New Synthesis of 1,1-Substituted Hydrazines by Alkylation of N-Acyl- or N-alkyloxycarbonylaminophthalimide Using the Mitsunobu Protocol.

N-acyl- and N-alkoxycarbonylaminophthalimides are prepared using a convenient reaction and are efficiently used as acid partners in Mitsunobu reaction. This reaction allows them to be alkylated by primary, secondary or benzyl groups. Comparison of the reactivities and pK(a) values of these N-substituted aminophthalimides suggest that the success of the Mitsunobu reaction in this case seems to be governed more by steric than by electronic effects. A final dephthaloylation step results in an efficient method for the preparation of 1,1-substituted hydrazines.

Novel indole-2-carboxamide and cycloalkeno[1,2-b]indole derivatives. Structure-activity relationships for high inhibition of human LDL peroxidation.

Series of indole-2-carboxamide and cycloalkeno[1,2-b]indole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated in order to determine the necessary structural requirements for a high inhibition of human LDL copper-induced peroxidation. Various modulations were systematically performed on the indole and cycloalkeno[1,2-b]indole nuclei as well as on the carboxamide moiety. The best compounds (3c, 3e, 7c, 7f, 7h, 7g, and 7o) are between 5 and 30 times more active than probucol itself. Two of these compounds (3c and 7o) were selected for complementary in vitro and in vivo investigations, which have shown additional properties of interest for the treatment and the prevention of atherosclerosis injuries. Compound 3c was found to have some antiinflammatory properties while compound 7o was proved to protect endothelial cells from the direct cytotoxicity of oxidized LDL with some additional calcium channel blocking properties.

Synthesis and structure of new bronchospasmolytic agents. I.

The crystal structures of two phenylethanolamines showing bronchospasmolytic activity have been determined at room temperature [293 (2) K]. Crystal data are as follows: 11-morpholinotricyclo[6.3.0.0(2,7)]undeca-2,4,6-trien-l-ol (3), C15H19NO2, M(r) = 245.3, triclinic, P1, a = 10.360 (5), b = 12.169 (5), c = 12.488 (4) A, alpha = 95.14 (10), beta = 108.49 (12), gamma = 114.69 (5) degrees, V = 1311 (2) A3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.243 Mg m-3, Cu K alpha 1 radiation, lambda = 1.540562 A, mu = 0.618 mm-1, F(000) = 528, R = 0.0537 for 3009 observed reflections; 4-morpholino-1,2-benzocyclononen-3-ol monohydrate (5), C17H25NO2.H2O, M(r) = 293.4, monoclinic, P2(1)/c, a = 10.063 (9), b = 19.398 (5), c = 8.670 (5) A, beta = 110.56 (1) degree, V = 1585 (2) A3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.230 Mg m-3, Mo K alpha 1 radiation, lambda = 0.709300 A, mu = 0.0778 mm-1, F(000) = 640, R = 0.0376 for 1407 observed reflections. The stereochemistry of compound (3) is found to be 'all cis', which allows the mechanism of formation of these compounds to be interpreted. The various aspects of the conformations of these molecules are discussed.

A new series of tricyclic (aryloximino)propanolamines displaying very high selective beta 2-blocking properties.

A new class of indanones 4 easily obtained by aryne type condensations, followed by transposition of the benzocyclobutanols 3 thus formed, were transformed into the corresponding oximinopropanolamines 7. These compounds were studied for their potential beta-blocking properties. It was found that 7 have generally low beta 1-blocking properties. Their beta 2-blocking action varies from low to very high. Interestingly one of them (7b) has the highest beta 2 activity/beta 1 activity (343) value known to date.