RESUMO
Colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for one of the main cancer-related mortality and morbidity worldwide. The molecular mechanisms of CRC development have been broadly investigated and, over the last decade, it has become evident that aberrant transcription of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small, noncoding RNA molecules, has a significant role in the inception and promotion of CRC. In the involved tissues of CRC, the transcription profile of miRNAs is modulated, and their expression templates are related with prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes. Here, in the current review, we attempted to discuss the latest information regarding the aberrantly expressed miRNAs in CRC and the advantages of utilizing miRNAs as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of CRC as well as potential therapeutic application. The effect of miRNAs involved in various signaling pathways, primarily p53, EGFR, Wnt, and TGF-ß pathways, was clarified.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais , MicroRNAs , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Prognóstico , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to provide an understanding of the relationship between the ethical climate at the workplace and job satisfaction among nurses. METHODS: 210 nurses working in selected wards in the Tehran University of Medical Sciences were asked to fill out questionnaires on their work environment and level of job satisfaction. The data collection tools included a questionnaire to obtain demographic data, the Olson moral climate questionnaire and Minnesota job satisfaction questionnaire. The data were analysed using SPSS software version 14. RESULTS: We found a significant positive relationship between the ethical climate and the level of job satisfaction among the nurses. Among the demographic variables, the working shift, income level and type of duties allocated had a significant relationship with job satisfaction. CONCLUSION: Hospital managements should pay attention to the factors influencing job motivation among nurses, including the ethical climate of the work environment.
