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1.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38988165

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The Paeoniaceae family contains only the Paeonia genus and is considered the major group of flowering plants. Several traditional and pharmacological applications of Paeoniaceae herbs have been described. The current paper aimed to determine the pharmacological activities of the most prevalent herbs from the genus Paeonia by focusing on the underlying mechanism of action and signaling pathways to provide insight for further in-depth research on the medicinal resources of Paeonia. METHOD: The "Paeoniaceae" keyword was searched from 1st January 1995 to 15th May 2024 through the PubMed and Scopus databases. Only papers related to pharmacology, pharmaceutics, and toxicology were extracted. The possible pharmacological activity of the Paeonia plants underlying their mechanism of action and signaling pathways was subsequently discussed. RESULTS: Following our venture, only 15 Paeonia herbs were adequately evaluated for their pharmacological applications. Paeonia lactiflora Pall., Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews, and Paeonia emodi Royle are among the most prevalent Paeonia plants that have attracted increased amounts of attention in modern pharmacological studies. Paeonia herbs possess various pharmacological applications, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anticancer, antimicrobial, cardiovascular protective, cosmetic and skincare, radical scavenging, hepatoprotective and anti-ulcerative, anti-diabetic, musculoskeletal, and neuroprotective effects, and can be used as alternative therapies under critical medical conditions. CONCLUSION: Among the applications of Paeonia herbs, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities are critical, as most of the other pharmacological effects are attributed to them. In other words, nuclear factor (NF)-κB and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) can be considered the most important signaling pathways involved in the pharmacological activity of Paeonia herbs.

2.
aBIOTECH ; 5(1): 115, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38576429

RESUMO

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s42994-021-00038-1.].

3.
J Integr Plant Biol ; 66(5): 849-864, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38131117

RESUMO

Maize is a major staple crop widely used as food, animal feed, and raw materials in industrial production. High-density planting is a major factor contributing to the continuous increase of maize yield. However, high planting density usually triggers a shade avoidance response and causes increased plant height and ear height, resulting in lodging and yield loss. Reduced plant height and ear height, more erect leaf angle, reduced tassel branch number, earlier flowering, and strong root system architecture are five key morphological traits required for maize adaption to high-density planting. In this review, we summarize recent advances in deciphering the genetic and molecular mechanisms of maize involved in response to high-density planting. We also discuss some strategies for breeding advanced maize cultivars with superior performance under high-density planting conditions.


Assuntos
Zea mays , Zea mays/genética , Zea mays/fisiologia , Zea mays/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Zea mays/anatomia & histologia , Melhoramento Vegetal/métodos , Adaptação Fisiológica
4.
Biotechnol Appl Biochem ; 69(2): 668-675, 2022 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33660355

RESUMO

Hyperlipidemia is a common metabolic disorder in the general population, which may arise in hypothyroidism. Apelin is an endogenous ligand that acts as an adiponectin, and is involved in energy storage and metabolism. This study evaluated the effects of apelin administration per se or in combination with T4 on the serum level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), body weight, and lipid profile, along with the serum level of apelin, and its mRNA expression in heart, in 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroid rats. Male Wistar rats were assigned to five different groups: control, H (hypothyroid), H+A, H+T, and H+A+T. All groups except the control one received PTU (0.05%) in the drinking water for 6 weeks. In addition to PTU, the H+A, H+T, and H+A+T groups received apelin (200 µg/kg/day, i.p.), l-thyroxin (T4) (20 µg/kg/day, via gavage tube), and apelin+T4 during the last 14 days of the trial, respectively. A combined application of T4 and apelin in the H+A+T group effectively diminished mean TSH level, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and atherogenic index in these animals when compared with these values for the H group. Coadministration of apelin with T4 may offer valuable therapeutic benefits, specifically lowering blood plasma TSH, lipid disorder, and atherosclerosis biomarkers in PTU-induced hypothyroid rats.


Assuntos
Apelina , Hipotireoidismo , Animais , Apelina/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Hipotireoidismo/induzido quimicamente , Hipotireoidismo/tratamento farmacológico , Lipídeos , Masculino , Propiltiouracila/toxicidade , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Tireotropina
5.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract ; 171: 108554, 2021 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33238175

RESUMO

We describe the advantages and diagnostic/prognostic significance of low-field, near-portable benchtop NMR spectrometers for the multicomponent metabolomics analysis of targeted and untargeted urinary biomarkers (≥15) in type 2 diabetes patients. Implementation of these facilities at 'point-of-care' clinical sites may yield valuable advantages for the sequential monitoring of diabetic and prediabetic individuals.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/urina , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Metabolômica/métodos , Sistemas Automatizados de Assistência Junto ao Leito/normas , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico
6.
Health Technol (Berl) ; 10(6): 1421-1426, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32837811

RESUMO

On 19 February 2020, Iran reported the initial cases of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). As of 21 March 2020, Iran had reported 175,927 COVID-19 cases, including 8425 deaths. One of the best approaches for responding to COVID-19 is rapid detection, early isolation, and quick treatment of the disease. Studies have stated that information technology (IT) is a powerful tool for detecting, tracking, and responding to pandemic diseases. Despite the importance of IT, a lack of efficient use of information technology capacity was observed after the emergence of the new cases of COVID-19 in Iran. A web-portal can integrate different services and technologies and can support interaction between non-governmental organizations (NGO) and universities. NGOs can provide services for public health utilizing technology and its advancements. One of the important duties of these organizations is to inform and provide integrated services to the general public. An interactive portal is one of the advanced technologies that these organizations can use for health management. Medical sciences of universities play a vital surveillance role for enhancing the performance quality of NGOs. A web-portal can be a collaboration tool between health-related NGOs and medical sciences of universities. In this study, an interactive portal was developed by NGOs and a university. NGOs under the supervision and participation of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences' Center for Social Factors Research in COVID-19 management division of this portal separated classified information into two sections, informatics and services. This portal is accessible to the general public, patients, service providers, and, importantly, policymakers and presents educational and medical research information to all users. For patients and the general public in high-risk environments, increasing information security, reducing confusion regarding finding needed information, and facilitating communication are only part of the portal's benefit. It seems that web-portal capacity is needed to control COVID-19 in the digital age. The collaboration of academic and university bodies in the context of health portals can play key roles for coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic.

7.
Exp Mol Pathol ; 115: 104443, 2020 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32380056

RESUMO

Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) or CD166 is a 100 to 105 KDa transmembrane immunoglobulin which is involved in activation of T-cells, hematopoiesis, neutrophils trans-endothelial migration, angiogenesis, inflammation and tumor propagation and invasiveness through formation of homophilic and heterophilic interactions. Recently, many studies have proposed that the expression pattern of ALCAM is highly associated with the grade, stage and invasiveness of tumors. Although ALCAM is a valuable prognostic marker in different carcinomas, similar expression patterns in different tumor types may be associated with completely different prognostic states, making it to be a tumor-type-dependent prognostic marker. In addition, ALCAM isoforms provide ways for primary detection of tumor cells with metastatic potential. More importantly, this prognostic marker has shown to be considerably dependent on the cytoplasmic and membranous expression, indirect and direct regulation of post-transcriptional molecules, pro-apoptotic proteins functionalities and several other oncogenic proteins or signalling pathways. This review mainly focuses on the pathways involved in expression of ALCAM and its prognostic value of in different types of cancers and the way in which it is regulated.


Assuntos
Molécula de Adesão de Leucócito Ativado/metabolismo , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Progressão da Doença , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/metabolismo , Molécula de Adesão de Leucócito Ativado/química , Molécula de Adesão de Leucócito Ativado/genética , Humanos , Invasividade Neoplásica , Metástase Neoplásica , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/patologia , Prognóstico
8.
High Throughput ; 8(1)2018 Dec 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30591692

RESUMO

Novel sensing technologies for liquid biopsies offer promising prospects for the early detection of metabolic conditions through omics techniques. Indeed, high-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) facilities are routinely used for metabolomics investigations on a range of biofluids in order to rapidly recognise unusual metabolic patterns in patients suffering from a range of diseases. However, these techniques are restricted by the prohibitively large size and cost of such facilities, suggesting a possible role for smaller, low-field NMR instruments in biofluid analysis. Herein we describe selected biomolecule validation on a low-field benchtop NMR spectrometer (60 MHz), and present an associated protocol for the analysis of biofluids on compact NMR instruments. We successfully detect common markers of diabetic control at low-to-medium concentrations through optimised experiments, including α-glucose (≤2.8 mmol/L) and acetone (25 µmol/L), and additionally in readily accessible biofluids, particularly human urine. We present a combined protocol for the analysis of these biofluids with low-field NMR spectrometers for metabolomics applications, and offer a perspective on the future of this technique appealing to 'point-of-care' applications.

9.
Microb Pathog ; 105: 226-230, 2017 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28215588

RESUMO

There is diversity in clinical outcome of Helicobacter pylori infection in different regions. Microbial, host and environmental factors seem to be reason of such variation. Considering microbial factors, we studied H. pylori genotypes and their association with clinical feature of the infection. Overall 160 H. pylori-positive patients were enrolled in this study. Clinical information and biopsy were collected from each patient. The presence of the major virulence genes were determined by PCR. Regardless to clinical outcomes, vacA, cagA, cagE, oipA, iceA1, babA2 and babB genes was positive in 100%, 69%, 51%, 55%, 26%,78% and 28% of 160 strains respectively. The s1m2 was more common vacA allels and s1a and m1a were predominant s and m regions. In patient with gastric cancer (GC), the oipA was less frequent while the iceA1 was the most common. The babA2 was common in all patient groups. The babB was significantly observed in strains isolated from patients with GC. There were significant association among cagA status with presence of vacAs1, vacAm2, cagE, oipA, iceA1 and babA2. Presence of the babB and oipA was connected with higher and lower risk for GC respectively. There was no association between the cagA, vacA, cagE or iceA status and clinical outcome in patients in Iran. We showed that presence of the babB and iceA1 were significantly connected with higher risk for gastric cancer development in Iranian dyspeptic patients while H. pylori isolates with positive oipA had little threat for leading patients to cancer.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Infecções por Helicobacter/virologia , Helicobacter pylori/genética , Adesinas Bacterianas/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antígenos de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Biópsia , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Bacteriano/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Genótipo , Infecções por Helicobacter/epidemiologia , Helicobacter pylori/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Virulência/genética , Fatores de Virulência/genética , Adulto Jovem
10.
J Acupunct Meridian Stud ; 9(3): 118-27, 2016 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27342885

RESUMO

Throughout the world, various parts of most Satureja species are traditionally used to treat patients with various diseases and complications. As for the presence of different classes of metabolites in Satureja and their numerous ethnomedical and ethnopharmacological applications, many species have been pharmacologically evaluated. The current work aimed to compile information from pharmacological studies on this savory for further investigations. The keyword Satureja was searched through Scopus and PubMed up to January 1, 2016. We found nearly 55 papers that dealt with the pharmacology of Satureja. We found that 13 species had been evaluated pharmacologically and that Satureja khuzestanica, Satureja bachtiarica, Satureja montana and Satureja hortensis appeared to be the most active, both clinically and phytopharmacologically. Regarding the content of rich essential oil, most evaluations were concerned with the antimicrobial properties. However, the antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticholesterolemic properties of the studied species were found to be good. In addition to the pharmacological activities that have been indentified for some species, opportunities still exist to assess the effectiveness of other well-known species. If different Satureja species are to have extensive ethnopharmacological applications, comprehensive assessments of the acute and chronic toxicities, as well as the teratogenicity, of those plants are needed.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Satureja/química , Animais , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Humanos , Fitoterapia , Satureja/classificação
11.
Saudi J Gastroenterol ; 17(4): 261-4, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21727733

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/AIM: Helicobacter pylori is an important pathogen for gastroduodenal diseases. Infection with H. pylori can be limited by regimens of multiple antimicrobial agents. However, antibiotic resistance is a leading cause of treatment failure. The aim of this study has been to determine the resistance patterns of H. pylori strains isolated from gastric biopsies of patients with dyspepsia by agar dilution method, in Tehran, Iran. PATIENTS AND METHODS: H. pylori isolates from patients with gastrointestinal diseases were evaluated for susceptibility testing by agar dilution method. Susceptibility testing was performed to commonly used antibiotics including clarithromycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, metronidazole and ciprofloxacin. RESULTS: Among 92 patients with dyspepsia, H. pylori strains were isolated from 42 patients. Seventeen (40.5%) of the isolates were resistant to metronidazole (MICs ≥ 8 µg/l), whereas one isolate (2.4%) was resistant to amoxicillin (MICs ≤ 0. 5 µg/ml) and ciprofloxacin (MICs ≤ 1µg/ml). The resistance rates to other antibiotics in H. pylori isolates are recorded as follows: clarithromycin 6 (14.3 %), tetracycline 2 (4.8%). In 5 of 42 resistant cases, combined resistance was found. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that metronidazole should be used among Iranian patients in first-line therapy with caution, and ciprofloxacin in association with amoxicillin and a proton pump inhibitor is more recommended.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Dispepsia/microbiologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Helicobacter pylori/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Biópsia por Agulha , Ciprofloxacina/farmacologia , Estudos de Coortes , Dispepsia/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Gastroscopia/métodos , Infecções por Helicobacter/diagnóstico , Helicobacter pylori/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Irã (Geográfico) , Masculino , Metronidazol/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Medição de Risco , Tetraciclina/farmacologia , População Urbana
12.
Pol J Microbiol ; 59(1): 61-6, 2010.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20568532

RESUMO

The geographical variation in Helicobacter pylori genotypes is an observed phenomenon. Cytotoxin associated genes A (cagA) and E (cagE), and vacuolating cytotoxin (vacA) genotypes of H. pylori are associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD). This study compared the distribution of these genotypes in Iranian and Afghani isolates and their association with clinical outcomes. H. pylori infected patients, as proven by positive culture, were recruited prospectively. A total of 70 patients, 55 Iranian (26 men and 29 women, mean age 48 +/- 18 years) and 15 Afghani immigrants (13 men and 2 women, mean age 34.8 +/- 11 years) living in Tehran, Iran were enrolled in this study. DNA was extracted from isolated H. pylori and polymerase chain reaction was carried out to determine the cagA and cagE status and vacA alleles. The number of gastric cancer, peptic ulcer and gastritis cases was 11, 23 and 36, respectively. The cagA positive isolates were more common in Iranian (67%) than Afghani isolates (60%). cagE was positive in 53% of Afghani compared to 51% of Iranian isolates. The most common vacA s-region genotype was s1; 80% in Afghani and 67% in Iranian. The slml was a frequently observed genotype in Afghani strains (53%) while s1m2 (47%) was more common in strains isolated from Iranian patients. There is a difference in the H. pylori strains between Iranian and Afghani groups, for instance Iranian isolates were similar to European isolates while Afghani isolates were similar to isolates from India. However, there was no significant association between cagA, cagE and vacA genotypes and clinical outcomes in Iranian and Afghani patients.


Assuntos
Helicobacter pylori/genética , Adulto , Afeganistão , Idoso , Antígenos de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Feminino , Genótipo , Helicobacter pylori/classificação , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico) , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
13.
Indian J Pathol Microbiol ; 53(1): 24-7, 2010.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20090217

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to detect dominant cagA/vacA genotypes of Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) and determine correlations between different cagA/vacA genotypes and histologic features of chronic gastritis in Iranian patients. METHODS: Gastric biopsy was taken from 166 patients with nonulcer dyspepsia. The specimens were processed and DNA from each H. pylori isolate was extracted from multiple colony sweeps for identification of glmM gene. The vacA subtypes and cagA gene were tested by PCR . Histopathological features were recorded and graded according to partial Sydney system. RESULTS: Of the 86 strains, 66 (76.7%) were cagA positive. The proportions of vacA gene subtypes s1, s2, m1 and m2 in the 78 strains isolated were 70.5%, 29.5%, 37.2% and 62.8%, respectively. About 83.3% of the vacA-positive strains had s1 allele. Twenty-six strains (33.3%) were positive for both cagA and m1 allele. Positive cagA status and vacA subtypes were not associated significantly with presence of neutrophil infiltration, intestinal metaplasia or H. pylori density. Only vacA s1 was significantly associated with more severe inflammation (P=0.02). The dominant genotype of H. pylori was vacA plus s1/m2. CagA gene positivity rate was not closely associated with severity of the disease. CONCLUSION: H. pylori strains showing vacA s1 genotype were associated with more severe gastritis. These findings show that vacA genotyping may have clinical relevance in Iran.


Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/classificação , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Infecções por Helicobacter/microbiologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/patologia , Helicobacter pylori/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biópsia , Estudos Transversais , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Feminino , Gastrite/patologia , Genótipo , Helicobacter pylori/isolamento & purificação , Histocitoquímica , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico) , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Estatística como Assunto , Adulto Jovem
14.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 25(1): 172-7, 2010 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19793167

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The 3' region of the cagA gene, the most well-known virulence factor of Helicobacter pylori, contains Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) motifs. Four segments flanking the EPIYA motifs, EPIYA-A, -B, -C, or -D, were reported to play important roles in H. pylori-related gastroduodenal pathogenesis. The aim was to determine the roles of EPIYA segments in gastroduodenal pathogenesis in an Iranian population. METHODS: A total of 92 cagA-positive Iranian strains isolated from dyspepsia patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia (n = 77), peptic ulcer (n = 11) and gastric cancer (n = 4) were studied. The EPIYA motif genotyping was determined by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. RESULTS: A total of 86 (93.5%) strains had three copies of EPIYA (ABC type), three (3.3%) had four copies (ABCC type) and three (3.3%) had two copies (AB type). The alignment of the deduced protein sequences confirmed that there were no East Asian type EPIYA-D sequences (EPIYATIDFDEANQAG) in Iranian strains. When the prevalence of strains with multiple EPIYA-C segments in Iran was compared with previously published data, it was much lower than that in Colombia and Italy, but was higher than that of Iraq, and the patterns were parallel to the incidence of gastric cancer in these countries. CONCLUSION: The structure of the 3' region of the cagA gene in Iranian strains was Western type. Although we could not find differences between EPIYA types and clinical outcomes, low prevalence of strains with multiple EPIYA-C segments might be reasons for low incidence of gastric cancer in Iran.


Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Dispepsia/microbiologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/microbiologia , Helicobacter pylori/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/microbiologia , Úlcera Gástrica/microbiologia , Adulto , Motivos de Aminoácidos/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Povo Asiático , Dispepsia/etnologia , Feminino , Genótipo , Infecções por Helicobacter/complicações , Infecções por Helicobacter/etnologia , Helicobacter pylori/química , Helicobacter pylori/isolamento & purificação , Helicobacter pylori/patogenicidade , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico) , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Fenótipo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Alinhamento de Sequência , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Análise de Sequência de Proteína , Neoplasias Gástricas/etnologia , Úlcera Gástrica/etnologia
15.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 24(8): 1380-6, 2009 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19702906

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIM: There are geographical variations in Helicobacter pylori virulence genes; cagA, cagE, vacA and oipA. The present study compared the distribution of these genotypes in major ethnic groups residing in Tehran, Iran and their association with clinical outcomes. METHODS: A total of 124 H. pylori-positive patients living in Tehran were enrolled in this study. The ethnic distribution was 74 Persians, 33 Turks and 17 other ethnics including Kurds, Lurs, Afghanis and Arabs. The presence of the cagA, cagE and oipA genes and vacA alleles (signal [s] and middle [m] region) were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from H. pylori DNA. RESULTS: The cagA-positive status was predominant in all three ethnic groups (e.g. 65% in Persians and 73% in Turks). In contrast, the cagE-positive status was less than half in Persians (47%) and Turks (30%), whereas it was 77% in other ethnicities (P = 0.008). The predominant vacA genotypes were s1 and m1 in all three ethnic groups (e.g. 68% in Persians and 70% in Turks were s1). There was no significant association between cagA and cagE status or vacA genotypes and clinical outcomes. The oipA-positive strains were more common in non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) (63%) than in peptic ulcer patients (15%) (P = 0.001) in Persians, but the association was not observed in other ethnic groups. CONCLUSION: There are some differences in the H. pylori genotypes among the ethnic groups in Iran. However, none of these markers seemed to be clinically helpful in predicting the clinical presentation of a H. pylori infection in Iran.


Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Etnicidade/genética , Infecções por Helicobacter/etnologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/microbiologia , Helicobacter pylori/genética , Adulto , DNA Bacteriano/isolamento & purificação , Dispepsia/etnologia , Dispepsia/microbiologia , Feminino , Gastroscopia , Genótipo , Infecções por Helicobacter/complicações , Infecções por Helicobacter/patologia , Helicobacter pylori/patogenicidade , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Úlcera Péptica/etnologia , Úlcera Péptica/microbiologia , Fenótipo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Neoplasias Gástricas/etnologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/microbiologia , População Urbana , Virulência/genética
16.
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 21(10): 1199-205, 2009 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19455046

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: End-stage liver disease is a medical problem with high morbidity and mortality. We have investigated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of using autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a treatment. METHODS: Eight patients (four hepatitis B, one hepatitis C, one alcoholic, and two cryptogenic) with end-stage liver disease having Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score > or =10 were included. Autologous MSCs were taken from iliac crest. Approximately, 30-50 million MSCs were proliferated and injected into peripheral or the portal vein. Liver function and clinical features were evaluated at baseline and 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 weeks after injection. RESULTS: Treatment was well tolerated by all patients. Liver function improved as verified by the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, which decreased from 17.9+/-5.6 to 10.7+/-6.3 (P<0.05) and prothrombin complex from international normalized ratio 1.9+/-0.4 to 1.4+/-0.5 (P<0.05). Serum creatinine decreased from 114+/-35 to 80+/-18 micromol/l (P<0.05). Serum albumin changed from 30+/-5 to 33+/-5 g/l and bilirubin from 46+/-29 to 41+/-31 micromol/l. No adverse effects were noted. CONCLUSION: Our data show that MSCs injection can be used for the treatment of end-stage liver disease with satisfactory tolerability. Furthermore, this treatment may improve clinical indices of liver function in end-stage liver disease.


Assuntos
Cirrose Hepática/terapia , Fígado/fisiopatologia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Diferenciação Celular , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Seguimentos , Hepatócitos/citologia , Humanos , Cirrose Hepática/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Transplante de Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/efeitos adversos , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/citologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento
17.
Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol ; 20(3): e56-62, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20808457

RESUMO

A study was performed to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Shigella species and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolates cultured from patients with acute diarrhea in Tehran, Iran. Between May 2003 and May 2005, 1120 diarrheal specimens were collected and assayed for bacterial enteropathogens by conventional and molecular methods. Etiological agents were isolated from 564 (50.3%) specimens, and included 305 (54%) E coli, 157 (27.8%) Shigella species, and 102 (18%) from other genera of bacteria. The predominant E coli was Shiga toxin-producing E coli (105 isolates [34.5%]) and the predominant Shigella serotype was Shigella sonnei (88 isolates [56.1%]). A high rate of antibiotic resistance was observed among E coli, with 40 of 53 (75.5%) Shiga toxin-producing E coli isolates resistant to amoxicillin and tetra-cycline, and eight (5.2%) E coli isolates resistant to more than six antibiotics. Most Shigella isolates were resistant to tetracycline (95%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (91.7%), with greatest antibiotic resistance observed among S sonnei (53 of 88 [60.2%] isolates). Antibiotic resistance is widespread in diarrheagenic E coli and Shigella in children with acute diarrhea in Tehran, Iran; hence, updated strategies for appropriate use of antimicrobial agents in Iran are needed.

18.
Jpn J Infect Dis ; 61(4): 269-73, 2008 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18653967

RESUMO

During a study examining causes of diarrhea from May 2004 to May 2005, 808 stool specimens were collected from patients with acute diarrhea in Tehran. Fecal samples were cultured and identified according to the standard biochemical methods. Molecular identification of enteropathogens was carried out by amplification of their virulence genes by polymerase chain reaction. A total of 369 (45.6%) bacterial pathogens were recovered from 808 patients as follows: Shigella spp., 155 (45.6%); diarrheagenic Escherichia coli 143 (38.8%); Salmonella spp., 51 (13.8%); and Campylobacter spp., 20 (5.4%). Most of the diarrheagenic E. coli were Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, with 64 (44.7%) isolates, followed by 47 (32.9%) enterotoxigenic E. coli isolates; among Shigella spp. isolates, 69 (44.5%) Shigella flexneri were predominant. The molecular diagnosis of enteropathogens yielded a more accurate characterization of the prevalence of diarrhea-causing bacterial strains in Iran. The present study revealed a high prevalence of Shigella and diarrheagenic E. coli as the predominant causes of bacterial diarrhea in this region of the world. These two types of bacteria should therefore be considered when designing preventive strategies for people living in Iran.


Assuntos
Diarreia , Bactérias Gram-Negativas , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , DNA Bacteriano/análise , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Diarreia/microbiologia , Diarreia/fisiopatologia , Fezes/microbiologia , Feminino , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/classificação , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/genética , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/patogenicidade , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/epidemiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Prevalência
19.
Jpn J Infect Dis ; 61(4): 290-3, 2008 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18653971

RESUMO

Mosaicism in vacA alleles with two distinct families of vacA signal sequences (s1 and s2) and two distinct families of middle region alleles (m1 and m2) has been reported. Research suggests that the vacA s1 genotype is closely associated with duodenal ulcer disease and with high cytotoxin production. The aims of this study were to evaluate the role of vacA genotyping with respect to gastric inflammation and injury, and clinical presentation in Iranian populations. Genomic DNA of biopsy specimens from patients with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), or gastric cancer (GC) were characterized based on ureC (glmM), cagA, and vacA genotyping by using polymerase chain reaction. Of 167 patients including 33 with PUDs, 129 with non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD), and 5 with GC, 96 (57.5%) cases were infected by Helicobacter pylori. Among these patients, H. pylori were isolated from 19 (57.7%) PUD patients, 74 (68.7%) NUD patients, and 3 (60%) GC patients. The cagA was detected in 76% of H. pylori-positive cases. The vacA s1-m2 genotype was the most prevalent in 7/19 PUD (37%) and 30/74 NUD (40.5%) patients with H. pylori infection. The prevalence of vacA s2-m1 (8%) was high in Iranian isolates. A significant association was not found between H. pylori genotypes and clinical outcomes. The vacA genotypes and cagA status were not useful markers for gastroduodenal diseases in Tehran, Iran.


Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Infecções por Helicobacter/epidemiologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/fisiopatologia , Helicobacter pylori/patogenicidade , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antígenos de Bactérias/metabolismo , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Criança , Feminino , Gastrite/epidemiologia , Gastrite/microbiologia , Gastrite/fisiopatologia , Genótipo , Infecções por Helicobacter/microbiologia , Helicobacter pylori/genética , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Úlcera Péptica/epidemiologia , Úlcera Péptica/microbiologia , Úlcera Péptica/fisiopatologia , Prevalência , Neoplasias Gástricas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/microbiologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/fisiopatologia
20.
Saudi Med J ; 29(3): 388-92, 2008 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18327365

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To identify and classify Iranian isolates of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) on the basis of presence of virulence genes and to determine antibiotic susceptibility of isolated strains. METHODS: The current cross-sectional study was conducted in 2005 at the Pasteur Institute, Tehran, Iran. One hundred and ninety-three diarrheagenic E. coli isolated from diarrheal patients in different regions of Iran were included in current study. Virulence factor genes for diarrheagenic E. coli were detected by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Of the 193 diarrheagenic E. coli detected by PCR, 86 (44.5%) were Shiga toxin-producing E. coli STEC, 74 (38.4%) enteropathogenic E. coli EPEC, 19 (9.8%) enteroaggregative E. coli, and 14 (7.3%) enterotoxigenic E. coli isolates. Susceptibility to 12 clinically important antimicrobial agents was determined for 193 strains of diarrheagenic E. coli. A high incidence of resistance to tetracycline (63%), ampicillin (62%), streptomycin (56%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (44.5%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (39.5%), and cephalothin (37%) was observed. CONCLUSION: The STEC and EPEC strains with high resistance to tetracycline and ampicillin, but highly susceptible to quinolones are among the most important causative agent of diarrhea in Iran. This study suggests that antimicrobial resistance is widespread among E. coli strains colonizing Iranian patients. Guidelines for appropriate use of antibiotics in developing countries require updating.


Assuntos
Farmacorresistência Bacteriana/genética , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/genética , Estudos Transversais , Diarreia/microbiologia , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana
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