Employability skills and quality of life among employees with mild and moderate intellectual disability who attend occupation centres in Catalonia (Spain) / Competencias de empleabilidad y calidad de vida en usuarios con discapacidad intelectual leve y moderada de centros ocupacionales de Cataluña (España)

BACKGROUND: The study explores the relationship between quality of life (QoL) and employability skills in a non-random sample of 100 employees of occupa­tional centres (OCs) in Barcelona (Spain). The influence of gender, age and level of in­tellectual disability (ID) is also explored. METHOD: A quantitative approach was adopted to collect and examine data, gathered through two different instruments: the GENCAT SCALE (Verdugo et al., 2008) (and the Employability Skills Scale (Jariot, Laborda and González, 2020). RESULTS: A correlation between QoL and employability skills has been found. A relationship between age and employability skills was also found, in which younger individuals reported better in employability skills. Age was also found to have an effect on some QoL domains. The ID level turned out to be a significant factor in the development of employability skills, as well as in some QoL domains. The crucial role of job placement in personal development is underlined, as well as the need for more inclusive procedures in occupancy services

INTRODUCCIÓN: el estudio explora la relación entre calidad de vida y com­petencias de empleabilidad en una muestra no aleatoria de 100 empleados de centros ocupacionales en Barcelona (España). También se explora la influencia del género, la edad y el nivel de discapacidad intelectual en ambas variables. MÉTODO: se adoptó un en­foque cuantitativo para recopilar y examinar datos, reunidos a través de dos instrumen­tos diferentes: la Escala GENCAT (Verdugo et al., 2008) y la Escala de Competencias de Empleabilidad (Jariot, Laborda y González, 2020). RESULTADOS: existe una correlación entre la calidad de vida y las competencias de empleabilidad. También se encontró rela­ción entre la edad y dichas competencias, en la cual las personas más jóvenes obtuvieron puntuaciones más altas. También se descubrió que la edad influye en algunos dominios de calidad de vida. El grado de discapacidad resultó ser un factor significativo en el desarrollo de competencias de empleabilidad, así como en algunos dominios de calidad de vida. Se subraya el papel crucial de la inserción laboral en el desarrollo personal, así como la necesidad de procedimientos más inclusivos en los servicios de ocupación

Emotional abilities as predictors of risky driving behavior among a cohort of middle aged drivers.

The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between emotional abilities and the influence of this relationship on self reported drivers' risky attitudes. The risky driving attitudes and emotional abilities of 177 future driving instructors were measured. The results demonstrate that risky attitudes correlate negatively with emotional abilities. Regression analysis showed that adaptability and interpersonal abilities explained the differences observed in the global risk attitude index. There were some differences in the specific risk factors. The variability observed in the speed and distraction and fatigue factors could also be explained by interpersonal and adaptability abilities. Nevertheless the tendency to take risks was explained by stress management and also interpersonal components. Emotional abilities have the weakest relation with alcohol and drugs factor, and in this case the variability observed was explained by the adaptability component. The results obtained highlight the importance take off including emotional abilities in prevention programs to reduce risky driving behaviors.

Evaluación de un programa de cambio de actitudes con preconductores para prevenir los accidentes de tráfico provocados por el alcohol en Cataluña / Evaluation of a program for changing attitudes in pre-drivers to prevent road accidents related to drink-driving in Catalonia

En este estudio se presentan los resultados de una intervención para prevenir el consumo de alcohol en la conducción con preconductores de todo Cataluña. El programa que se aplicó, fundamentado en el cambio de actitudes, pretende reducir considerablemente el peligro que conlleva mezclar el alcohol con la conducción. Para ello se utilizó un diseño clásico cuasi experimental pretest-posttest con grupo control y se aplicaron do scuestionarios (uno general, con varios factores de riesgo, y otro específico sobre alcohol). El estudio se llevó a cabo con tres grupos: a) experimental 1, que recibió la aplicación completa del programa, b) experimental2, que recibió la aplicación de una parte del mismo y c) control, que no recibió los beneficios del programa de reducción del consumo de alcohol. Se constató, a partir del análisis factorial (ACP) del cuestionario específico y de la prueba ANOVA de medidas repetidas, que el grupo experimental1 presentaba resultados significativamente mejores que los grupos experimental 2 y control, hallándose diferencias significativas entre los hombres y mujeres de la muestra. Los resultados permiten evidenciar que el programa de cambio de actitudes resulta eficaz y que es posible reducir el consumo de alcohol en jóvenes preconductores (AU)

This study appraises the results of an intervention to prevent drink driving in a cohort of pre-drivers in the region of Catalonia (Spain).The program applied, based on attitude change, sets out to reduce significantly the risk of being involved in drink-driving. A classic quasiexperimental pretest-posttest design with control group was used, and two questionnaires were applied: a general one measuring several risk factors, and another one specifically addressing the question of alcohol. The study was carried out with three groups: a) experimental 1, which received the entire program, b) experimental 2, which received a part of the program, and c) control, which did not receive the benefits of the program. Results from the factor analysis (PCA) and the repeated measures ANOVA suggest that young pre-drivers who received the program obtained better results in road safety and showed less risk of drink-driving than those who did not receive the program or received only part of it. Significant differences were also found between men and women. The results confirm the effectiveness of the attitude-change program and the possibility of reducing alcohol use among young predrivers (AU)

[Evaluation of a program for changing attitudes in pre-drivers to prevent road accidents related to drink-driving in Catalonia]. / Evaluación de un programa de cambio de actitudes con preconductores para prevenir los accidentes de tráfico provocados por el alcohol en Cataluña.

This study appraises the results of an intervention to prevent drink-driving in a cohort of pre-drivers in the region of Catalonia (Spain). The program applied, based on attitude change, sets out to reduce significantly the risk of being involved in drink-driving. A classic quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with control group was used, and two questionnaires were applied: a general one measuring several risk factors, and another one specifically addressing the question of alcohol. The study was carried out with three groups: a) experimental 1, which received the entire program, b) experimental 2, which received a part of the program, and c) control, which did not receive the benefits of the program. Results from the factor analysis (PCA) and the repeated-measures ANOVA suggest that young pre-drivers who received the program obtained better results in road safety and showed less risk of drink-driving than those who did not receive the program or received only part of it. Significant differences were also found between men and women. The results confirm the effectiveness of the attitude-change program and the possibility of reducing alcohol use among young pre-drivers.