Tratamiento laparoscópico de fístula vesicovaginal / Vesicovaginal fístula laparoscopic treatment

Las fístulas vesicovaginales están entre las complicaciones más angustiantes de los procedimientos ginecológicos y obstétricos. El manejo de estas fístulas se ha definido mejor y estandarizado en la última década. La reparación de la fístula vesico-vaginal frecuentemente se lleva a cabo a través de un abordaje transvaginal en el caso de las fístulas infratrigonales y mediante un abordaje abdominal transvesical para las fístulas supratrigonales. Presentamos un caso de fístula vesico-vaginal tras histerectomía que fue reparada mediante una abordaje laparoscópico. Vamos a describir una técnica novedosa para el tratamiento de fístula vesico-vaginal de ubicación supratrigonal por vía laparoscópica intraperitoneal (AU)

Vesicovaginal fístula is among the most distressing complications of gynaecological and obstetrical procedures. Management of these fístulas has been better defined and standardised over the last decade. Vesicovaginal fístula repair is most commonly repaired with transvaginal approach in cases of supratrigonal fístula and with abdominal approach in cases of supratrigonal fístula. We report a case of a vesicovaginal fístula after abdominal hysterectomy, which was repaired using a laparoscopic approach. The fístula followed a hysterectomy. We will describe a novel technique for the treatment of vesicovaginal fístula of supratrigonal location by intraperitoneal laparoscopic approach (AU)

Desconexión de la pieza intermedia del tubo de muestreo del capnógrafo como causa de un cambio brusco en el capnograma / Disconnection of the middle section of the capnograph sampling tube as a cause of sudden capnogram change

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Epidemiology of malaria in the Amazon basin of Ecuador.

Malaria is reemerging in most endemic countries of South America. In Ecuador, malaria is endemic on the Pacific coast, in the inter-Andean valleys, and in the Amazon River basin. In the Lower-Napo region of northeastern Ecuador, malaria was considered eliminated in the 1970s, but the disease has reemerged in recent years. Three organizations are involved in malaria-related work in the area, but they are not coordinating their efforts. This study was designed to describe the epidemiology of malaria incidence in the Lower-Napo region for the period of January 1992 through December 1995, and to determine the extent of seasonality in transmission in the area. To determine malaria incidence, data were collected for that 4-year period from the records of the three malaria-related organizations: the office of the National Center for Malaria Eradication (NCME) in the town of Coca, the district hospital in Nuevo Rocafuerte (DHNR), and an association of community health workers called Sandi Yura. Data on climatic conditions for the same period were collected from the Ecuadorian Air Force and civil aviation authorities. During the 1992-1995 period, NCME diagnosed a total of 773 malaria cases, DHNR diagnosed 485, and Sandi Yura clinically diagnosed 859. For the 4-year period, an annual parasite index of 40.4 was found with the DHNR data, 35.8 with the Sandi Yura data, and 6.2 with the NCME data. The predominant parasite in the area was Plasmodium vivax (92% of all the cases). Twenty-eight percent of the infected persons were under 10 years old. No discernible differences between the genders were found. There was also no seasonal variation among the cases. Further research is needed in order to confirm these findings and better understand malaria transmission in the region. The study highlights the need for a closer coordination among the area's malaria-control organizations so as to have an improved understanding of malaria epidemiology and to design and implement effective control strategies.

Beriberi in a well-nourished Amazonian population.

Beriberi is an endemic disease among the Naporuna indigenous people of Ecuadorean Amazonia (annual morbidity rate of 1.5%). A total of 47 patients with dry beriberi were seen at the Franklin Tello Hospital, Napo, during 1995-1996; a similar incidence was observed in previous years. No wet beriberi was found. Although the diagnosis of the disease was made clinically, an effective and quick response to thiamine treatment excluded other differential diagnoses, such as tropical ataxic neuropathy. Although indigenous people have several possible dietetic risk factors, none of them adequately explain the disease's high incidence. Some suggestions are made for the high incidence of beriberi among this Amazonian people but its cause remains unknown.