Megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome complicated by perforation.

Megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) is a quite rare congenital and fatal disease. The disease is three to four times more prevalent in females than males. Most of the cases die within the early months of their lives. We present the case of a newborn male with antenatal ultrasound suggesting the diagnosis of MMIHS. The case was admitted for perforation complicated with prematurity after birth. This case is th e only one where MMIHS presented as perforation.

Orchidopexy san ligation technique of orchidopexy.

Pediatric hernia surgery is the most common operation done by pediatric general surgeons and it is a core competency for general surgeons in the developing world. Herniotomy is performed for the surgical repair of hernia and along with orchiopexy for the closure of associated patent processus vaginalis. Traditionally, ligation of hernial sac during orchiopexy is considered mandatory to prevent postoperative development of hernia. The present report was designed to study the results of non-ligation of the hernial sac during orchiopexy. It was found that non-ligation has no untoward effect on early complications and recurrence rate on long-term follow-up. It is suggested that it is not necessary to ligate the hernial sac during orchiopexy in children.

Primary right atrial sarcoma.

Primary malignant tumors of heart are rare with unfavorable prognosis and are mostly diagnosed on autopsy. They have varied presentation and are difficult to diagnose. Most of the cases are benign and others are sarcomas. Here we present a case of primary cardiac sarcoma which had varied presentation and was undiagnosed due to non specific symptoms. Diagnosis of atrial tumor was confirmed on histopathological examination of tissue obtained after thoracotomy. Being inoperable, the patient was given palliative chemotherapy with which we could provide her a better quality of life.

Co-existing tubercular axillary lymphadenitis with carcinoma breast can falsely over-stage the disease--case series.

The synchronous occurrence of tuberculosis and carcinoma in breast is unusual. The simultaneous occurrence of both the diseases can complicate the neoplastic disease. The diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in a patient with cancer assumes importance as it can prevent high mortality in patients with co-existent disease and thereby create problems in treatment decision. Axillary lymph node enlargement in breast cancer patient is not always caused by metastatic tumour of the breast even in the ipsilateral axillary nodes. We present here six case reports as an example of tuberculous axillary lymphadenitis co-existing with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. Accurate diagnosis has helped in down-staging carcinoma of the breast and also in identifying curable disease.

Basal cell carcinoma over chest wall (sternum) treated with dufourmentel flap: report of a case with review of literature.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy of the skin, accounting for approximately 70-80% of all cutaneous cancers. The commonest site of basal cell carcinoma is the face; 80% arise above a line from the corner of the mouth to the ear lobe. The lifetime ultraviolet radiation damage is the most important factor in its pathogenesis, and the vast majority is observed on sun-exposed skin. BCCs can develop in sun-protected areas, but its occurrence is rare. Here we are reporting a case of rare site of BCC with review of literature in a 65-year-old male who presented with a lesion over anterior chest wall. A clinical diagnosis of BCC was made and patient was subjected to excision biopsy. Biopsy revealed it to be a BCC and it was treated with a Dufourmentel flap.

Saxophone penis due to primary lymphoedema.

Congenital lymphoedema is a rare disorder that may result in disfiguring edema of the male genitalia. The treatment of persistent lymphoedema is surgical and consists of meticulous excision of all subcutaneous layers of the affected skin, combined with reconstruction of the penis and or scrotum.