[Study of communication behaviour of the dolphin: procedure, motor and acoustic parameters].

First results of the experiments on the acoustic communication of dolphins are reported. They are complemented with the demonstration of a motor reaction of the dolphin keeping watch on the respondent, which was the same for all participants of the dialogue, i. e. turn of the head or trunk towards each other during transmission/reception of the information. The procedure allows unequivocal comparison of the acoustic signals with the behavioral acts of the animals during the experience. All stages of the animal's learning as well as oscillograms of the acoustic signals during acoustic communication behavior and echolocation process connected with differentiation of targets are shown. The routine procedure of investigating formation of the learning set served as the basic model of the physiological experiment. The non-realized action with an increasing emotional load leading on its peak to, inevitable acoustic intervention in to the respondent's work played the role of stimulus of the communication reaction, thus supporting model of communication behavior.

[The ways of improving the results of curing the patients with postoperative hernias of abdominal wall].

Authors have analyzed the results of curing of 90 patients with postoperative hernias of abdominal wall. All patients were operated by applying polypropylene mesh for hernioplasty and draining postoperative wound by Redon method. All patients were separated in two groups. In 1st group (30 patients) wound-draining was with the help of draining system UnoVac. In 2nd group (60 patients) wound-draining was by applying the ordinary vacuum draining system. In 1st group postoperative wound complications were in 2 cases (6,7%), in 2nd in 16 (26,7%).

[Individual dynamics of the EEG running wave under various conditions of activity]. / Individual'naia dinamika begushchei volny EEG v raznykh usloviiakh deiatel'nosti.

In 25 healthy subjects at resting with their eyes closed and open, a current phase structure of the EEG was measured, i.e. a trajectory and velocity of oscillation spreading over the head surface in temporal-occipital area. Visual computer multiplication revealed stable individual specifics of the EEG "running wave" dynamics which were then confirmed independently proceeding from the statistical significance criteria. Some subjects had characteristic transversal modulations of the EEG waves (from the left fo the right and vice versa), other subjects manifested longitudinal modulations along the diagonal from the cortex left anterior areas to the right posterior those (in some of them) or along the same diagonal in the opposite direction (in others). When opening the eyes, the character of the EEG "running wave" undergoes dramatic changes. Among other parameters, a growth of the trajectory share occurs in occipital area along with acceleration of the "running wave" spreading on all other trajectories. Both effects are bound to each other and the sharper dynamics is specific for subjects characterised as sympathotonic those as compared with para-sympathotonic.

[Intestinal gallstone obstruction]. / Zhelchnokamennaia obturatsionnaia kishechnaia neprokhodimost'

Three cases of intestinal obstruction due to obturation with gallstones are presented. These patients made 1,3% of all patients operated for acute intestinal obstruction and 0,2% of all patients operated for cholelithiasis. This variant of intestinal obstruction is rare disease and is not characterized with a typical picture and specific symptoms. Analysis of complaints, anamnesis, additional methods of abdominal examination help to suspect biliary ileus. In emergency cases scope of surgery must be minimal and directed to adequate elimination of intestinal obstruction. Indications for simultaneous disjunction of biliodigestive fistula depend on many factors which must be regarded individually for each patient.

[The hyper- and hypoalgesic effects of human and animal blood serum proteins]. / Giper- i gipoalgeticheskie éffekty belkov syvorotki krovi cheloveka i zhivotnykh.

The protein fractions precipitated by ammonium sulfate from the bovine, human and Greenland's seal blood sera enhanced the pain sensitivity of mice, rats and rabbits. The proteins fraction of the seal blood serum was divided in six subfractions by ion-exchange chromatography. One of these subfractions clearly showed hyperalgesic properties, while the others had an opposite effect. The collagenase hydrolysate of the same protein fraction had an analgetic activity. The results of this and previous studies suggest the occurrence of one more nociception-regulating protein-peptide system in mammals.

[The effect of blood serum proteins from the seal on the analgetic action of narcotic analgesics]. / Vliianie belkov syvorotki krovi tiulenia na boleutoliaiushchee deistvie narkoticheskikh anal'getikov.

The protein fraction isolated from blood of seal, Phoca groenlandica, has been found to produce hyperalgesic effect on rats exposed to thermic or electrocutaneous nociceptive stimulation, but fail to affect writhes provoked by intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid solution on mice. When combined with morphine, the fraction lowered completely its narcotic analgetic action in the above mentioned tests. On the contrary, these same proteins combined with promedol or fentanil enhanced and prolonged analgetic effect of the latter. Tested in vitro the protein showed neither opioid nor anti-opioid activity. Therefore it is reasonable to suppose that neurophysiological activity of the isolated fraction is due to the peptides formed on enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins in vivo rather than these proteins as such.

[Effects of peptide-protein substances from the hydrobiontics in vestibulo-autonomic disorders in cats]. / Vliianie peptidno-belkovykh veshchestv iz gidrobiontov na vestibulo-vegetativnye rasstroistva u koshek.

We demonstrated earlier, that undecapeptide of hydra vulgaris possesses vestibulo-protective activities in cats. We also investigated potential of vestibulo-protective properties of other peptide-protein substances from hydrobiontics. The work was done on 18 cats. We used the model of L. A. Radkevich and K. B. Suri for generated vestibulo-vegetative disorders (VVD).