Mullerianosis of the urinary bladder: a case report.

Mullerianosis is a rare, complex, benign tumor most commonly found in the bladder and often mistaken for a neoplastic lesion.  Herein, we report a case of mullerianosis in a 65-year-old woman who presented with an incidental 2 cm bladder mass found on cross-sectional imaging.  A mixed cystic and solid tumor was identified on cystoscopy and a transurethral resection of the suspected tumor was performed with histopathology confirming a final diagnosis of mullerianosis.  While an unusual diagnosis, mullerianosis of the urinary bladder needs to be correctly identified to provide appropriate treatment and avoid misdiagnosis.

Histologically benign metastasizing tenosynovial giant cell tumor mimicking metastatic malignancy: A case report and review of literature.

Diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor (D-TGCT), otherwise known as pigmented villonodular synovitis, is a locally aggressive tumor which can show multiple recurrences but is rarely associated with metastasis. A handful of studies have elucidated the imaging features and clinical course in metastatic D-TGCT with malignant transformation on histology. However, only 5 cases of metastatic D-TGCT with benign histological features have been reported in the literature, with the clinical course and prognosis reported in only 1 case. Therefore, relatively little is known about the implications of histologically benign metastasis on the role of imaging, management, and clinical outcomes. We report a case of a 51-year-old female with recurrent D-TGCT localized to the knee that metastasized to the lymph nodes and soft tissue 3 years after above-the-knee amputation and 16 years after initial diagnosis of localized D-TGCT, despite benign histologic features on lymph node excision. This case highlights the necessity of timely MRI imaging to prevent delayed diagnosis, the role of histological findings on treatment response, and clinical outcomes associated with metastasized D-TGCT.

Metastatic Carcinomatosis Cirrhosis: A Rare Pattern of Metastasis.

Metastatic carcinomatosis cirrhosis is a pattern of metastasis in which malignancy infiltrates the liver and provokes hepatic fibrosis. It is an especially rare complication of several malignancies, including breast cancer. We report a case of a 61-year-old woman with lobular carcinoma of the breast who presented with confusion and rising serum tumor markers without evidence of disease recurrence on imaging. She subsequently developed clinical evidence of hepatic dysfunction and a liver biopsy revealed diffuse infiltration of the liver by breast carcinoma with surrounding fibrous tissue deposition, consistent with metastatic carcinomatosis cirrhosis. This case highlights a rare and clinically significant pattern of metastasis and is the first to describe lobular carcinoma of the breast causing metastatic carcinomatosis cirrhosis.

Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Presenting as a Klatskin Tumor.

Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare clinical entity representing approximately 2% of all cancers diagnosed. More than 65% of these tumors can present at the bifurcation of the hepatic duct and are known as Klatskin tumors. Pancreatic cancer is among the top 5 leading causes of cancer death, and it usually presents at an advanced stage with metastasis commonly seen in the liver. We report a patient with established pancreatic adenocarcinoma who presented with an obstructing mass at the hepatic duct bifurcation without any prior history of biliary tract disease. This represents a new diagnosis of either intracholedochal metastatic tumor or a new diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma found at the hepatic duct bifurcation without liver involvement in the setting of pancreatic cancer, suggesting metachronous cholangiocarcinoma with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.