RESUMO
The reverse transcriptase (RT) sequences of HIV-1 subtype C isolates from Indian patients at failure (according to WHO clinical or immunological criteria) of a first-line treatment including d4T/AZT-3TC-NVP/EFV were compared to those of HIV-1 isolates from naive patients and analyzed for drug resistance mutations (DRMs), which were interpreted according to ANRS and Stanford algorithms. All viruses were of subtype C. We have observed a decrease of the polymorphism at positions 36 and 214 of RT while D121Y, V179I, and Q217E could be new DRMs. Numerous crucial DRMs to NRTIs and NNRTIs could be recorded including TAMs of pathway 1 and K65R. According to both algorithms, the accumulation of DRMs may induce resistance to second-line NRTIs including tenofovir.
Assuntos
Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/virologia , Transcriptase Reversa do HIV/genética , HIV-1/genética , Alcinos , Benzoxazinas/uso terapêutico , Ciclopropanos , Farmacorresistência Viral Múltipla/genética , Quimioterapia Combinada , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , HIV-1/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Índia/epidemiologia , Lamivudina/uso terapêutico , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Nevirapina/uso terapêutico , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Estavudina/uso terapêutico , Falha de Tratamento , Zidovudina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
In France the recommendation is to sequence the RT gene of HIV-1 isolates prior to initiation of antiretroviral therapy. The data are routinely used for molecular characterization of the viruses yielding the subtype or CRF of the isolates investigated together with the absence or presence of drug resistance mutations. In this study, we performed bootscanning analysis on the whole pol gene, in which in vitro and in vivo intersubtype recombination has been reported to occur frequently. We showed that out of 15 HIV-1 isolates, two exhibited a recombination unexpected by this routine sequencing method.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/virologia , HIV-1/genética , Recombinação Genética , Produtos do Gene pol do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana/genética , Adulto , Farmacorresistência Viral/genética , Feminino , França , Infecções por HIV/sangue , HIV-1/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Masculino , Mutação , RNA Viral/análise , RNA Viral/sangue , RNA Viral/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Produtos do Gene pol do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana/análiseRESUMO
Analysis of reverse transcriptase (RT) sequences of 382 HIV-1 isolates from untreated and treated patients recruited in JJ Hospital (Mumbai, India) between 2002 and 2008 shows that subtype C is largely predominant (98%) and that non-C sequences cluster with A1, B, CRF01_AE, and CRF06_cpx.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/virologia , Transcriptase Reversa do HIV/genética , HIV-1/genética , Análise por Conglomerados , HIV-1/isolamento & purificação , Hospitais , Humanos , Índia/epidemiologia , Epidemiologia Molecular , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Homologia de SequênciaRESUMO
This study demonstrates for the first time HIV-1 resistance mutations to all classes of antiretroviral drugs available in Algeria (NRTIs, NNRTIs, PIs) in treated patients at failure. Moreover, it is shown that mutations to NRTIs and PIs can be observed in untreated patients in this country where there is high HIV-1 diversity.
