.78 times greater chance of having this impact. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, psychological factors and esthetics exerted a strong influence on the quality of life of patients with dentofacial deformities, overlapping with functional aspects.

Evolución del sillón dental con la incorporación de elementos ergonómicos / Dentals Chair's evolution with the incorporation of ergonomics elements

Introducción: El desarrollo de la ciencia ha posibilitado la producción de equipamientos que benefician la salud de los seres humanos. A través del tiempo, la fabricación de los sillones dentales ha seguido protocolos a fin de garantizar la comodidad del paciente y del profesional. Objetivo: Describir la evolución del sillón dental y la aplicación de normas internacionales para su diseño y fabricación. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, de serie histórica. Los datos fueron obtenidos de la documentación histórica existente e imágenes fotográficas en la literatura científica. Se consultaron artículos en sitios web, BBO, Lilacs y Medline; todos relacionados con el tema de investigación. Resultados: Los sillones dentales mostraron una tendencia evolutiva significativa en los últimos años: en el inicio de la práctica odontológica, permitían el trabajo con el paciente sentado, luego aparecieron con diferentes posiciones en el espaldar y con el pasar del tiempo hubo un aumento de los dispositivos y control de los movimientos de cabezal, brazos, asiento y espaldar, lo cual posibilitó la realización de actividades con el paciente acostado. En el proceso de la evolución de los sillones, en relación con su diseño y construcción se siguen normas internacionales que garantizan la calidad y confort de estos, lo que ha sido satisfactorio en la disminución de afectaciones musculoesqueléticas de los profesionales dentistas. Conclusiones: A pesar de la existencia de las nuevas tecnologías establecidas, es preciso continuar incorporando elementos ergonómicos que produzcan el máximo de confort al profesional/paciente a fin de optimizar el trabajo odontológico(AU)

Introduction: The development of science has enabled the production of equipment that benefits the health of human beings. Over the course of time, the manufacturing of dental chairs has followed protocols in order to ensure the comfort of the patient and the professional. Objective: To describe the evolution of the dental chair and the application of international standards for its design and manufacture. Method: This is a descriptive study, of historical series. The data was obtained from the existing historical documentation and photographic images in the scientific literature, articles were consulted on websites, BBO, Lilacs and Medline, all related to the research topic. Results: Dental chairs showed a significant evolutionary tendency in the last years: at the beginning of the dental practice, they allowed the work with the patient sitting, then they appeared with different positions in the back and with the passage of time there was an increase of the devices and control of movements of head, arms, seat and back, making possible activities with the patient lying down. In the process of the evolution of the chairs, in relation to their design and construction, international standards are followed to guarantee the quality and comfort of these, which has been satisfactory in the reduction of musculoskeletal affectations of the dentist professionals. Conclusions: Despite of the existence of the new established technologies, it is necessary to continue incorporating ergonomic elements that produce maximum comfort to the professional and the patient in order to optimize the dental work(AU)

Percepção das precauções padrão, prática do reencape de agulhas e condutas frente a acidente com material biológico de equipes de saúde bucal do serviço público odontológico / Perception of the standard precautions, practice of re-capping of needles and practices when facing an accident involving biological material of dental health teams at dental public service

Resumo: O presente estudo objetivou verificar o conhecimento e adesão às precauções padrão (PP), em especial a prática de não reencapar agu lhas; as ações a serem tomadas diante acidentes e aspectos relativos à prevenção de infecções, pelas equipes de saúde bucal da rede públi ca de um município do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Também observar os materiais descartados nos recipientes do grupo E em todas as unidades de atendimento odontológico do município. Aplicou-se um questionário semiestruturado, com perguntas direcionadas ao tema. Dos 79 pesquisados, 60 responderam ao questionário, onde 33 (55%) eram cirurgiões-dentistas. 34 (56,6%) profissionais não sabiam o que eram as PP e 43 (71,6%) afirmaram reencapar agulhas. 27 (44,9%) já sofreram algum tipo de acidente com material perfurocortante, contaminado ou sangue e 44 (73,3%) desconheciam ou se equivocaram sobre quais os cuidados imediatos em caso de exposição cutânea ou percutânea. Em relação à análise dos recipientes de descarte, observaram-se 5.193 agulhas descartadas, sendo 3.790 (73%) reencapadas em um, ou ambos os lados. Também o descarte incorreto de materiais não perfurocortantes. Conclui-se que existe falha no conhecimento sobre precauções padrão e condutas em casos de acidentes com mate rial biológico, além do incorreto descarte de materiais nos recipientes do grupo E.

Abstract: This study aimed to verify the knowledge and adoption of the stan dard precautions (PP), especially in the practice of not re-capping needles; the actions to be taken in relation to accidents and aspects related to the prevention of infections, by the dental health teams of the public service of a city in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. We also assessed the materials discarded in the containers of group E in all dental care units of the city. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied, with questions about the theme. Of the 79 subjects surveyed, 60 answered the questionnaire, where 33 (55%) were dental surgeons. 34 (56.6%) professionals did not know what PP were and 43 (71.6%) reported re-capping needles. 27 (44.9%) had already suffered some kind of accident with sharp tools or contaminated material with blood and 44 (73.3%) were unaware or made mistakes about the immediate care in case of skin or percutaneous exposure. Regarding the analysis of the disposal containers, 5,193 discarded needles were observed, of which 3,790 (73%) were re-capped on one or both sides. Also, we observed the improper disposal of non- sharps material. We concluded that there is a lack of knowledge about standard precautions and conducts in cases of accidents with biological material, besides the incorrect disposal of materials in the containers of group E.

Discriminación y prejuicio. La influencia del VIH/SIDA y la Hepatitis B en la actitud de los académicos en odontología / Discrimination and Prejudice. The Influence of HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis B in the Attitude of Dentistry Academics / Discriminação e preconceito. A influência de HIV/SIDA e Hepatite B na atitude dos acadêmicos em odontologia

Resumen Introducción: la Hepatitis B y el Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida (SIDA) son enfermedades virales de destaque en salud pública, debido a sus elevados índices epidemiológicos. La representación de ellas genera actitudes discriminatorias y prejuiciosas, principalmente en el acceso a servicios de salud. El objetivo es evaluar el conocimiento de las enfermedades y la existencia de actitudes discriminatorias de los académicos en odontología frente a la presencia del SIDA y Hepatitis B. Materiales y métodos: estudio exploratorio de corte transversal realizado en una facultad pública de odontología, con una muestra compuesta por 462 (88 %) académicos que aceptaron participar de la investigación. Para recolectar los datos, sé utilizado un cuestionario semiestructurado autoaplicable, creado para este estudio; para su análisis, se usó el test chi-cuadrado de proporciones, con nivel de significancia de 5 %. Resultados: se verificó que, aunque la mayoría de los académicos afirma tener conocimiento sobre el SIDA y la Hepatitis B, apenas el 58.9 % y el 55.8 %, respectivamente, acertaron sus agentes etiológicos. Sobre las actitudes de los académicos frente al tratamiento odontológico de pacientes infectados por el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) y de Hepatitis B (VHB) 85,3 % y 91,8 %, respectivamente, afirman atender; sin embargo, parte considerable de los alumnos piensa que existen diferencias en conductas clínicas a seguir. Conclusión: existen lagunas en el conocimiento de los graduados con relación al SIDA y Hepatitis B. Las actitudes de los alumnos, en la atención odontológica de pacientes infectados, fueron consideradas discriminatorias, con mayor expresividad en el recelo en ser atendido por un profesional infectado, en lugar de tratar pacientes enfermos.

Abstract Introduction: Hepatitis B and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are viral diseases of great public health importance due to their high epidemiological indexes. The representation of these diseases generates discriminatory and prejudiced attitudes, mainly in the access to health services. The objective is to assess the current knowledge and the existence of discrimination by the attitudes of dentistry academics when facing HIV/AIDS and hepatitis. Materials and methods: This is an exploratory cross-sectional study conducted in a public college of dentistry. The sample consisted of 462 (88 %) academics who agreed to participate. In data collection, we used a semi-structured questionnaire, created for this study. In the data analysis, we used the chi-square test of proportions, the significance level was 5 %. Results: It was found that, although the majority of the students affirm that they knew or have had some information about aids and Hepatitis B, only 58.9 % and 55.8 %, respectively, actually had some knowledge on etiological agents. On the attitudes of students in dental treatment practice asked if they would accept treating patients infected with HIV and HBV, the acceptance of treatment performance reached 85.3 % and 91.8 %, respectively. However, a considerable part of the students believed that there are differences in clinical procedures to be followed. Conclusion: There are students' knowledge gaps in relation to AIDS and Hepatitis B. The attitudes of students, contrasted to the given dental care for patients infected, were considered discriminatory; in addition, there was a greater fear of being assisted by an infected professional, instead of having this infected professional treat sick dentistry patients.

Resumo Introdução: a Hepatite B e o Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida (SIDA) são doenças virais de destaque em saúde pública, devido a seus elevados índices epidemiológicos. A representação delas gera atitudes discriminatórias e preconceituosas, principalmente no acesso a serviços de saúde. O objetivo é avaliar o conhecimento das doenças e existência de atitudes discriminatórias dos acadêmicos em odontologia frente à representação do SIDA e Hepatite B. Materiais e métodos: estudo exploratório de corte transversal realizado em uma faculdade pública de odontologia, com amostra composta por 462 (88%) acadêmicos que aceitaram participar da pesquisa. Para recolher os dados foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado autoaplicável, criado para este estudo. Para analisar os dados se utilizou o teste qui-quadrado de proporções, com nível de significância de 5 %. Resultados: verificou-se que, ainda que a maioria dos acadêmicos afirma ter conhecimento sobre o SIDA e a Hepatite B, apenas 58.9 % e 55.8% respectivamente, acertaram seus agentes etiológicos. Sobre as atitudes dos acadêmicos frente ao tratamento odontológico de pacientes infetados pelo Vírus de Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) e de Hepatite B (VHB) 85.3% e 91.8 %, respectivamente, afirmam atender, no entanto, parte considerável dos alunos considera que existem diferenças em condutas clínicas a seguir. Conclusão: existem lacunas no conhecimento dos formados com relação ao SIDA e à Hepatite B. As atitudes dos alunos na atenção odontológica de pacientes infetados, foram consideradas discriminatórias com maior expressividade no receio em ser atendidos por um profissional infetado, em vez de tratar pacientes doentes.

Análisis de la cumplimentación de certificados médicos por estudiantes y profesionales de odontología / Analysis of filling out dental certificates by dental students and professionals

Resumen: Este estudio tuvo el objetivo de analizar y comparar la cumplimentación de certificados médicos por estudiantes del cuarto año del curso de Odontología de una universidad pública brasileña y por profesionales de cursos de especialización específicos del área. Entre 2014 y 2016, se dejó a los encuestados una hoja de papel en blanco en cuyo encabezamiento sólo constaba la palabra "Certificado", a fin de que se lo elaboraran de la manera que juzgaran más adecuada. Se utilizó test para comparación de dos proporciones y Test de Chi- Cuadrado con nivel de significación del 5%. Participaron de la inves tigación 336 individuos, de los cuales 167 (49,7%) eran estudiantes y 169 (50,3%), profesionales de cursos de especialización de la Facultad de Odontología de Araçatuba. Solamente 73 (21,7%) individuos ela boraron el certificado correctamente. Entre los errores de los estu diantes se destaca la inserción de la Clasificación Estadística Interna cional de Enfermedades sin el consentimiento del paciente, y, de los profesionales, la falta del Documento Nacional de Identidad. Hubo diferencia estadística significativa entre las categorías respecto a la correcta cumplimentación del certificado (p=0). Se concluyó que una parte considerable de los encuestados rellena los certificados odonto lógicos incorrectamente, con menores errores entre los estudiantes de Odontología.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to analyze and compare the filling of the dental certificates by the students of the fourth year of the den tistry course of a Brazilian public university and professionals of specialization courses in the area. The respondents were given a blank sheet written "Certificate", for them to fill out. The period analyzed was from 2014 to 2016. The test was used to compare two proportions and the chi-square test, with a significance level of 5%. A total of 336 individuals participated in the study, of which 167 (49.7%) were fourth year students of the Dentistry course and 169 (50.3%) professionals of specialization courses of the School of Dentistry of Araçatuba. Only 73 (21.7%) correctly filled the certificate. Among the errors, we emphasize the students' insertion of the International Statistical Clas sification of Diseases without the patient's consent and among profes sionals the lack of the General Registry. There was a significant statis tical difference between the categories regarding the correct filling of the certificate (p = 0). We concluded that the dental certificates are filled incorrectly by a considerable portion of the respondents, with minor errors among dentistry students.

O reencape de agulhas e descarte de resíduos odontológicos do Grupo E por estudantes de uma universidade pública brasileira / Manejo de agujas y deseche de residuos odontológicos del grupo e por estudiantes de una universidad pública brasileña / Handling of needles and dental waste disposal of group e by students of a Brazilian public university

RESUMO A prática da odontologia predispõe o académico a sofrer acidente com material biológico. Objetivou-se neste trabalho verificar a adesão às precauções padrão, em especial a recomendação de não reencapar agu lhas, bem como o descarte de resíduos odontológicos nos recipientes do grupo E, baseado no comportamento revelado pelos estudantes de odontologia de uma universidade pública brasileira. Coletaram-se todos os recipientes de descarte utilizados no ano de 2016 nas clínicas da faculdade, os quais foram levados para sala de expurgo para análise. Inicialmente, realizou-se a separação das agulhas conforme o tipo de reencape e também de outros materiais descartados. Posteriormente, procedeu-se à contagem das agulhas colocadas sobre uma bancada forrada, com a ajuda de uma pinça longa. No total, foram analisados 111 recipientes de descarte do grupo E, com 6.729 agulhas descartadas. Destas, 1.078 (16%) estavam reencapadas nos dois lados, 1.960 (29,1%) em um lado e 3.691 (54,9%) sem reencape. Além disso, foram observa dos diferentes materiais não perfurocortantes descartados, incluindo películas radiográficas e dentes humanos. Conclui-se que a adesão dos estudantes às precauções padrão, especialmente à recomendação de não reencapar agulhas, é baixo. Os recipientes de descarte de perfurocortan-tes estão sendo utilizados de maneira incorreta.

RESUMEN La práctica de la Odontología predispone el estudiante a accidentes con material biológico. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar la adhesión de alumnos a las precauciones estándares, en especial la recomendación en el manejo de agujas, así como el deseche de residuos odontológicos en recipientes del grupo E, basado en el comportamiento revelado por los estudiantes de odontología de una universidad pública brasileña. Se recolectaron todos los recipientes de deseche utilizados en el año de 2016 en las clínicas de la facultad, los que se llevaron para el sector de expur go para análisis. Se separaron las agujas según el tipo de manejo y también otros materiales desechados. Se procedió el contaje de agujas sobre una bancada forrada con ayuda de una tenaza larga. En el total, se analizaron 111 recipientes de deseche del grupo E, con 6.729 agujas desechadas. De esas, 1.078 (16%) mantenían su capuchón plástico en ambos lados, 1.960 (29,1%) en solo un lado y 3.691 (54,9%) no tenían su capuchón. Además, se observaron diferentes materiales punzocortantes desechados, entre ellos películas radiográficas y dientes humanos. Se concluye que la adhesión de los estudiantes a las precauciones estánda res, en especial a la recomendación de no manejar agujas, es baja. Los recipientes de deseche de punzocortantes están siendo utilizados de manera incorrecta.

Violencia contra la mujer: levantamiento de casos registrados en una Comisaría del Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil / Violence Against Woman: Survey of the Registered Cases in a Police Station at Minas Gerais State / Violência contra a mulher: levantamento de casos registrados em uma Delegacia do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil

Resumen Introducción: la violencia contra las mujeres es muy significativa, pues comprende una problemática que no se restringe solo a determinadas regiones, sino que posee alcance mundial. Este estudio transversal cuantitativo tuvo como objetivo identificar el perfil de los agresores y de las víctimas y caracterizar las agresiones. Materiales y métodos: se realizó el levantamiento de datos en una comisaría de mujeres, ancianos y niños de un municipio del oeste del estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para el análisis descriptivo fueron evaluadas las variables: tipo de agresión, sexo de la víctima, sexo del agresor, grado de parentesco, edad de la víctima, edad del agresor, fecha de la agresión, hora de la agresión, motivación para la agresión, zona corporal afectada y recidiva. Se analizaron los registros de ocurrencias fechados de julio a diciembre de 2013. Resultados: se observó la existencia de 247 registros de violencia contra mujeres. En su mayoría, las víctimas eran mujeres jóvenes, entre 20-35 años de edad (77%). El agresor, en el 89,8% de los casos, era del sexo masculino, con franja etaria entre 28-45 años (82%). Las agresiones ocurrían por la tarde (31%) y noche (30%). La forma de violencia predominante fue la verbal (48,4%). El motivo que más generaba violencia era el intento de la pareja de poner fin a su relación sentimental (35 %). Se resalta que hubo recidiva en las situaciones de agresión en el 54,5 % de las ocurrencias. Conclusión: son elevados los índices de violencia contra las mujeres en este municipio de Minas Gerais. Se recomienda mejorar la calidad de vida de las mujeres victimizadas, ya que esta es una de las mejores estrategias para combatir la violencia contra las mujeres.

Abstract Introduction: Violence against women is very significant, it comprehends an environment that is not restricted to certain regions, but has a global reach. This cross-sectional and quantitative study is aimed to identify the profiles of the aggressors and the attacked victims, also to characterize the aggressions. Materials and methods: The survey was conducted in a women's, elderly and children's police station in the western state of the city Minas Gerais. For the descriptive analysis, the variables evaluated were: type of aggression, gender of the victim, gender of the aggressor, degree of kinship, age of the victim, age of the aggressor, date of the aggression, time of the aggression, motivation for the aggression, localizations of the lesions and the existence of recurrence. The occurrence records from July to December 2012 belonging to this unit were analyzed. Results: There were 247 records of violence against women. These victims were mostly young women between 20-35 years of age (77%). The aggressor in 89,8% of cases were male, aged between 28 and 45 years (82%). The aggressions occurred mostly during the evening (31%) and night (30%). The most prevalent form of violence against women was verbal (48,4%). It was also verified that the motive for the violence was linked to the end of a relationship (35%). It is important to highlight that the aggression situations were recurrent in more than half of the cases (54,5%). Conclusion: The rates of violence against women were high in this specific state of Minas Gerais. Which suggests improving the quality of life of the victims is a far more effective strategy to combat violence against women.

Resumo Introdução: a violência contra mulheres é muito significativa, pois compreende uma problemática que não se restringe só a determinadas regiões, mas que possui alcance mundial. Este estudo transversal quantitativo teve como objetivo identificar o perfil dos agressores e das vítimas e caracterizar as agressões. Materiais e metodos: realizou-se o levantamento de dados em uma Delegacia de Mulheres, Idosos e Crianças de um município do oeste do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para a análise descritiva foram avaliadas as variáveis: tipo de agressão, sexo da vítima, sexo do agressor, grau de parentesco, idade da vítima, idade do agressor, data da agressão, hora da agressão, motivação para a agressão, zona corporal afetada e recidiva. Analisaram-se os registros de ocorrências datadas de julho a dezembro de 2013. Resultados: observou-se a existência de 247 registros de violência contra mulheres. Na maioria, as vítimas eram mulheres jovens, entre 20-35 anos de idade (77%). O agressor, no 89,8% dos casos, era do sexo masculino, com faixa etária entre 28-45 anos (82%). As agressões ocorriam pela tarde (31%) e pela noite (30%) a forma de violência predominante foi a verbal (48,4%). O motivo que mais gerava violência era a tentativa do casal de pôr fim à sua relação sentimental (35%). Ressalta-se que houve recidiva nas situações de agressão no 54,5 das ocorrências. Conclusão: são elevados os índices de violência contra mulheres neste município de Minas Gerais. Recomenda-se o desenvolvimento de estratégias mais efetivas no combate à violência contra mulheres, com prioridade à prevenção e qualidade de vida das mulheres vitimizadas.

La violencia intrafamiliar y los procesos notificatorios bajo la óptica del profesional de salud pública / Family violence and the notification processes according to the viewpoint of a public health professional

Objetivo: Evaluar la percepción y el conocimiento de los profesionales del área de la salud sobre la violencia intrafamiliar y el proceso de notificación obligatoria. Métodos: Estudio exploratorio transversal, cuantitativo y cualitativo, con 84 profesionales de la salud y del servicio público de dos municipios del estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Para la colecta de datos se utilizó una encuesta con preguntas abiertas y cerradas. Para El análisis estadístico de las variables cuantitativas. se utilizo el test Chi-Cuadrado de Pearson. Resultados: Se verificó que el 53,57 por ciento de los entrevistados ya habían asistido algún tipo de violencia en su puesto de trabajo, siendo las principales víctimas los niños, mujeres y adultos ancianos. Cuando se les preguntó si deberían hacer algo respecto en los casos de violencia, el 78,31 por ciento contesto que sí, sin embargo, cuando se les preguntó qué podrían hacer, el 31 por ciento no supo contestar y solo el 7 por ciento mencionó la notificación. Se encontraron asociaciones significativas entre el tiempo de trabajo en el servicio público y las siguientes variables: conocimiento de la legislación en casos de violencia (p= 0,0083), el acto notificatorio (p= 0,0356) y la ficha de notificación obligatoria (p= 0,0030). Conclusión: Los profesionales de salud tienen dificultades para diagnosticar los casos de violencia y en la ejecución de las atribuciones necesarias para el manejo de tales problemas, como la notificación obligatoria(AU)

Objective: To evaluate the perception and knowledge of health professionals on domestic violence and the compulsory notification process. Methods: Cross-sectional, exploratory, quantitative and qualitative study of 84 health professionals from the public health service in two municipalities of Sao Paulo, Brazil. For data collection, we used an open and closed question survey. The statistical analysis used the Pearson´s chi-square test for association analysis of quantitative variables. Results: The analysis of the responses yielded that 53.57 percent of respondents have witnessed some form of violence in their workplace, being children, women and elderly the main victims. When they were asked whether they should do something about violence, 78.31 percent agreed; however, in relation to what should be done, 31 percent could not answer and just 7 percent cited the notification. Significant associations were found between length of working time in public service and the following variables: the legal knowledge in violence cases (p= 0.0083), the notifying act (p= 0.0356) and the compulsory notification form (p= 0.0030). Conclusions: Health professionals face difficulties in diagnosing violence cases, as well as the performance of tasks required for the management of such problems as it happens with compulsory notification(AU)

Sustentabilidade ambiental: gerenciamento de resíduos odontológicos no Serviço Público / Sostenibilidad ambiental: gestión de residuos odontológicos en el Servicio Público / Environmental sustainability: dental waste management in the public service

Introdução: os Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde constituem um grande problema para a sociedade e para o meio ambiente, e o conhecimento de seu correto manejo é imprescindível para a formação do profissional da saúde. Objetivo: verificar o conhecimento dos profissionais de Odontologia atuantes nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde de municípios do noroeste do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, sobre o correto manejo dos Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde. Métodos: o instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário semiestruturado, preenchido durante as visitas nos estabelecimentos de saúde, a fim de verificar a conformidade do processo de gerenciamento de resíduos Odontológicos. Realizou-se análise descritiva. Além disso, aplicaram-se os testes do qui-quadrado e o Exato de Fisher para verificar associação entre o conhecimento do descarte de resíduos e a informação sobre o tema, ao nível de significância de 1 porcento. As análises foram realizadas no programa BioEstat 5.0. Resultado: do total (n= 74) dos profissionais, a maioria (97,3 porcento) diz saber o que são Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde e todos acreditam que eles podem fazem mal a saúde. No entanto, 41,9 porcento não responderam de forma correta como descartar os sugadores e luvas infectados e 20,3 porcento sobre o descarte de perfurocortantes. Em relação à informação sobre o tema, 40,5 porcento não obtiveram. Conclusão: o conhecimento sobre o correto descarte dos Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde por esses profissionais ainda é falho. Isso reflete a importância de capacitar os profissionais e propor formas de gerenciamento adequadas dos Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde(AU)

Introducción: los residuos de servicios de salud son un grave problema para la sociedad y el medio ambiente, y el conocimiento de su correcta gestión es esencial para la formación de los profesionales de la salud. Objetivo: evaluar el conocimiento de los profesionales de Odontología que trabajan en las Unidades Básicas de Salud de los municipios en el noroeste de São Paulo, Brasil, sobre el manejo adecuado de los residuos de servicios de salud. Métodos: el instrumento de recolección de datos fue un cuestionario semiestructurado, completado durante las visitas a los centros de salud, con el fin de verificar la conformidad del proceso de gestión de residuos dentales. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo. Además, se aplicó la prueba de chi cuadrado y exacta de Fisher para determinar la asociación entre la eliminación de residuos y los conocimientos e información sobre el tema, considerándose un nivel de significación del 1 por ciento. Los análisis se realizaron en BioEstat 5.0. Resultados: del total (n= 74) de los profesionales, la mayoría (97,3 por ciento) afirmó no saber cuáles son los residuos de servicios de salud y todos creyeron que pueden hacer mal a la salud. Sin embargo, el 41,9 por ciento no contestó correctamente sobre la eliminación de dispositivos de succión y guantes infectados, y el 20,3 por ciento sobre la eliminación de objetos punzantes. Con respecto a la información sobre el tema, el 40,5 por ciento no la obtuvo. Conclusiones: el conocimiento sobre la eliminación adecuada de los residuos de servicios de salud por estos profesionales todavía es deficiente. Esto refleja la importancia de la capacitación de los profesionales y proponer formas de gestión adecuadas de los residuos de servicios de salud(AU)

Introduction: medical waste is a serious problem for both society and the environment, and knowledge about its proper management is essential for the training of health care professionals. Objective: evaluate knowledge among dental professionals working in Basic Health Units from municipalities in northeast Sao Paulo, Brazil, about proper management of medical waste. Methods: the data collection tool used was a semi-structured questionnaire completed during visits to the health centers, aimed at verifying the adequacy of dental waste management. A descriptive analysis was performed. Additionally, chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were applied to determine the association between waste disposal, and knowledge and information about the subject, using a significance level of 1 percent. Analyses were conducted on BioEstat 5.0. Results: of the total professionals (n= 74), most (97.3 percent) stated not knowing which are the medical wastes, and all believed that they may be harmful to health. However, 41.9 percent did not provide a correct answer about disposal of infected gloves and suction devices, and 20.3 percent about sharps disposal. With respect to information about the subject, 40.5 percent did not obtain it. Conclusions: knowledge about proper disposal of medical waste is still deficient among these professionals, pointing to the importance of professional training and of proposing forms of proper management of medical waste(AU)

Sustentabilidade ambiental: gerenciamento de resíduos odontológicos no Serviço Público / Sostenibilidad ambiental: gestión de residuos odontológicos en el Servicio Público / Environmental sustainability: dental waste management in the public service

Introdução: os Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde constituem um grande problema para a sociedade e para o meio ambiente, e o conhecimento de seu correto manejo é imprescindível para a formação do profissional da saúde. Objetivo: verificar o conhecimento dos profissionais de Odontologia atuantes nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde de municípios do noroeste do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, sobre o correto manejo dos Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde. Métodos: o instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário semiestruturado, preenchido durante as visitas nos estabelecimentos de saúde, a fim de verificar a conformidade do processo de gerenciamento de resíduos Odontológicos. Realizou-se análise descritiva. Além disso, aplicaram-se os testes do qui-quadrado e o Exato de Fisher para verificar associação entre o conhecimento do descarte de resíduos e a informação sobre o tema, ao nível de significância de 1 porcento. As análises foram realizadas no programa BioEstat 5.0. Resultado: do total (n= 74) dos profissionais, a maioria (97,3 porcento) diz saber o que são Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde e todos acreditam que eles podem fazem mal a saúde. No entanto, 41,9 porcento não responderam de forma correta como descartar os sugadores e luvas infectados e 20,3 porcento sobre o descarte de perfurocortantes. Em relação à informação sobre o tema, 40,5 porcento não obtiveram. Conclusão: o conhecimento sobre o correto descarte dos Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde por esses profissionais ainda é falho. Isso reflete a importância de capacitar os profissionais e propor formas de gerenciamento adequadas dos Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde(AU)

Introducción: los residuos de servicios de salud son un grave problema para la sociedad y el medio ambiente, y el conocimiento de su correcta gestión es esencial para la formación de los profesionales de la salud. Objetivo: evaluar el conocimiento de los profesionales de Odontología que trabajan en las Unidades Básicas de Salud de los municipios en el noroeste de São Paulo, Brasil, sobre el manejo adecuado de los residuos de servicios de salud. Métodos: el instrumento de recolección de datos fue un cuestionario semiestructurado, completado durante las visitas a los centros de salud, con el fin de verificar la conformidad del proceso de gestión de residuos dentales. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo. Además, se aplicó la prueba de chi cuadrado y exacta de Fisher para determinar la asociación entre la eliminación de residuos y los conocimientos e información sobre el tema, considerándose un nivel de significación del 1 por ciento. Los análisis se realizaron en BioEstat 5.0. Resultados: del total (n= 74) de los profesionales, la mayoría (97,3 por ciento) afirmó no saber cuáles son los residuos de servicios de salud y todos creyeron que pueden hacer mal a la salud. Sin embargo, el 41,9 por ciento no contestó correctamente sobre la eliminación de dispositivos de succión y guantes infectados, y el 20,3 por ciento sobre la eliminación de objetos punzantes. Con respecto a la información sobre el tema, el 40,5 por ciento no la obtuvo. Conclusiones: el conocimiento sobre la eliminación adecuada de los residuos de servicios de salud por estos profesionales todavía es deficiente. Esto refleja la importancia de la capacitación de los profesionales y proponer formas de gestión adecuadas de los residuos de servicios de salud(AU)

Introduction: medical waste is a serious problem for both society and the environment, and knowledge about its proper management is essential for the training of health care professionals. Objective: evaluate knowledge among dental professionals working in Basic Health Units from municipalities in northeast Sao Paulo, Brazil, about proper management of medical waste. Methods: the data collection tool used was a semi-structured questionnaire completed during visits to the health centers, aimed at verifying the adequacy of dental waste management. A descriptive analysis was performed. Additionally, chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were applied to determine the association between waste disposal, and knowledge and information about the subject, using a significance level of 1 percent. Analyses were conducted on BioEstat 5.0. Results: of the total professionals (n= 74), most (97.3 percent) stated not knowing which are the medical wastes, and all believed that they may be harmful to health. However, 41.9 percent did not provide a correct answer about disposal of infected gloves and suction devices, and 20.3 percent about sharps disposal. With respect to information about the subject, 40.5 percent did not obtain it. Conclusions: knowledge about proper disposal of medical waste is still deficient among these professionals, pointing to the importance of professional training and of proposing forms of proper management of medical waste(AU)

Musculoskeletal disorders and perception of working conditions: A survey of Brazilian dentists in São Paulo.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders amongst dentists who work in public clinics in São Paulo, Brazil, to investigate their awareness of the presence of risk factors in the workplace, disability due to pain, and the influence of pain on this awareness and disability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 204 dentists who work in public health clinics in the northwest of São Paulo, Brazil. The data was collected through interviews, using the Nordic Questionnaire and the Work-Related Activities that May Contribute to Job-Related Pain Questionnaire. In the case of workers who reported pain, the Pain Disability Questionnaire (PDQ) and the Numeric Pain Scale were also administered. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 21.0. RESULTS: Most dentists (81.4%) had musculoskeletal disorders, especially in the neck, shoulders and lower back. We found that the presence of symptoms in the neck (15.7%), shoulders (12.7%) and lower back (15.7%) were the major causes of absenteeism over the past 12 months. Occupational risk factors perceived as the most problematic ones were: bending or twisting the back in an awkward way, continuing to work when injured or hurt and working in the same position for long periods. Comparison between the symptomatic and asymptomatic dentists showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in the perception of occupational risk factors. The analysis of the intensity of pain and disability with PDQ in the symptomatic dentists showed an average pain intensity of 3.8. Mean scores of the PDQ total (11.46) and its dimensions - functional condition (7.1) and psychosocial condition (4.4) - suggest a moderate disability in the dental surgeons. There was a strong t correlation (r = 0.697) between pain intensity and the total score of disability caused by pain. CONCLUSIONS: Pain and work-related musculoskeletal disorders interfere significantly with the dentists' lives. In the case of dental surgeons there is a significant correlation between pain intensity and disability. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(3):367-377.

Absentismo laboral por patología odontológica y médica en una industria de gran porte del sector mecánico y mueblero / Absenteeism by medical and dental pathologies in a large industry of the mechanical and furniture field

INTRODUCCIÓN: La legislación vigente brasileña establece que, en las industrias, los servicios de salud se realizan por el Servicio Especializado en Ingeniería de Seguridad y en Medicina del Trabajo (SESMT). OBJETIVO: Analizar las causas del absentismo por razones odontológicas y médicas y verificar la interferencia de factores como edad, sexo y función del trabajador, además de razones que más llevaron al empleado a ausentarse de su trabajo. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: La investigación es un estudio descriptivo de abordaje cuantitativo. Se examinaron los certificados odontológicos y médicos y declaraciones de comparecencia debidamente homologados de una industria del sector acrílico del municipio de Araçatuba-SP, en el periodo de enero a julio de 2011. RESULTADOS: Del total de certificados (n=1841), solo 103 (5,6%) presentaron razones odontológicas. Se observó predominancia de franja etaria de 20 a 29 años, sexo masculino y función no administrativa. Las causas odontológicas y médicas más comunes indicadas en los certificados que llevaron al funcionario a ausentarse del trabajo fueron "dientes incluidos e impactados" y "diarrea y gastroenteritis de origen infeccioso presumible", respectivamente. Sobre los factores relacionados al absentismo, se observó un índice de gravedad de 2,83, de frecuencia de 1,33 y la duración media de ausencias de 2,12. CONCLUSIONES: Se concluye que las razones odontológicas tuvieron poca importancia sobre el total de ausencias por motivos de enfermedad, además que provocaron el ausentismo del trabajador por un periodo menor. Las variables edad y función no influyeron en la ocurrencia del absentismo en el trabajo

INTRODUCTION: The current Brazilian legislation states that health services must be performed by the Specialized Service of Safety Engineering and Labor Medicine (SESMT). OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dental and medical reasons for absenteeism, checking the interference of factors such as age, gender and position of the worker, and most of the reasons that led the employee to miss work. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research appears as a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The dental and medical certificates and statements of attendance were analyzed, duly approved, lodged in a acrylic industry in the city of Araçatuba-SP, from January to July 2011. RESULTS: Of the total number of certificates (n = 1841), only 103 (5.6%) were for dental reasons. Predominance of the age group of 20-29 years, males and with non-administrative function. The reasons most dental and medical certificates stated that led the workers to miss working days were "inclusive and impacted teeth" and "diarrhea and gastroenteritis of presumed infectious origin", respectively. As to factors related to absenteeism, there was a severity index of 2.83, 1.33 frequency and average duration of absences of 2.12. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that dental reasons had little weight on total absences due to illness that caused the temporary leave of the worker for a shorter period. The age and function variables influence the occurrence of work absenteeism

Prevalência de acidentes com material biológico em um municipio do noroeste de São Paulo, Brasil, no periodo de 2007 a 2011 / Prevalence of accidents with biological material in a northwest area town of São Paulo state, Brazil, From 2007 to 2011

OBJETIVOU-SE nesse trabalho verificar a prevalência das notificares de acidentes envolvendo material biológico que acometeram os profissionais da área da saúde, em especial de saúde bucal, em um municipio da região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. A cole­ta dos dados foi realizada por meio das notificações de acidentes de trabalho com material biológico no periodo de 2007 a 2011. Do total de notificações (n=377), 353 (93,6%) eram de profissionais do sexo feminino. O tipo de exposição mais relatada foi á percutânea 359 (95,2%) e o sangue o material biológico referido na maioria das noti­ficações 334 (88,6%). Apenas 21 (5,6%) notificações eram da equipe odontológica, sendo que o acidente ocorreu na maior parte com o cirurgiãodentista 14 (66,7%) e durante procedimentos clinicos 16 (76,2%). A prevalência das notificações de acidente com material biológico entre as equipes odontológicas foi pequena nesse periodo, sugerindo a possibilidade de haver subnotificação; além de ser obser­vado o preenchimento incompleto da mesma. (Jefferson R, Saliba S, Ísper A, Vicente P, Saliba C, 2014. Prevalência de Acidentes Com Material Biológico em um Municipio do Noroeste de São Paulo, Brasil, no Periodo de 2007 a 2011.

THE OBJECTIVE of this study is to determine the prevalence of reports of accidents involving biological material which affected health professionals, especially dental health ones, in a city in the north­western region of São Paulo State, Brazil. Data collection was con­ducted through the notification of accidents with biological material from 2007 to 2011. There were 377 notifications, in which 353 (93.6%) had female professionals involved. The most reported type of exposure was the percutaneous in 359 cases (95.2%) followed by blood in 334 cases (88.6%) which is the most mentioned biological material in the reports. Only 21 (5.6%) notifications were from den­tal staff and occurred mostly with the dentist, 14 times (66.7%) and 16 times (76.2%) during clinical procedures. The prevalence of bio­logical accidents among dental teams was little in this time, which suggests the possibility of underreporting, in addition to being sub­ject to the partial fulfillment of the same.

Early correction of malocclusion using planas direct tracks.

The correction of functional posterior crossbite through Planas Direct Tracks has many characteristics that can become advantages. The aim of this study was to present a clinical case showing how to use this procedure for early correction with resources available through public health services. The patient, a 4-year-old girl, arrived to receive treatment due to a functional unilateral crossbite. When the mandible was moved to the centric position, it was observed that the teeth had occlusal trauma. An occlusal adjustment was performed. The adjustment was not sufficient to promote functional equilibrium; thus, Planas Direct Tracks were made, resulting in functional equilibrium and correction of the malocclusion. As shown in the case report, the Planas Direct Tracks were effective for the correction of the posterior crossbite. If malocclusion is considered a public health problem, implementation of low-cost and easy-to-execute techniques is needed.

Burnout en estudiantes de odontología: evaluación a través mbi - versión estudiantes / urnout in brazilian dental students: assessment mbi - estudent survey

La odontología se ha configurado como una profesión estresante en todas las fases de la carrera. El objetivo de este trabajo fue averiguar la presencia y nivel del síndrome de Burnout en estudiantes, comparando al inicio y fin de la graduación y verificar la correlación entre las sub-escalas y el conjunto de variables socio-demográficas. Fue realizado un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo y transversal con una muestra de 174 estudiantes de diferentes períodos del curso, utilizándose dos instrumentos, uno con preguntas socio-demográficas y el MBI-SS. De los 174 estudiantes participantes del estudio, 112 (64.37%) eran del sexo femenino y 62 (35.63%) del sexo masculino. No hubo diferencia significativa entre las dimensiones de Burnout y el género (p>0.05). Hubo correlación entre agotamiento emocional (p<0.01), incredulidad (p<0.05), eficacia profesional (p<0,01) y el año en que el alumno está matriculado en el curso, siendo que graduandos en el período pre-clínico presentaron media más elevada en los dos primeros ítems de la escala y media inferior en el tercero ítem en relación a aquellos que actúan en la clínica. El nivel de agotamiento emocional se mostró significativo. La correlación entre los tres niveles de burnout y el período pre-clínico es un hecho que debe ser observado (AU)

The Dentistry is considerably stressful profession in all career phases. The aim of this study was verify the presence and level of Burnout syndrome in students, to compare it in the beginning and in the end of graduation course and verify the correlation among subscales and group of social and demographic variables. Was performed study an exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional that with the sample by 174 students coursing different periods. It was used two instrument one with social and demographic questions and MBI-SS. Among 174 students participants of study, 112 (64.37%) were girls and 62 (35.63%) were boys. There was no significant difference between dimensions of Burnout and the gender (p<0.05), professional efficacy (p<0.01) and the period whose the students were coursing. The undergraduates that are in preclinical period showed average ehigher in the two first item of scale average lower in the third item in relation to those that exercise clinically the dentistry. The level of emotional exhausting had significance. There was correlation among three levels of Burnout and the preclinical period is a fact that should be observed (AU)

Responsabilidad profesional del cirujano odontólogo: ¿Qué piensan los abogados? / Professional liability of dentist: what do lawyers think?

Es cada vez más frecuente el número de acciones judiciales involucrando cirujanos odontólogos. Probablemente este hecho se debe a un cambio de actitud de los pacientes que antes eran sumisos y hoy exigentes. Se realizó un estudio transversal con el objetivo de evaluar la percepción de los abogados de Araçatuba (Sao Paulo) sobre la responsabilidad profesional del cirujano odontólogo, los principales motivos de fracaso durante el tratamiento, las especialidades que más presentan problemas judiciales, la actitud de los mismos si fuesen sometidos a un tratamiento odontológico mal realizado, cual actitud el profesional tiene cuando el paciente no acepta el tratamiento realizado y finalmente la conducta a ser tomada por este delante de una demanda de responsabilidad civil. Se distribuyeron 318 cuestionarios a abogados, de los cuales 151 respondieron. Los resultados prueban que, para la mayoría, una eventual falla en el tratamiento ocurre por la incapacidad del profesional, y en su opinión, la especialidad que más presenta problemas judiciales es la ortodoncia (64,7%). Los abogados como pacientes siendo sometidos a un tratamiento odontológico mal realizado, el 27% procurarían otro cirujano odontólogo y también un abogado. El 36,5% de los entrevistados entienden que si el tratamiento no le agradó al paciente, el profesional debe aceptar la insatisfacción, la inconformidad y descontentamiento del paciente y ofrecer nuevas explicaciones exponiendo los motivos. Para un 36,1% la mejor conducta a ser adoptada por el cirujano odontólogo, en el caso de ser accionado civilmente, sería el intento de un acuerdo extra judicial.

The number of lawsuits against dental surgeons has increased considerably in the recent years. Probably this is due to a change in the behavior of the patients, from a passive role in the past to a more demanding stance now. A transversal study was carried out to evaluate the point of view of lawyers in Araçatuba, SP, Brazil, about the professional liability of dentist, the major reasons for treatment failure, the dental specialties more involved in legal actions, their attitudes if they were submitted to an unsuccessful dental treatment, their opinion on what the dentist should do when a patient does not accept the treatment provided, and, finally, what a dentist should do when facing a civil liability action. A questionnaire was sent to 318 lawyers, and 151 of them answered it. The results show that for most lawyers an occasional failure in the treatment occurs due to professional incompetence and, in their opinion, the specialty more involved in legal problems is orthodontics (64.7%). Of the lawyers interviewed, 27.0% affirmed they would seek another dentist and also a lawyer, if they were subjected to an unsuccessful dental treatment. For 36.5% of them, the dentist should give further information and explain the reasons why the treatment did not meet the patient’s expectations. According to 36.1% of the interviewees the best policy to be adopted by the dentist in case of a civil liability action would be an extra judicial settlement.

La informática en el consultorio odontológico y el uso de los registros digitales / Information technology in the dental clinics and the use of digital record

La utilización de ordenadores en las clínicas odontológicas ha traído muchos beneficios a los cirujanos dentistas, auxiliándolos en varios aspectos técnicos, administrativos y legales. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar si los cirujanos dentistas, alumnos del curso de postgrado en Ortodoncia e Implantodoncia de la Asociación Brasileña de Odontología (ABO), regional de Araçatuba-SP, hacen uso de ordenador y de la documentación digital en la practica clínica. Fueron invitados a participar del estudio todos los 60 alumnos matriculados en los cursos de Ortodoncia e Implantodoncia de aquella Institución, en el año de 2007 y los que consintieron (n=52) respondieron a un cuestionario auto administrable con preguntas abiertas y cerradas sobre el tema. En cuanto al perfil de los participantes, el 64,5% son del género masculino; un 51,9% tienen entre 30-39 años de edad y el 48,1% se graduaron en los años 90. Un 69,3% afirmaron no haber recibido cualquier noción de informática durante los estudios y el 67,3% utilizan el ordenador en el consultorio, principalmente para la administración del mismo (34,3%). En cuanto al uso del prontuario electrónico un 55,8% relataron utilizar esta tecnología, sin embargo un 44,2% negaron. El 32,7% no creen que los documentos electrónicos que tienen puedan servir como prueba judicial y un 35,7% creen que el prontuário electrónico debe ser archivado por 20 años. Se concluyó que la mayoría de los profesionales hacen uso del ordenador en el consultorio y también el prontuario digital, no obstante no se sienten seguros cuanto a la validad jurídica de este tipo de documentos, desconociendo, hasta el tiempo adecuado para archivar.

The use of computers in dental clinics has brought many benefits to dentist, helping them in various technical, administrative and legal. This study aimed to verify whether dentist, students of the post-graduate course in Orthodontics and Implantodontia of the Brazilian Association of Dentistry (ABO), regional Araçatuba-SP, using computers and digital documentation in clinical practice. They were invited to participate in the study all 60 students enrolled in courses of Orthodontics and Implantodontia of those institutions, in the year 2007 and those who consented (n = 52) answered a questionnaire containing questions open and closed on the subject . As the profile of the participants, 64.5% are male, 51.9% are between 30-39 years of age and 48.1% completed the graduation in the 90th. A 69.3% said they didn’t receive any notion of computing during graduation and 67.3% use the computer in the office, mainly for management of the same (34.3%). Regarding the use of electronic record 55.8% reported using this technology, while 44.2% denied. 32.7% do not believe that electronic records that can serve as proof of judicial and 35.7% believe that the electronic records should be archived for 20 years. It follows that most professionals use the computer in the office and also the digital records, but does not feel secure about the legal validity of such documents, unknown, including the appropriate time of its filing.

Estudio de las características de oclusión de niños de 12 años del Municipio de Cáceres, Mato Grosso, Brasil / Study characteristics occlusion children 12 years of the Municipality of Caceres, Mato Grosso, Brazil

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las condiciones de oclusión de niños de 12 años examinados por el Proyecto Salud Bucal Brasil 2003 en el municipio de Cáceres. La muestra se constituyó de 170 niños, de los dos géneros, sorteados dentro de 20 escuelas participantes de este proyecto. Se utilizó para el análisis de las condiciones de oclusión el Índice de Estética Dental / Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), conforme el manual de levantamiento epidemiológico básico en Salud Bucal preconizado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, el cual describe las condiciones de oclusión en lo que se refiere a la dentición, espacio y oclusión de la dentición permanente. Se observó que la ocurrencia de la maloclusión fue del 78,82%. Esta estuvo presente debido al apiñamiento dental (74,93%), espaciamiento en los segmentos incisales (23,88%), diastema (17,17%), falta de alineación maxilar anterior (58,95%) y mandibular anterior (61,19%), overjet excesivo (11,94%), overjet negativo (4,47%), mordedura abierta (1,5%) y relación molar de Clase II o III (26,87%). Se concluyó que la muestra estudiada presenta un alto índice de factores que componen la maloclusión

The aim of this study was to evaluate the occlusal condition of 12 year-old children examined by the Oral Health Brazil 2003 Project in Cáceres city. The sample consisted of 170 children, boys and girls, selected at random among 20 schools that took part in this project. It was used for the analysis of the occlusal condition the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), as manual of basic epidemic rising in Oral Health extolled by the World Health Organization which describes the occlusal conditions in relation to dentition, space and occlusion of the permanent dentition. It was observed that the prevalence of the normal occlusion and of the malocclusion were, respectively, 21.18% and 78.82%. This last one was present due to the tooth crowding (74.93%), spacing in the incisor segment (23.88%), diastema (17.17%), anterior maxillary misalignment (58.95%) and anterior mandibular (61.19%), excessive overjet (11.94%), negative overjet (4.47%), open bite (1.5%) and molar relationship Class II or III (26.87%). It was concluded that the studied sample presents a high index of factors to compose the malocclusion

Prevalencia de sintomatología dolorosa recurrente del ejercicio profesional en cirujanos dentistas

El cirujano dentista está constantemente expuesto a un elevado número de dolencias ocupacionales. Así siendo, el objetivo a través de este estudio fue evaluar la prevalencia de sintomatología dolorosa decurrente del ejercicio profesional en 76 cirujanos dentistas del municipio de Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil. Los datos fueron colectados por medio de un cuestionario auto administrable lo cual se verificó que 67 cirujanos dentistas (88,16%) presentaron quejas de dolor decurrentes de la práctica odontológica. Las regiones anatómicas con mayor acometimiento de dolor, según los profesionales, fueron a la espalda, cuello y hombros siendo que, las causas más citadas, en los dos géneros, estuvieron relacionadas a la postura de trabajo inadecuada, realización de movimientos repetitivos y vida sedentaria. Otro dato preocupante está relacionado al elevado valor porcentual de profesionales (17,41%) formados ha menos de 5 años presentando sintomatología dolorosa. Los clínicos generales (22,37%) y los especialistas en dentistica (27,63%) fueron los que presentaron mayores quejas de sintomatología dolorosa. Así siendo, se puede observar delante a este estudio, la necesitad de una mayor conciencia de los cirujanos dentistas sobre los problemas relacionados al elevado numero de profesionales con sintomatología dolorosa, en la busca de la minimización de las dolencias ocupacionales decurrentes de la practica clínica.

Dental Surgeon is frequently exposed at an high number of occupational diseases. So, the aim of this study was evaluate prevalence of painful symptomatology resulting from professional exercise on 76 dental surgeons from Araçatuba City, São Paulo State, Brazil. Data were collected by a self-applied instrument. It was possible to verify that 67 dental surgeons (88,16%) had complaining about pain due dental practice. Anatomic areas with larger occurrence of pain according professionals, were backside of body, neck and shoulder. The more cited causes, had relation with inadequate work posture, realization of repetitive moviments and sedentary life. Another preoccupant data is about high perceptual value of professionals (17,41%) with painful symptomatology and these profissionals conclued their courses before 5 years ago. General dentists (22,37%) and specialists on dentistry (27,63%) were the persons who showed more complaints about painful symptomatology. It was possible to observe the dental surgeons’ necessity of bigger knowledge about the problems related at high number of professionals with painful symptomatology, wishing minimization of occupational diseases resulting from clinic practice.