[Perioperative augmented reality technology in surgical treatment of locally advanced recurrent rectal cancer]. / Perioperatsionnoe primenenie tekhnologii dopolnennoi real'nosti v khirurgicheskom lechenii bol'nogo mestnorasprostranennym lokoregionarnym retsidivom raka pryamoi kishki.

Rectal cancer occupies the leading position among cancers, and incidence of locally advanced recurrences is still high despite comprehensive treatment. Combined resections are usually associated with high perioperative risks. These procedures are technically complex interventions requiring further improvement. Virtual reality technology in surgical treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer recurrence has not been widely discussed. The authors present multidisciplinary construction of the matched topographic-anatomical virtual model and virtual planning of the combined surgical intervention. Intraoperative use of augmented reality allowed specifying topographic and anatomical features of surgical area, level of vascular ligation, localization of tumor fixation points and resection borders. These data ensured safety and quality of resection. Further research of augmented reality technology and improvement of its technical aspects will improve the results of surgical treatment of patients with locally advanced pelvic tumors and recurrences.

[The use of augmented reality technology in endoscopic removal of a maxillary cyst]. / Primenenie tekhnologii dopolnennoi real'nosti v kachestve navigatsionnoi sistemy pri endovideoassotsiirovannom udalenii kisty verkhnei chelyusti.

This article describes the use of augmented reality technology for the removal of an odontogenic cyst of the upper jaw. By combining the image of computed tomography, anatomical formations and the tip of the endoscope in mixed reality, a navigation system was created for performing cystectomy and resection of the tip of the molar root for a volumetric cyst of the maxillary sinus. For the first time, a system for tracking the position of an endoscope in mixed reality in real time was used.

[Toxicity modifying action of remaxol by treatment of advanced oral cancer].

The efficiency of remaxol for prevention and treatment of chemoradiotherapy toxicity effects in patients with advanced oral cancer was evaluated. Ninety-five oral cancer patients were using remaxol both locally (mouth rinse solution) and by intravenous infusion, 87 patients were included in control group. Intravenous remaxol proved to be effective for mucositis and nephrotoxicity prevention by chemoradiotherapy.

[Role of intraosteal administration of antibiotics in treatment of local oral mucinous carcinoma].

The problems of prophylaxis of infectious complications in the treatment of oral local mucinous carcinoma are considered relevant to 204 respective cases. More favourable results of the combined and complex treatment of the patients were shown when a multidisciplinary approach was used with obligatory participation of stomatologists. Special stomatologic prophylactic and therapeutic procedures with using reamberin orally and intravenously in the chemo- and radiotherapy and adequate antibiotic therapy during the surgical operation resulted in less frequent infectious complications, that was in favour of the patients life quality. Intraosteal administration of antibiotics was shown preferable.

[Supportive therapy for locally advanced cancer of the oral mucosa].

The article discusses the practice of detoxication therapy to minimize undesirable toxic effects during chemo- and radiotherapy for locally advanced cancer of the oral mucosa in 88 patients treated with 1.5% solution of reamberine. There was a significant improvement in the parameters of liver function, as well as in the general wellbeing of patients. We analyzed the main symptoms of the toxicity of chemo- and radiotherapy in both groups. Inclusion of the reamberine solution as supportive therapy for cancer patients who were receiving chemo- and radiotherapy for cancer of the oral mucosa allowed reducing the number and severity of toxic complications.

[Some special characteristics of vascular reactivity in heart failure].

We determined parameters of elasticity of peripheral arteries in patients with heart failure (HF) including those with pulmonary arterial hypertension. We also investigated pulmonary artery responses to vasoconstricting factors in vitro. Reactivity of the aorta and carotid artery was studied on the model of experimental HF. Lowering of elasticity of small arteries progressed with worsening of HF functional class and increase of pulmonary arterial hypertension. In the genesis of pulmonary hypertension definite role played elevated constrictor response of pulmonary artery to endothelin 1 at the background of dysfunction of endothelial ETB receptors. Endothelial dependent reactivity of the aorta and carotid artery was impaired and their constrictor effect augmented.

[Investigation of the antiparasitic activity of paracels series apparatuses].

The paper provides a preliminary positive assessment of the results of experimental studies of the inactivating effect of a bioresonance technology against Lamblia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts placed in the aquatic environment in vitro.

[Gastrodiscoidosis is a dangerous zoonosis].

The paper gives data on the helminthiasis--gastrodiscoidosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the trematode Gastrodiscoides hominis (Lewis et McConnall, 1876) parasitizing in the animal and human intestine in the endemic foci of both Russia and foreign countries. It also presents information on the morphology of the helminth, the biological cycle of development of the parasite and its habitat and spread, as well as its induced abnormalities and on the method of diagnosing of the disease.

[Changes of activity of the endothelial system in experimental heart failure].

Despite obvious participation of endothelins in pathogenesis of heart failure therapeutic approaches to the use of endothelin receptor antagonists remain to be elucidated. Experimental heart failure caused by prolonged infusion of norepinephrine is associated with diminished endothelin induced coronary constricting effect of stimulation of ET(A) receptors and inversion of coronary dilating effect of stimulation of these receptors. The latter effect is mediated by smooth muscle ET(B)-receptors and is indicative of functional derangement of vascular control by endothelial cells. The use of selective ET(A)-antagonist is effective on early stages of heart failure while on later stages administration of nonselective ET(AB)-antagonist produces more pronounced effect.

[Clinical and laboratory features in tuberculosis and osteomyelitis of the spine]. / Kliniko-laboratornye osobennosti pri tuberkuleze i osteomielite pozvonochnika.

Tuberculous spondylitis runs atypically with its acute onset, high fever, and violent pain in 20% of cases. This disease is characterized by a high specific activity of T lymphocytes, by high levels of antituberculous antibodies, by a higher activity of adenosine deaminase, by higher concentrations of IgA and IgE. The gradual onset and few-symptom course of hematogenous osteomyelitis were revealed in 15% of cases. In osteomyelitis, there was a low concentration of antituberculous antibodies, higher levels of low and medium molecular mass, and IgG.

[Immunity in patients with active tuberculous spondylitis]. / Immunnyi status bol'nykh aktivnym tuberkuleznym spondilitom.

Immunological parameters were studied in 45 patients with active tuberculous spondylitis, admitted for surgical treatment, who were divided into 2 groups in accordance with the prevalence of exudative-necrotic, or productive components of inflammation in the vertebral bodies and paravertebral tissues. The patients with a predominantly exudative-necrotic component of inflammation exhibited a severe clinical course with frequent neurological disorders, large abscesses in the paravertebral tissues, inflammatory changes in the leukogram, enhanced specific T-lymphocytic activity in the PPD blast-transformation reaction, significant increases in the levels of tuberculosis antibodies and IgE, IL-2 and it soluble IL-2 receptor RR-alpha, an excessively high increase in the functional activity of neutrophilic granulocytes, and lower with IgG2. The degree of immunological disorders corresponds to the severity of a course of tuberculous spondylitis.

Direct determination of traces of beryllium with eriochrome cyanine R by diffuse reflection spectroscopy using chromaticity functions.

Chromaton-N-super and Silasorb C18 (SMT C18) were compared as solid supports for the direct determination of the immobilized beryllium complexes with eriochrome cyanine R by diffuse reflection spectroscopy. The advantage of Silasorb C18 was shown. A detection limit of 0.0002 microg mL(-1) could be reached in a 100-mL sample. The method was used for the analysis of real water samples.

[The species composition and ecological characteristics of trematodes from reptiles in the Volga delta]. / Vidovoi sostav i ékologicheskie osobennosti trematod reptilii del'ty Volgi.

In the result of parasitological researches of reptiles of the Volga delta, 17 species of trematodes belonging to 10 families and 5 orders have been recovered. The dynamics of trematodes in reptiles is regulated by transformations of biocenoses of the delta depending on fluctuations of the Caspian sea level.

Improvement of direct determination of trace nickel in environmental samples by diffuse reflection spectroscopy using chromaticity characteristics.

Cellulose and chromaton-N-super as solid supports for direct determination of the immobilized nickel complexes with dimethylglyoxime and benzyldioxime by diffuse reflection spectroscopy were compared. The advantage of chromaton-N-super with use of benzyldioxime is shown. Detection limit is 0.02 microg/mL. The proposed method was applied for the analysis of soil.

[Conservative therapy for early-stage breast cancer]. / K probleme organosokhraniaiushchego lecheniia bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy rannikh stadii.

An evaluation of the data on the treatment of 298 cases of breast cancer (stages IIa and IIb) showed that a reduced frequency of loco-regional recurrences, after post-operative irradiation as a component of conservative therapy, was followed by improvement in quality of life. This was particularly apparent in patients with pT2pN1 tumors. It was also found that after extended dissection of axillary lymph nodes at all three levels, a dose of 50 Gy was sufficient without additional irradiation of the cicatrix. Nor was it necessary to expose the axillary area in cases of three or less lymph node recurrences provided that at least 6 resected nodes were studied histologically. Following conservative therapy, 5-year survival was 97%, while relapse-free survival--82%.

[Structure of nutrition of one of Moscow's districts and its relationship to risk factors of chronic noninfectious diseases from the standpoint of medical prevention]. / Struktura pitaniia naseleniia odnogo iz raionov Moskvy i ee sviaz' s faktorami riska khronicheskikh neinfektsionnykh zabolevanii v aspekte razvitiia meditsinskoi profilaktiki.

Dietary intake was studied in 295 of Moscow's residents by 24-hour recall method. High level of animal fat, sugar and cholesterol (Ch) were found in diet of man and women. Energy intake of men is higher than that of women at the expense of animal fat and protein. Women consume less amount of cholesterol-containing food. The levels of serum Ch, HDLP-Ch, triglycerides are in close relation with blood pressure values. The levels of serum Ch, HDLP-Ch, systolic and diastolic blood pressure are connected with variables of age and body mass index.

[A comparative evaluation of 2 physical loading tests in arterial hypertension]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka dvukh prob s fizicheskoi nagruzkoi pri arterial'noi gipertenzii.

Interrelationships between arterial pressure (AP), physical performance (PP) and arterial hypertension (AH) risk factors were studied in two representative samples of hypertensive subjects using multivariate stepwise regression analysis in the preexercise, exercise and postexercise periods and two exercise tests. Test 1 (standard continuous bicycle ergometry) allowed PP estimation by the work performed and double product (HRmax x SAP/100 max). Test 2 (stepwise intermittent bicycle ergometry by PWCx) estimated PP according to a special formula. Test 1 is standard and therefore is able to provide significant diagnostic, prognostic and rehabilitation information. Test 2 is standard only at its first step, while the second step varies with cardiovascular response to the initial step. This is convenient for definition of permissible exercise dynamic control over exercising subjects, assessment of training efficacy in different regimens and programs. It is concluded that both methods are fit for estimating relations between AP, PP and AH risk factors in exercise and are comparable by the main parameters.

[Arterial pressure, physical activity and physical work capacity]. / Arterial'noe davlenie, fizicheskaia aktivnost' i fizicheskaia rabotosposobnost'.

A representative population sample was studied to elucidate relationships of arterial pressure (AR) with muscular performance (MP) and arterial hypertension risk factors. Power working capacity (PWCx) was measured by means of exercise tolerance test at rest, under physical loading and after the exercise. The findings were processed using a multivariate step-by-step regression analysis which established independent relations between exercise and postexercise MP and arterial hypertension. In normal and hypertensive males a rise in systolic pressure (SP) after the initial exercise (load 1) was dependent on PWC1 after more intensive exercise (load 2) on relations of MP with heart rate, SP and diastolic pressure (DP). In hypertensive males the SP elevation depended also on the age, B. W. index and heart rate. In normal AP males a DP rise depended on PWC2 and MP, the increment being limited by relationships between MP, DP, heart rate and SP. In hypertensive males the influence of PWC1 is defined through a SP rise after load 1. In normal AP and hypertensive females PWC1 is decisive for a SP rise. In normal AP females growth of DP after load 2 was dependent on PWC2 in relation to heart rate growth after load 2, while in hypertensive females PWC1 resulted in DP elevation after load 1. On comparison of the groups with normal and high AP the degree of AP increment under exercise depended on the relations of MP with heart rate, SP and DP.