RESUMO
A review of literature data related to the effects of overweight and obesity on the development and course of selected gynecological malignancies: endometrial, breast and ovarian cancer is presented. Three hypotheses are included in an attempt to explain this rela- tionship: the adipokinine hypothesis, a hypothesis involving the effects of excessive estrogen levels, and the insulin hypothesis.
Assuntos
Neoplasias dos Genitais Femininos/etiologia , Obesidade/complicações , Sobrepeso/complicações , Adipocinas/sangue , Neoplasias da Mama/etiologia , Neoplasias do Endométrio/etiologia , Estrogênios/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Insulina/fisiologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/etiologiaRESUMO
A case report of a 50-cm diameter and 20-kg mass of benign ovarian tumor. Total abdominal hysterectomy with a bilateral salpingooophorectomy was performed with full patient recovery. Fibrothecomas can remain long asymptomatic and can grow to giant sizes.
Assuntos
Síndrome de Meigs , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Ovariectomia/métodos , Tumor da Célula Tecal , Feminino , Humanos , Síndrome de Meigs/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Meigs/fisiopatologia , Síndrome de Meigs/cirurgia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/cirurgia , Tumor da Célula Tecal/patologia , Tumor da Célula Tecal/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Carga TumoralRESUMO
Both ghrelin and obestatin are derived from preproghrelin by post-translational processing. The two peptides are secreted into the blood but circulating levels of these peptides have not been assessed in women with ovarian tumours. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate peripheral blood concentrations of active and total ghrelin and obestatin in patients with benign ovarian tumours and those with ovarian cancer. The studies were conducted on 22 patients operated due to benign ovarian tumours, and 31 patients operated due to ovarian cancer. A control group consisted of 32 women, 24 to 65 years of age. Both in women with benign ovarian tumours and those with ovarian cancer blood concentrations of active ghrelin and obestatin were higher than in the control group (active ghrelin: 90 +/- 4, 84 +/- 4 and 56 +/- 9 pg/ml, respectively, obestatin: 660 +/- 36; 630 +/- 30 and 538 +/- 31 ng/ml (x +/- SE), respectively). In contrast, total ghrelin concentrations in blood were similar in the studied groups. The alterations resulted in increased values of active to total ghrelin concentration ratio in the peripheral blood of patients with benign ovarian tumours or with ovarian cancer (0.79 +/- 0.02 and 0.93 +/- 0.05, respectively vs 0.58 +/- 0.02 in the control group). Due to the absence of any convincing proof for the presence of a functional GHS-R-1a receptor for ghrelin in human ovaries it did not seem probable that the observed elevated levels of active ghrelin and obestatin were directly linked to development of ovarian tumours.
Assuntos
Grelina/sangue , Neoplasias Ovarianas/sangue , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Hormônios Peptídicos/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Cytokines are proteins which regulate and control the basic functions of cells, including proliferation, differentiation and migration by auto- and paracrine communication. Chemokines are a family of proinflammatory chemotactic cytokines. Chemokines play a significant role in many physiological and pathological processes. Chemokines usually join many receptors, and the same receptors can join many different chemokines. SDF-1 works by its receptor CXCR4. The SDF-1+CXCR4 complex plays a significant role in the creation of metastases of neoplasms and as a response to cytostatic treatment. Identification of this complex may be a useful prognostic factor in the therapy of many types of carcinoma. The ability to block CXCR4 indicates the existence of new targets in breast or ovarian carcinoma treatment as well as in cases of cervical adenocarcinoma.
