Decreased staging of differentiated thyroid cancer in patients with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis.

PURPOSE: The biological association between chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT) and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has not been elucidated yet. The aim of the study was to assess whether the presence of CLT exerts any influence on clinical or histological presentation of DTC. METHODS: Nine hundred and seven consecutive patients with DTC treated in the years 1998-2016 were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of concomitant CLT. The statistical differences were analysed. RESULTS: Out of 907 patients included in the study, 331 were diagnosed with DTC and CLT (studied group), while 576 patients with DTC but without CLT constituted a control group. The distribution of papillary and follicular thyroid cancer did not differ. In CLT group, the prevalence of pT1 was greater than for pT2-pT4 DTC (P = 0.0003; OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.27-2.24) compared to controls (68.3 vs. 56.1%, respectively). The presence of multifocal lesions was similar. The thyroid capsule infiltration without extrathyroidal invasion (P < 0.0001; OR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.14-0.31) was more frequent in the studied group, unlike extracapsular invasion, which was significantly more often present in patients with DTC but without CLT (P = 0.004; OR = 1.66; 95% CI 1.17-2.34) as well as nodal involvement (P = 0.048; OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.42-0.99). CONCLUSIONS: The collected data indicate a protective role of CLT in preventing the spread of the DTC. The presence of CLT might limit tumour growth to the primary site.

[Adolescents and contraception. What should the pediatrician know? (Part 2)]. / Les adolescents et la contraception. Que devrait savoir le pédiatre? (2e partie).

Many adolescents are sexually active and reproductive health is an important aspect of adolescent medicine. However, pediatricians are often uncomfortable with the issues of sexuality and contraception, for which they have not been particularly trained. The general purpose of this article is to increase pediatricians' sense of competence with adolescents, particularly when having to deal with or counsel on such a sensitive issue as contraception. This second of two parts addresses confidentiality and prescription of oral contraceptives to minors, how to ask questions about sexual and reproductive life, best initial choice and eventual subsequent switch of contraceptive pill, acne and oral contraception, problems with mental handicap, and finally, what about boys. Pediatricians interested in the care of adolescents are strongly invited to keep developing their expertise in the field of sexuality, contraception and reproductive health.

[A cause of fetal ascites during intrauterine ileus with perforatio intesine]. / Przypadek izolowanego wodobrzusza plodu, w przebiegu wewnatrzmacicznej niedroznosci jelit z perforacja.

Fetal ascites may be caused by different abnormalities. Determining of the cause is very important in terms and the way of treatment. Some cases may require immediate interaction. We presented fetal ascites with atresio intensive with intrauterine perforation--the way of diagnosis and success of therapy.

Critical loads and steady-state chemistry for streams in the state of Maryland.

The critical loads to streams, steady-state stream chemistry and catchment chemical weathering rate in 73 catchments has been determined in the state of Maryland, USA. It was calculated with the PROFILE model from chemical limits for biological indicators, soil mineralogy, soil texture, annual average temperature, average soil moisture, net long-term uptake of base cations and nitrogen to the vegetation, annual precipitation and runoff and deposition of sulphur and nitrogen precursors of acid deposition. The results show a full range of critical loads from very low values in the sensitive catchments of western Maryland and the Coastal Plain on the Chesapeake Bay, to insensitive catchments in the Fredrick Valley and Ridge and the Piedmont plain. The critical loads will be used as an input to an integrated regional assessment of the quantitative sensitivity of streams to acid rain, and the assessment of regional stream alkalinity response to different abatement strategies. The mapping of steady-state stream chemistry indicates that streams in Maryland are still acidfying under the present deposition load. Land-use seems to play an important role in maintaining neutral pH in many of the streams of Maryland.

Bulk Superconductivity at 122 K in T1(Ba,Ca)2Ca3Cu4O10.5+8 with Four Consecutive Copper Layers.

The observed increase of superconducting transition temperature (T(c)) with the number of copper oxide planes continues in the four-[CuO(2)](-2) layer (single TI layer) oxide superconductor, which has been prepared with > 80% purity and was magnetically aligned for crystallographic identification. A master scaling curve is proposed, which ties together the T(c)'s of virtually all known Bi and Tl oxide superconductors, and shows that the Tl(Bi) layers play an essential role in the superconductivity. publication 350 of the Barnett Institute.

The methodological and clinical aspects of the placebo effect in angina pectoris.

The study was carried out in 45 patients (36 males and 9 females) experiencing more attacks on the evaluation of an antianginal drug in a placebo-controlled trial, and to define some conditions of placebo sensitiveness in patients with angina pectoris. The study was carried out in 45 patients (36 males and 9 females) experiencing more than 5 anginal attacks a week. The drug compared with the placebo was Iso-Mack-Retard 20 believed to have a good antianginal profile. The efficacy of both the drug and placebo was assessed mainly by the number of anginal attacks per week. The differences in the efficacy between the drug and its placebo in the group studied as a whole were not statistically significant but, after exclusion of 15 placebo-sensitive patients (placebo responders), these differences increased to become statistically significant (p less than 0.01). Moreover, the study proved that the extent of the placebo effect in a population is inversely dependent on the level of neuroticism measured by Eysenck Personality Inventory, and directly dependent on the number of anginal attacks in the period before administration of the drug.