Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 6 de 6
Filtrar
Mais filtros










Base de dados
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Pediatr Infect Dis J ; 43(4): 378-389, 2024 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38145402

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The early-life intestinal microbiome plays an important role in the development and regulation of the immune system. It is unknown whether the administration of vaccines influences the composition of the intestinal microbiome. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine given in the first few days of life influences the abundance of bacterial taxa and metabolic pathways in the intestinal microbiome at 1 week of age. METHODS: Healthy, term-born neonates were randomized at birth to receive BCG or no vaccine within the first few days of life. Stool samples were collected at 1 week of age from 335 neonates and analyzed using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and functional analyses. RESULTS: The composition of the intestinal microbiome was different between neonates born by cesarean section (CS) and those born vaginally. Differences in the composition between BCG-vaccinated and BCG-naïve neonates were only minimal. CS-born BCG-vaccinated neonates had a higher abundance of Staphylococcus lugdunensis compared with CS-born BCG-naïve neonates. The latter had a higher abundance of Streptococcus infantis and Trabulsiella guamensis . Vaginally-born BCG-vaccinated neonates had a higher abundance of Clostridiaceae and Streptococcus parasanguinis compared with vaginally-born BCG-naïve neonates, and a lower abundance of Veillonella atypica and Butyricimonas faecalis. Metabolic pathways that were differently abundant between BCG-vaccinated and BCG-naïve neonates were mainly those involved in sugar degradation and nucleotide/nucleoside biosynthesis. CONCLUSION: BCG given in the first few days of life has little effect on the composition of the intestinal microbiome at 1 week of age but does influence the abundance of certain metabolic pathways.


Assuntos
Vacina BCG , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Gravidez , Cesárea , Vacinação , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto
2.
Front Pediatr ; 11: 1169651, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37397142

RESUMO

Introduction: The intestinal microbiome forms a major reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Little is known about the neonatal intestinal resistome. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the intestinal resistome and factors that influence the abundance of ARGs in a large cohort of neonates. Methods: Shotgun metagenomics was used to analyse the resistome in stool samples collected at 1 week of age from 390 healthy, term-born neonates who did not receive antibiotics. Results: Overall, 913 ARGs belonging to 27 classes were identified. The most abundant ARGs were those conferring resistance to tetracyclines, quaternary ammonium compounds, and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin-B. Phylogenetic composition was strongly associated with the resistome composition. Other factors that were associated with the abundance of ARGs were delivery mode, gestational age, birth weight, feeding method, and antibiotics in the last trimester of pregnancy. Sex, ethnicity, probiotic use during pregnancy, and intrapartum antibiotics had little effect on the abundance of ARGs. Conclusion: Even in the absence of direct antibiotic exposure, the neonatal intestine harbours a high abundance and a variety of ARGs.

3.
Front Behav Neurosci ; 16: 885775, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35990722

RESUMO

The genus Danionella comprises some of the smallest known vertebrate species and is evolutionary closely related to the zebrafish, Danio rerio. With its optical translucency, rich behavioral repertoire, and a brain volume of just 0.6 mm3, Danionella cerebrum (Dc) holds great promise for whole-brain in vivo imaging analyses with single cell resolution of higher cognitive functions in an adult vertebrate. Little is currently known, however, about the basic locomotor activity of adult and larval Danionella cerebrum and how it compares to the well-established zebrafish model system. Here, we provide a comparative developmental analysis of the larval locomotor activity of Dc and AB wildtype as well as crystal zebrafish in a light-dark test. We find similarities but also differences in both species, most notably a striking startle response of Dc following a sudden dark to light switch, whereas zebrafish respond most strongly to a sudden light to dark switch. We hypothesize that the different startle responses in both species may stem from their different natural habitats and could represent an opportunity to investigate how neural circuits evolve to evoke different behaviors in response to environmental stimuli.

4.
Commun Biol ; 3(1): 311, 2020 06 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32546816

RESUMO

While microfluidics enables chemical stimuli application with high spatio-temporal precision, light-sheet microscopy allows rapid imaging of entire zebrafish brains with cellular resolution. Both techniques, however, have not been combined to monitor whole-brain neural activity yet. Unlike conventional microfluidics, we report here an all-glass device (NeuroExaminer) that is compatible with whole-brain in vivo imaging using light-sheet microscopy and can thus provide insights into brain function in health and disease.


Assuntos
Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Dispositivos Lab-On-A-Chip , Microscopia/instrumentação , Peixe-Zebra , Animais , Animais Geneticamente Modificados , Sinalização do Cálcio , Desenho Assistido por Computador , Desenho de Equipamento , Vidro , Hidrodinâmica , Larva , Microfluídica/instrumentação , Microscopia/métodos , Peixe-Zebra/genética
5.
BMJ Open ; 10(6): e036275, 2020 06 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32580987

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: There is compositional overlap between the maternal intestinal microbiome, the breast milk microbiome and the infant oral and intestinal microbiome. Antibiotics cause profound changes in the microbiome. However, the effect of intrapartum and early-life antibiotics on the maternal intestinal and breast milk microbiome, and the infant oral and intestinal microbiome, and whether effects are only short term or persist long term remain uncertain. METHODS AND ANALYSES: In this prospective cohort study, we will use metagenomic sequencing to determine: (1) the effect of intrapartum antibiotics on the composition of the breast milk, and the infant oral and intestinal microbiome, including the development and persistence of antibiotic resistance; (2) the effect of antibiotic exposure in the first year of life on the composition of the infant oral and intestinal microbiome, including the development and persistence of antibiotic resistance; (3) the effect of disruption of the infant oral and intestinal microbiome on health outcomes and (4) the compositional overlap between the maternal intestinal microbiome, the breast milk microbiome and the infant oral and intestinal microbiome. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The ABERRANT study has been approved by the commission cantonale d'éthique de la recherche sur l'être humain (CER-VD) du Canton de Vaud (#2019-01567). Outcomes will be disseminated through publication and will be presented at scientific conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04091282.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/efeitos adversos , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/induzido quimicamente , Protocolos Clínicos , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Eczema/epidemiologia , Feminino , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/genética , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade/epidemiologia , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Metagenômica , Leite Humano/química , Leite Humano/microbiologia , Otite Média/epidemiologia , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Doenças Respiratórias/epidemiologia
6.
Eur J Neurosci ; 40(9): 3302-15, 2014 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25145867

RESUMO

The brain reward circuitry plays a key role in emotional and motivational behaviors, and its dysfunction underlies neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, depression and drug addiction. Here, we characterized the neuronal activity pattern induced by acute amphetamine administration and during drug-seeking behavior in the zebrafish, and demonstrate the existence of conserved underlying brain circuitry. Combining quantitative analyses of cfos expression with neuronal subtype-specific markers at single-cell resolution, we show that acute d-amphetamine administration leads to both increased neuronal activation and the recruitment of neurons in the medial (Dm) and the lateral (Dl) domains of the adult zebrafish pallium, which contain homologous structures to the mammalian amygdala and hippocampus, respectively. Calbindin-positive and glutamatergic neurons are recruited in Dm, and glutamatergic and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAergic) neurons in Dl. The drug-activated neurons in Dm and Dl are born at juvenile stage rather than in the embryo or during adulthood. Furthermore, the same territory in Dm is activated during both drug-seeking approach and light avoidance behavior, while these behaviors do not elicit activation in Dl. These data identify the pallial territories involved in acute psychostimulant response and reward formation in the adult zebrafish. They further suggest an evolutionarily conserved function of amygdala-like structures in positive emotions and motivated behavior in zebrafish and mammals.


Assuntos
Dextroanfetamina/administração & dosagem , Comportamento de Procura de Droga/fisiologia , Neurônios/fisiologia , Telencéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Telencéfalo/fisiologia , Fatores Etários , Tonsila do Cerebelo/efeitos dos fármacos , Tonsila do Cerebelo/fisiologia , Animais , Condicionamento Clássico/fisiologia , Emoções/fisiologia , Neurônios GABAérgicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Neurônios GABAérgicos/fisiologia , Ácido Glutâmico/metabolismo , Motivação/fisiologia , Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-fos/metabolismo , Recompensa , Peixe-Zebra/fisiologia
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...