In-situ capture and conversion of atmospheric CO2 into nano-CaCO3 using a novel pathway based on deep eutectic choline chloride-calcium chloride.

This study presents a newfangled method and provides a new approach toward capturing-entrapping the toxic and harmful greenhouse gas CO2 and subsequently employing it as a useful precursor for the production of value-added calcite (CaCO3) nanoparticles. All the processes are done in a single system (one-pot and in-situ processing) based on deep eutectic choline chloride-calcium chloride (Calcoline) at mild temperature of 50 °C in direct contact with air. The Calcoline eutectic mixture shows the calcite production yield of 6.2 mg/ml that is reduced up to 22.6% upon recycling. The eutectic mixture provides an interesting all-in-one system acting as carbon dioxide trapper/adsorbent, solvent to solubilize CO2, and reagent to convert solubilized CO2 into pure calcite nanoparticles with average particle size of 30 nm. The featured properties of the developed method including simplicity, recyclability, mobility, affordability, and sustainability make it feasible for large scale applications by which the simultaneous elimination of CO2 from the environment and conversion of it into value added nano-products will be practicable.

Bone reconstruction in rat calvarial defects by chitosan/hydroxyapatite nanoparticles scaffold loaded with unrestricted somatic stem cells.

Calcium phosphates are one of the biomaterials that are used for bone regeneration. In this study, Hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles with chitosan gel filled with unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) were used for healing calvarial bone in rat model. The healing effects of these injectable scaffolds with and without stem cells for bone regeneration were investigated by computed tomography (CT) analysis and pathology assays after 28 days of grafting. The results of CT analysis showing bone regeneration on the scaffolds, also the amounts of regenerated new bone for USSC scaffold was significantly greater than the scaffold without cell and untreated controls. Therefore, the combination of scaffold especially with USSC is considered as a useful method for bone regeneration.

Bone formation in calvarial defects by injectable nanoparticular scaffold loaded with stem cells.

OBJECTIVE: Calcium phosphates are one of biomaterials that are used for bone regeneration. In this study, calcium phosphate nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HA)/fluorapatite (FA),with chitosan gel filled with unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) were used for healing calvarial bone in rat model. METHODS: The healing effects of these injectable scaffolds, with and without stem cells, in bone regeneration were investigated by computed tomography (CT) analysis and pathology assays after 28 days of grafting. RESULTS: The results of CT analysis showed that bone regeneration on the scaffolds, and the amounts of regenerated new bone for USSC scaffold were significantly greater than the scaffold without cell and untreated controls. CONCLUSION: Therefore, the combination of scaffold especially with USSC could be considered as a useful method for bone regeneration.