Quality of lymph node dissection and early recurrence in robotic versus thoracoscopic lobectomy for stage N1-2 non-small cell lung cancer: Eleven-year real-world data from a high-volume center.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of lymph node dissection (LND) and oncological outcomes of robot-assisted (RL) versus video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy (VL) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with nodal involvement remains controversial. This study aims to compare LND quality and early recurrence (ER) rate between RL and VL for stage N1-2 NSCLC patients based on eleven-year real-world data from a high-volume center. METHODS: Pathologic stage IIB-IIIB (T1-3N1-2) NSCLC patients undergoing RL or VL in Shanghai Chest Hospital from 2010 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed from a prospectively maintained database. Propensity-score matching (PSM, 1:4 RL versus VL) was performed to mitigate baseline differences. LND quality was evaluated by adequate (≥16) LND and nodal upstaging rates. ER was defined as recurrence occurring within 24 months post-surgery. RESULTS: Out of 1578 cases reviewed, PSM yielded 200 RL and 800 VL cases. Without compromising perioperative outcomes, RL assessed more N1 and N2 LNs and N1 stations, and led to higher incidences of adequate LND (58.5 % vs. 42.0 %, p < 0.001) and nodal upstaging (p = 0.026), compared to VL. Notably, RL improved perioperative outcomes for patients undergoing adequate LND than VL. Finally, RL notably reduced ER rate (22.0 % vs. 29.6 %, p = 0.032), especially LN ER rate (15.0 % vs. 21.5 %, p = 0.041), and prolonged disease-free survival (DFS; hazard ratio = 0.837, p = 0.040) compared with VL. Further subgroup analysis of ER and DFS within the cN1-2-stage cohort verified this survival benefit. CONCLUSIONS: RL surpasses VL in enhancing LND quality, reducing ER rates, and improving perioperative outcomes when adequate LND is performed for stage N1-2 NSCLC patients.

Fluorinated chlorin chromophores for red-light-driven CO2 reduction.

The utilization of low-energy photons in light-driven reactions is an effective strategy for improving the efficiency of solar energy conversion. In nature, photosynthetic organisms use chlorophylls to harvest the red portion of sunlight, which ultimately drives the reduction of CO2. However, a molecular system that mimics such function is extremely rare in non-noble-metal catalysis. Here we report a series of synthetic fluorinated chlorins as biomimetic chromophores for CO2 reduction, which catalytically produces CO under both 630 nm and 730 nm light irradiation, with turnover numbers of 1790 and 510, respectively. Under appropriate conditions, the system lasts over 240 h and stays active under 1% concentration of CO2. Mechanistic studies reveal that chlorin and chlorinphlorin are two key intermediates in red-light-driven CO2 reduction, while corresponding porphyrin and bacteriochlorin are much less active forms of chromophores.

An ionically cross-linked composite hydrogel electrolyte based on natural biomacromolecules for sustainable zinc-ion batteries.

Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are regarded as promising power sources for flexible and biocompatible devices due to their good sustainability and high intrinsic safety. However, their applications have been hindered by the issues of uncontrolled Zn dendrite growth and severe water-induced side reactions in conventional liquid electrolytes. Herein, an ionically cross-linked composite hydrogel electrolyte based on natural biomacromolecules, including iota-carrageenan and sodium alginate, is designed to promote highly efficient and reversible Zn plating/stripping. The abundant functional groups of macromolecules effectively suppress the reactivity of water molecules and facilitate uniform Zn deposition. Moreover, the composite hydrogel electrolyte exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 5.89 × 10-2 S cm-1 and a Zn2+ transference number of 0.58. Consequently, the Zn‖Zn symmetric cell with the composite hydrogel electrolyte shows a stable cycle life of more than 500 h. Meanwhile, the Zn‖NH4V4O10 coin cell with the composite hydrogel electrolyte retains a high specific capacity of approximately 200 mA h g-1 after 600 cycles at 2 A g-1. The Zn‖NVO pouch cell based on the composite hydrogel electrolyte also shows a high specific capacity of 246.1 mA h g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 and retains 70.7% of its initial capacity after 150 cycles. The pouch cell performs well at different bending angles and exhibits a capacity retention rate of 98% after returning to its initial state from 180° folding. This work aims to construct high-performance hydrogel electrolytes using low-cost natural materials, which may provide a solution for the application of ZIBs in flexible biocompatible devices.

A fluorescent NBD "turn-on" probe for the rapid and on-site analysis of fructose in food.

High fructose intake is an important cause of metabolic disease. Due to the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases worldwide, the development of an accurate and efficient tool for monitoring fructose in food is urgently needed to control the intake of fructose. Herein, a new fluorescent probe NBD-PQ-B with 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1, 3-diazole (NBD) as the fluorophore, piperazine (PQ) as the bridging group and phenylboronic acid (B) as the recognition receptor, was synthesized to detect fructose. The fluorescence of NBD-PQ-B increased linearly at 550 nm at an excitation wavelength of 497 nm with increasing fructose concentration from 0.1 to 20 mM. The limit of detection (LOD) of fructose was 40 µM. The pKa values of NBD-PQ-B and its fructose complexes were 4.1 and 10.0, respectively. In addition, NBD-PQ-B bound to fructose in a few seconds. The present technique was applied to determine the fructose content in beverages, honey, and watermelon with satisfactory results. Finally, the system could not only be applied in an aqueous solution with a spectrophotometer, but also be fabricated as a NBD-PQ-B/polyvinyl oxide (PEO) film by electrospinning for on-site food analysis simply with the assistance of a smartphone.

Photocatalytic Reduction of Perrhenate and Pertechnetate in a Strongly Acidic Aqueous Solution.

Pertechnetate (99TcO4-), a physiologically toxic radioactive anion, is of great concern due to its high mobility in environmental contamination remediation. Although the soluble oxyanion can be photoreduced to sparingly soluble TcO2·nH2O, its effective removal from a strongly acidic aqueous solution remains a challenge. Here, we found that low-crystalline nitrogen-doped titanium oxide (N-TiO2, 0.6 g L-1) could effectively uptake perrhenate (ReO4-, 10 mg L-1, a nonradioactive surrogate for TcO4-) with 50.8% during 360 min under simulated sunlight irradiation at pH 1.0, but P25 and anatase could not. The nitrogen active center formed by trace nitrogen doping in N-TiO2 can promote the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers. The positive valence band value of N-TiO2 is slightly higher than those of P25 and anatase, which means that the photogenerated holes have a stronger oxidizability. These holes are involved in the formation of strong reducing •CO2- radicals from formic acid oxidation. The active radicals convert ReO4- to Re(VI), which is subsequently disproportionated to Re(IV) and Re(VII). Effective photocatalytic reduction/removal of Re(VII)/Tc(VII) is performed on the material, which may be considered a potential and convenient strategy for technetium decontamination and extraction in a strongly acidic aqueous solution.

Surface Molecular Engineering for Fully Textured Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells.

Developing large-scale monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem devices based on industrial Czochralski silicon wafers will likely have to adopt double-side textured architecture, given their optical benefits and low manufacturing costs. However, the surface engineering strategies that are widely used in solution-processed perovskites to regulate the interface properties are not directly applicable to micrometric textures. Here, we devise a surface passivation strategy by dynamic spray coating (DSC) fluorinated thiophenethylammonium ligands, combining the advantages of providing conformal coverage and suppressing phase conversion on textured surfaces. From the viewpoint of molecular engineering, theoretical calculation and experimental results demonstrate that introducing trifluoromethyl group provide more effective surface passivation through strong interaction and energy alignment by forming a dipole layer. Consequently, the DSC treatment of this bifunctional molecule enables the tandem cells based on industrial silicon wafers to achieve a certified stabilized power conversion efficiency of 30.89%. In addition, encapsulated devices display excellent operational stability by retaining over 97% of their initial performance after 600 h continuous illumination.

Molecular evolution and functional diversification of metal tolerance protein families in cereals plants and function of maize MTP protein.

Plants employ metal tolerance proteins (MTPs) to confer tolerance by sequestering excess ions into vacuoles. MTPs belong to the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) family, which facilitates the transport of divalent transition metal cations. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the MTP gene families across 21 plant species, including maize (Zea mays). A total of 247 MTP genes were identified within these plant genomes and categorized into distinct subgroups, namely Zn-CDF, Mn-CDF, and Fe/Zn-CDF, based on phylogenetic analyses. This investigation encompassed the characterization of genomic distribution, gene structures, cis-regulatory elements, collinearity relationships, and gene ontology functions associated with MTPs. Transcriptomic analyses unveiled stress-specific expression patterns of MTP genes under various abiotic stresses. Moreover, quantitative RT-PCR assays were employed to assess maize MTP gene responses to diverse heavy metal stress conditions. Functional validation of metal tolerance roles was achieved through heterologous expression in yeast. This integrated evolutionary scrutiny of MTP families in cereals furnishes a valuable framework for the elucidation of MTP functions in subsequent studies. Notably, the prioritized MTP gene ZmMTP6 emerged as a positive regulator of plant Cd tolerance, thereby offering a pivotal genetic asset for the development of Cd-tolerant crops, particularly maize cultivars.

MDM2/MDMX inhibition by Sulanemadlin synergizes with anti-Programmed Death 1 immunotherapy in wild-type p53 tumors.

Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment but its efficacy depends on a robust immune response in the tumor. Silencing of the tumor suppressor p53 is common in tumors and can affect the recruitment and activation of different immune cells, leading to immune evasion and poor therapy response. We found that the p53 activating stapled peptide MDM2/MDMX inhibitor Sulanemadlin (ALRN-6924) inhibited p53 wild-type cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. In mice carrying p53 wild-type CT26.WT tumors, monotherapy with the PD-1 inhibitor DX400 or Sulanemadlin delayed tumor doubling time by 50% and 37%, respectively, while combination therapy decreased tumor doubling time by 93% leading to an increased median survival time. Sulanemadlin treatment led to increased immunogenicity and combination treatment with PD-1 inhibition resulted in an increased tumor infiltration of lymphocytes. This combination treatment strategy could potentially turn partial responders into responders of immunotherapy, expanding the patient target group for PD-1-targeting immunotherapy.

Intramedullary nailing for floating knee injury complicated by pulmonary fat embolism: A case report and literature review.

A 28-year-old man involved in a serious motorcycle accident was admitted to our hospital with comminuted fractures of the ipsilateral femoral shaft and tibial shaft, as well as multiple fractures of the right lower limb, including the proximal fibula, medial malleolus, and the third and fourth distal metatarsals. In addition, the patient suffered a skin contusion and laceration of the right foot. On the first day of admission, this patient suddenly developed tachycardia, pyrexia, and tachypnoea, and was immediately transferred to the ICU for further treatment due to a CT-diagnosed pulmonary fat embolism (FE). As a symptomatic treatment, he received a prophylactic dose of low-molecular-weight heparin for 10 days, after which his condition improved. A Doppler ultrasound of the lower leg and a follow-up chest CT angiography were performed, which excluded any remaining thrombus and verified that the pulmonary FE had improved without deterioration. Closed-reduction and retrograde intramedullary nailing were performed for the femoral shaft fractures, while antegrade intramedullary nailing was performed for the tibial shaft fractures under general anaesthesia. In the three-year follow-up, the patient had recovered with good function of the right limb, without any respiratory discomfort. Both the femoral and tibial shaft fractures finally resolved without any further treatment. Ipsilateral femoral and tibial shaft fractures should undergo surgical stabilisation as early as possible to avoid pulmonary FEs. It is still controversial whether intramedullary nailing is suitable for floating knee injuries complicated by pulmonary FEs. However, if patients with pulmonary FEs require intramedullary nailing, we suggest that surgery should be performed after at least one week of anticoagulant use, when patient vital signs are stable and there is no sign of dyspnoea. In addition, patients should try to avoid reaming during the operation to prevent and decrease "second hit" for the lung.

Modulation effect of sulfated polysaccharide from Sargassum fusiforme on gut microbiota and their metabolites in vitro fermentation.

The present study demonstrated the digestion behavior and fermentation characteristics of a sulfated polysaccharide from Sargassum fusiforme (SFSP) in the simulated digestion tract environment. The results showed that the molecular weight of two components in SFSP could not be changed by simulated digestion, and no free monosaccharide was produced. This indicates that most of SFSP can reach the colon as prototypes. During the fermentation with human intestinal flora in vitro, the higher-molecular-weight component of SFSP was utilized, the total sugar content decreased by 16%, the reducing sugar content increased, and the galactose content in monosaccharide composition decreased relatively. This indicates that SFSP can be selectively utilized by human intestinal flora. At the same time, SFSP also changed the structure of intestinal flora. Compared with the blank group, SFSP significantly increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreased the abundance of Firmicutes. At the genus level, the abundances of Bacteroides and Megamonas increased, while the abundances of Shigella, Klebsiella, and Collinsella decreased. Moreover, the concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids significantly increased compared to the blank group. SFSP could down-regulate the contents of trimethylamine, piperidone and secondary bile acid in fermentation broth. The contents of nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid and other organic acids were increased. Therefore, SFSP shows significant potential to regulate gut microbiota and promote human health.

The Association of High Lipoprotein(a) Concentration and Risk of Ischaemic Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation Patients.

Background: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a well-established risk factor for ischaemic stroke (IS). It is unclear whether Lp(a) is associated with IS in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study is to explore the association between the concentration of Lp(a) and the risk of IS in AF patients, hope to find the potential risk factor for the IS in AF patients. Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort study. The screened AF patients between January 2017 and July 2021 were matched at 1:1 by the propensity score matching (PSM) method in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Associations between Lp(a) and ischaemic stroke were analysed using logistic regression models, stratified analysis and sensitivity analysis. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS software. Results: The number of enrolled participates is 2258, which contains 1129 non-AF patients and 1129 AF patients. Among IS patients, the median Lp(a) concentration was higher than that of controls (17.03 vs. 15.36 mg/dL, P = 0.032). The Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients revealed significant positive relationships between IS and Lp(a) (P = 0.032). In addition, a significant increase in IS risk was associated with Lp(a) levels >30.00 mg/dL in unadjusted model [OR:1.263, 95% CI(1.046-1.523), P = 0.015], model 1 [OR:1.284, 95% CI(1.062,1.552), P = 0.010], model 2 [OR: 1.297, 95% CI(1.07,1.573). P = 0.008], and model 3 [OR: 1.290, 95% CI (1.064, 1.562). P = 0.009]. The stratified analysis indicated that this correlation was not affected by female sex [1.484 (1.117, 1.972), P = 0.006], age ≤ 60 [1.864 (1.067-3.254), P=0.029], hypertension [1.359 (1.074, 1.721), P = 0.011], or non-coronary heart disease (CHD) [1.388 (1.108, 1.738), P = 0.004]. Conclusion: High levels of Lp(a) were significantly related to IS in AF patients and may be a potential risk factor in the onset of an IS in AF patients.

Combination of percutaneous thermal ablation and adoptive Th9 cell transfer therapy against non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the predominant malignancies globally. Percutaneous thermal ablation (PTA) has gained widespread use among NSCLC patients, with the potential to elicit immune responses but limited therapeutic efficacies for advanced-stage disease. T-helper type 9 (Th9) cells are a subset of CD4+ effector T cells with robust and persistent anti-tumor effects. This study proposes to develop PTA-Th9 cell integrated therapy as a potential strategy for NSCLC treatment. METHODS: The therapeutic efficacies were measured in mice models with subcutaneously transplanted, recurrence, or lung metastatic tumors. The tumor microenvironments (TMEs) were evaluated by flow cytometry. The cytokine levels were assessed by ELISA. The signaling molecules were determined by quantitative PCR and Western blotting. The translational potential was tested in the humanized NSCLC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. RESULTS: We find that PTA combined with adoptive Th9 cell transfer therapy substantially suppresses tumor growth, recurrence, and lung metastasis, ultimately extending the survival of mice with NSCLC grafts, outperforming both PTA and Th9 cell transfer monotherapy. Analysis of TMEs indicates that combinatorial therapy significantly augments tumor-infiltrating Th9 cells, boosts anti-tumor effects of CD8+ T cells, and remodels tumor immunosuppressive microenvironments. Moreover, combinatorial therapy significantly strengthens the regional and circulation immune response of CD8+ T cells in mice with tumor lung metastasis and induces peripheral CD8+ T effector memory cells in mice with tumor recurrence. Mechanically, PTA reinforces the anti-tumor ability of Th9 cells primarily through upregulating interleukin (IL)-1ß and subsequently activating the downstream STAT1/IRF1 pathway, which could be effectively blocked by intercepting IL-1ß signaling. Finally, the enhanced therapeutic effect of combinatorial therapy is validated in humanized NSCLC PDX models. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, this study demonstrates that combinatorial therapy displays robust and durable anti-tumor efficacy and excellent translational potential, offering excellent prospects for translation and emerging as a promising approach for NSCLC treatment.

Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Versus Thoracotomy Following Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapy in Resectable Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Among Chinese Populations: A Multi-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment but may pose greater technical challenges for surgery. This study aims to assess the feasibility and oncological effectiveness of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for resectable stage III NSCLC after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy. METHODS: Initial stage IIIA-IIIB NSCLC patients with neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy undergoing either VATS or open lobectomy at 6 medical centers during 2019-2023 were retrospectively identified. Perioperative outcomes and 2-year survival was analyzed. Propensity-score matching (PSM) was employed to balance patient baseline characteristics. RESULTS: Among the total 143 patients, PSM yielded 62 cases each for VATS and OPEN groups. Induction-related adverse events were comparable between the 2 groups. VATS showed a 14.5% conversion rate. Notably, VATS decreased numeric rating scales for postoperative pain, shortened chest tube duration (5[4-7] vs. 6[5-8] days, P = .021), reduced postoperative comorbidities (21.0% vs. 37.1%, P = .048), and dissected less N1 lymph nodes (5[4-6] vs. 7[5-9], P = .005) compared with thoracotomy. Even when converted, VATS achieves perioperative outcomes equivalent to thoracotomy. Additionally, over a median follow-up of 29.5 months, VATS and thoracotomy demonstrated comparable 2-year recurrence-free survival (77.20% vs. 73.73%, P = .640), overall survival (87.22% vs. 88.00%, P = .738), cumulative incidences of cancer-related death, and recurrence patterns. Subsequent subgroup comparisons and multivariate Cox analysis likewise revealed no statistical difference between VATS and thoracotomy. CONCLUSION: VATS is a viable and effective option for resectable stage III NSCLC patients following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy, leading to decreased surgical-related pain, earlier chest tube removal, reduced postoperative complications, and similar survival outcomes compared to thoracotomy.

Access to chiral dihydrophenanthridines via a palladium(0)-catalyzed Suzuki coupling and C-H arylation cascade reaction using new chiral-bridged biphenyl bifunctional ligands.

A class of chiral-bridged biphenyl phosphine-carboxylate bifunctional ligands CB-Phos has been developed and successfully applied to Pd(0)-catalyzed single enantioselective C-H arylation and a one pot cascade reaction involving Suzuki cross-coupling and C-H arylation. The catalytic system provides a new and convenient way for the synthesis of versatile chiral dihydrophenanthridines with rich structures and broad functional group tolerance. Good to excellent yields with high enantioselectivities were generally achieved. The reaction mechanism of the cascade reaction was also preliminarily discussed.

Next-generation anti-PD-L1/IL-15 immunocytokine elicits superior antitumor immunity in cold tumors with minimal toxicity.

The clinical applications of immunocytokines are severely restricted by dose-limiting toxicities. To address this challenge, here we propose a next-generation immunocytokine concept involving the design of LH05, a tumor-conditional anti-PD-L1/interleukin-15 (IL-15) prodrug. LH05 innovatively masks IL-15 with steric hindrance, mitigating the "cytokine sink" effect of IL-15 and reducing systemic toxicities associated with wild-type anti-PD-L1/IL-15. Moreover, upon specific proteolytic cleavage within the tumor microenvironment, LH05 releases an active IL-15 superagonist, exerting potent antitumor effects. Mechanistically, the antitumor efficacy of LH05 depends on the increased infiltration of CD8+ T and natural killer cells by stimulating the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10, thereby converting cold tumors into hot tumors. Additionally, the tumor-conditional anti-PD-L1/IL-15 can synergize with an oncolytic virus or checkpoint blockade in advanced and metastatic tumor models. Our findings provide a compelling proof of concept for the development of next-generation immunocytokines, contributing significantly to current knowledge and strategies of immunotherapy.

A facile one step route that introduces functionality to polymer powders for laser sintering.

Laser Sintering (LS) is a type of Additive Manufacturing (AM) exploiting laser processing of polymeric particles to produce 3D objects. Because of its ease of processability and thermo-physical properties, polyamide-12 (PA-12) represents ~95% of the polymeric materials used in LS. This constrains the functionality of the items produced, including limited available colours. Moreover, PA-12 objects tend to biofoul in wet environments. Therefore, a key challenge is to develop an inexpensive route to introduce desirable functionality to PA-12. We report a facile, clean, and scalable approach to modification of PA-12, exploiting supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) and free radical polymerizations to yield functionalised PA-12 materials. These can be easily printed using commercial apparatus. We demonstrate the potential by creating coloured PA-12 materials and show that the same approach can be utilized to create anti-biofouling objects. Our approach to functionalise materials could open significant new applications for AM.

Application of atomic-scale mechanistic insights into carbon-catalyzed N2O reduction for kinetic modeling construction.

To achieve the collaborative elimination of N2O and carbon of potent greenhouse pollutants from automotive mobile sources, a chemical kinetic model is developed to accurately track the heterogeneous process of carbon-catalyzed N2O reduction based on density functional theory, with experimental data used to validate the model's reliability. The influence of carbon structure, site density, and surface chemical properties on N2O catalytic reduction can be analyzed within this system. Results reveal that the free-edge site of carbon accurately describes the catalytic reduction process of N2O. Adsorption of N2O to carbon edges in O-down, N-down, or parallel orientations exhibits an exothermic process with energy barriers. The N2O with O-down reduction pathway predominates due to the limitations imposed by the unitary carbon site. As the number of active carbon atoms at carbon edges increases, the N2O reaction mode tends towards parallel and N-down pathways, resulting in a significant enhancement of N2O conversion rates and a reduction in catalytic temperatures, with the lowest achievable temperature being 300 K. Furthermore, the triplet carbon structure exhibits higher efficiency in N2O catalytic reduction compared to the singlet carbon structure, achieving a remarkable N2O conversion rate of 93.8 % within the typical temperature exhaust window of diesel engines. This study supplies a breakthrough for carbon materials as catalysts for achieving high N2O conversion rates at low cost, which is important for the collaborative catalytic elimination of N2O and carbon black pollutants.

Water bridges as the trigger in an amino functionalized Zn-MOF for highly selective and sensitive fluorescent sensing of water.

Water is a fundamental element for life. The highly selective and sensitive sensing of water is always attractive for mankind in activities such as physiological processes study and extraterrestrial life exploration. Fluorescent MOFs with precise channels and functional groups might specifically recognize water molecules with hydrogen-bond interaction or coordination effects and work as water sensors. As a proof of concept, herein, an amino functionalized Zn-MOF (named as complex 1) with pores that just right for water molecules to form hydrogen bond bridges is revealed for highly selective and sensitive fluorescent sensing of water. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the 3D framework of complex 1 is functionalized with free amino groups in the channels. Hydrogen bonds formed in the channel along b-axis as water bridges to connect two adjacent NH2bdc ligands and result in the restriction of intramolecular motions (RIM) which could responsible for the selective turn-on fluorescence response to water. Complex 1 exhibits high sensitive to trace amount of water in organic solvents and could be used for water detection in a wide range water contents. Take advantages of complex 1, portable sensors (complex 1@PMMA) were prepared and used in the highly sensitive water sensing.

Perioperative immune checkpoint blockades improve prognosis of resectable non-small cell lung cancer.

OBJECTIVES: Immune checkpoint blockades (ICB) have been proven to improve prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer in the neoadjuvant setting, while whether its perioperative use could bring extra benefit remained unidentified. We aimed to demonstrate the prognostic benefit of perioperative ICB over preoperative-only use and investigate who could benefit from this 'sandwich ICB therapy'. METHODS: Patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery from 2018 to 2022 were retrospectively reviewed, and were divided into 4 groups based on the perioperative regimens: pre-ICB + post-computed tomography (CT), pre-ICB-only, pre-CT + post-ICB and pre-CT-only. Treatment-related adverse events, surgical outcomes, therapeutic response, recurrence-free survival and overall survival were compared. RESULTS: Of 214 enrolled patients with preoperative therapy, 108 underwent immunochemotherapy and 106 underwent platinum-based chemotherapy. Compared with preoperative chemotherapy, preoperative immunochemotherapy was demonstrated with significantly higher major pathologic response (57/108 vs 12/106) and pathologic complete response (35/108 vs 4/106) rates with comparable adverse events. Regarding survival, perioperative ICB significantly improved the recurrence-free survival [versus pre-CT-only hazard ratio (HR) 0.15; 95% CI 0.09-0.27; versus pre-ICB-only HR 0.36; 95% CI 0.15-0.88] and overall survival (versus pre-CT-only HR 0.24; 95% CI 0.08-0.68). In patients without major pathologic response, perioperative ICB was observed to decrease the risk of recurrence (HR 0.31; 95% CI 0.11-0.83) compared with preoperative ICB, and was an independent prognostic factor (P < 0.05) for recurrence-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: Perioperative ICB showed promising efficacy in improving pathological response and survival outcomes of resectable non-small cell lung cancer. For patients without major pathologic response after resection followed by preoperative ICB, sequential ICB treatment could be considered.

Polysaccharide hydrogel containing silver nanoparticle@catechol microspheres with photothermal, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities for infected-wounds repair.

Anti-infection hydrogels have recently aroused enormous attraction, particularly in the treatment of chronic wounds. Herein, silver nanoparticle@catechol formaldehyde resin microspheres (Ag@CFRs) were fabricated by one-step hydrothermal method and subsequently encapsulated in hydrogels which were developed by Schiff base reaction between aldehyde groups in oxidized hyaluronic acid and amino groups in carboxymethyl chitosan. The developed polysaccharide hydrogel exhibited microporous structure, high swelling capacity, favorable mechanical strength, enhanced tissue adhesion and photothermal activities. Additionally, the hydrogel not only ensured long-term and high-efficiency antibacterial performance (99.9 %) toward E. coli and S. aureus, but also realized superior cytocompatibility in vitro. Moreover, based on the triple antibacterial strategies endowed by chitosan, silver nanoparticles and the photothermal properties of catechol microspheres, the composite hydrogel exhibited excellent anti-infection function, significantly downregulated inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-1ß) and promoted in vivo infected-wound healing. These results demonstrated that the polysaccharide hydrogel containing Ag@CFRs has great potential for infected-wounds repair.