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1.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 3114, 2024 02 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38326326

RESUMO

The misregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is related to the progressive evolution of various human cancers, such as Breast cancer (BC). The role of lncRNA B4GALT1-AS1 has been investigated in some human cancers. Therefore, studying B4GALT1-AS1 expression was aimed for the first time in the tumor and marginal tissues of BC in this study. The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database was utilized to evaluate the relative expression of B4GALT1-AS1 in BC and other cancers. RNA was extracted from twenty-eight paired BC and marginal tissues, and cDNA was synthesized. The quantitative expression level of B4GALT1-AS1 was evaluated using real-time PCR. The bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify co-expression genes and related pathways. B4GALT1-AS1 was significantly downregulated in BC specimens compared to tumor marginal samples. The TCGA data analysis confirmed the downregulation of B4GALT1-AS1 in BC. The bioinformatics analysis discovered the correlation between 700 genes and B4GALT1-AS1 and identified GNAI1 as the high degree gene which was positively correlated with B4GALT1-AS1 expression. It seems B4GALT1-AS1 provides its function, at least partly, in association with one of the hippo pathway components, YAP, in other cancers. This protein has the opposite role in BC and its loss of function can result in poor survival in BC. Further research is needed to investigate the interaction between B4GALT1-AS1 and YAP in various subtypes of BC.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , MicroRNAs , Neoplasias , RNA Longo não Codificante , Humanos , Feminino , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , Regulação para Baixo/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Via de Sinalização Hippo , Neoplasias/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Proliferação de Células/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral
2.
Iran J Basic Med Sci ; 26(11): 1350-1359, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37886001

RESUMO

Objectives: Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies among men worldwide. Paclitaxel is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used to treat different types of cancer. Recent studies revealed miRNAs control various genes that influence the regulation of many biological and pathological processes such as the formation and development of cancer, chemotherapy resistance, etc. Materials and Methods: Between three PC cell lines (PC3, DU-145, LNCAP), PC3 showed the lowest miR-145 expression and was chosen for experiments. PC3 cells were treated with paclitaxel and miR-145 separately or in combination. To measure the cell viability, migratory capacity, autophagy, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis induction, the MTT assay, wound-healing assay, and Annexin V/PI apoptosis assay were used, respectively. Moreover, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was employed to measure the expression level of genes involved in apoptosis, migration, and stemness properties. Results: Obtained results illustrated that miR-145 transfection could enhance the sensitivity of PC3 cells to paclitaxel and increase paclitaxel-induced apoptosis by modulating the expression of related genes, including Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Bax, and Bcl-2. Also, results showed combination therapy increased cell cycle arrest at the sub-G1 phase. miR-145 and paclitaxel cooperatively reduced migration ability and related-metastatic and stemness gene expression, including MMP-2, MMP-9, CD44, and SOX-2. In addition, combination therapy can suppress MDR1 expression. Conclusion: These results confirmed that miR-145 combined with paclitaxel cooperatively could inhibit cell proliferation and migration and increase the chemosensitivity of PC3 cells compared to mono treatment. So, miR-145 combination therapy may be used as a promising approach for PC treatment.

3.
J Reprod Infertil ; 24(4): 301-305, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38164430

RESUMO

Background: Robertsonian translocations (RobTs) are one of the major chromosomal abnormalities which lead to spontaneous abortion. They occur in the human population at the rate of 1 in 1000 live infants. In this paper, a family carrying one of the rare RobTs was presented and some features of all kinds of RobTs were reviewed. Case Presentation: A couple with a history of three miscarriages was referred to Omid Health Clinic of Hamadan, Iran. The karyotype of the woman was 45,XX, rob(14;15)(q10;q10) and she exhibited phenotypically good health. Karyotype analysis of proband's uncle and his wife with a consanguineous marriage revealed that they were both carriers of rob(14;15). This couple had six offspring, three of which were dead, and the other three were alive with a normal phenotype. Besides, this couple had an unborn child, with a karyotype of 44,XX,rob(14;15)(q10;q10). Conclusion: These observations showed that genetic counseling, pedigree, and chromosomal analysis are needed to discover the cause of spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, congenital anomalies, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), etc. Moreover, families carrying RobTs would be offered prenatal diagnosis screening tests and, if necessary, assisted reproductive technology methods to assist with preimplantation genetic test for structural rearrangement (PGT-SR) reproduction.

4.
J Cell Biochem ; 123(6): 995-1024, 2022 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35106829

RESUMO

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of noncoding cellular RNAs involved in significant biological phenomena such as differentiation, cell development, genomic imprinting, adjusting the enzymatic activity, regulating chromosome conformation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and cellular senescence. The misregulation of lncRNAs interrupting normal biological processes has been implicated in tumor formation and metastasis, resulting in cancer. Apoptosis and cell cycle, two main biological phenomena, are highly conserved and intimately coupled mechanisms. Hence, some cell cycle regulators can influence both programmed cell death and cell division. Apoptosis eliminates defective and unwanted cells, and the cell cycle enables cells to replicate themselves. The improper regulation of apoptosis and cell cycle contributes to numerous disorders such as neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases, viral infection, anemia, and mainly cancer. Cellular senescence is a tumor-suppressing response initiated by environmental and internal stress factors. This phenomenon has recently attained more attention due to its therapeutic implications in the field of senotherapy. In this review, the regulatory roles of lncRNAs on apoptosis, cell cycle, and senescence will be discussed. First, the role of lncRNAs in mitochondrial dynamics and apoptosis is addressed. Next, the interaction between lncRNAs and caspases, pro/antiapoptotic proteins, and also EGFR/PI3K/PTEN/AKT/mTORC1 signaling pathway will be investigated. Furthermore, the effect of lncRNAs in the cell cycle is surveyed through interaction with cyclins, cdks, p21, and wnt/ß-catenin/c-myc pathway. Finally, the function of essential lncRNAs in cellular senescence is mentioned.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , RNA Longo não Codificante , Apoptose/genética , Pontos de Checagem do Ciclo Celular , Divisão Celular , Senescência Celular/genética , Humanos , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , RNA não Traduzido , Via de Sinalização Wnt
5.
Mol Biol Rep ; 49(7): 6817-6826, 2022 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34981339

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is associated with the progression of human cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). The function of lncRNA DLGAP1-AS2, as a promising oncogene, has been identified in several human cancers. Therefore, this study was aimed to explore the association of DLGAP1-AS2 with gastric tumorigenesis, as well. METHODS AND RESULTS: The expression level of DLGAP1-AS2 was initially pre-evaluated in GC datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Moreover, qRT-PCR experiment was performed on 25 GC and 25 adjacent normal tissue samples. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data were also analyzed for further validation. Consistent with data obtained from GEO datasets, qRT-PCR results revealed that DLGAP1-AS2 was significantly (p < 0.0032) upregulated in GC specimens compared to normal samples, which was additionally confirmed using TCGA analysis (p < 0.0001). DLGAP1-AS2 expression level was also correlated with age (p = 0.0008), lymphatic and vascular invasion (p = 0.0415) in internal samples as well as poor survival of GC patients (p = 0.00074) in GEO datasets. Also, Gene Ontology analysis illustrated that DLGAP1-AS2 may be involved in the cellular process, including hippo signaling, regulated by YAP1, as its valid downstream target, in GC samples. Moreover, ROC curve analysis showed the high accuracy of the DLGAP1-AS2 expression pattern as a diagnostic biomarker for GC. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that DLGAP1-AS2 might display oncogenic properties through gastric tumorigenesis and could be suggested as a therapeutic, diagnostic, and prognostic target.


Assuntos
RNA Longo não Codificante , Neoplasias Gástricas , Carcinogênese/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/genética , Ontologia Genética , Humanos , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo
6.
Exp Mol Pathol ; 121: 104663, 2021 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34171355

RESUMO

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide, due to poor prognosis and treatment failure; demanding new diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Therefore, in the present study, the methylation and expression status of ZNF677, as a promising tumor suppressor, were investigated in GC. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were used to initially evaluate ZNF677 expression and methylation in GC samples. Confirmation was performed on fifty internal samples, including gastric tumors and adjacent normal specimens, using q-MSP and q-PCR methods. Further validations were done using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data on human cancers. The obtained results in silico and experimentally illustrated that ZNF677 is significantly hypermethylated and downregulated through gastric tumorigenesis. ZNF677 methylation levels were also correlated with perineural invasion (p = 0.0382) in internal samples. Furthermore, Spearman's correlation analysis showed that ZNF677 methylation is negatively (r = -0.4614, p < 0.0001) correlated with its mRNA expression levels. ROC curve analysis also illustrated the high diagnostic value of ZNF677 methylation for early detection of GC (AUC = 0.8592). Gene set enrichment analysis further revealed that ZNF677 participates in the regulation of cellular processes such as cell proliferation in GC. Moreover, in addition to hypermethylation in other malignancies, including breast, lung, and colorectal cancers, ZNF677 was hypermethylated in precancerous gastric tissues with intestinal metaplasia, indicating its methylation as a driver event through tumorigenesis. Taken together, our results suggest ZNF677 as a potential tumor suppressor gene, which could be considered as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for GC.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Carcinogênese/patologia , Metilação de DNA , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Carcinogênese/genética , Proliferação de Células , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Gástricas/etiologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo
7.
Med Res Rev ; 41(1): 395-434, 2021 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32990372

RESUMO

A wide spectrum of genetic and epigenetic variations together with environmental factors has made colorectal cancer (CRC), which involves the colon and rectum, a challenging and heterogeneous cancer. CRC cannot be effectively overcomed by common conventional therapies including surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and hormone replacement which highlights the need for a rational design of novel anticancer therapy. Accumulating evidence indicates that RNA interference (RNAi) could be an important avenue to generate great therapeutic efficacy for CRC by targeting genes that are responsible for the viability, cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, metastasis, and invasion of CRC cells. In this review, we underline the documented benefits of small interfering RNAs and short hairpin RNAs to target genes and signaling pathways related to CRC tumorigenesis. We address the synergistic effects of RNAi-mediated gene knockdown and inhibitors/chemotherapy agents to increase the sensitivity of CRC cells to common therapies. Finally, this review points new delivery systems/materials for improving the cellular uptake efficiency and reducing off-target effects of RNAi.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais , Apoptose , Carcinogênese , Proliferação de Células , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/terapia , Humanos , Interferência de RNA , RNA Interferente Pequeno/genética
8.
Gene ; 769: 145224, 2021 Feb 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33059027

RESUMO

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type of non-protein coding RNA, which have been found to play multiple roles in various molecular and cellular processes by epigenetic regulation of gene expression at post transcriptional levels. LncRNAs may act either as an oncogene or as a tumor suppressor gene in different cancers. Aberrant expression and dysregulation of lncRNAs has been correlated with cancer development and tumor growth via several different signaling pathways. Therefore, lncRNAs could serve as diagnostic biomarkers and as therapeutic targetes in many human cancers. Previous studies have reported that dysregulated expression of the lncRNA called DLX6-AS1 in various cancer types, such as lung, colorectal, bladder, ovarian, hepatocellular, pancreatic and gastric. DLX6-AS1 plays an important role in tumorigenesis by affecting cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT, and apoptosis. DLX6-AS1 exerts these regulatory effects by interfering with various microRNA axes and signaling pathways including, Wnt/ßcatenin, Notch, P13/AKT/mTOR, and STAT3. This review focuses on the possible mechanisms by which DLX6-AS1 regulates tumor initiation and progression. Accordingly, DLX6-AS1 may act as a novel potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis or therapy in future.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Homeodomínio/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Neoplasias/genética , Transdução de Sinais , Humanos
9.
Biosens Bioelectron ; 169: 112599, 2020 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32931990

RESUMO

miRNAs are a large family of non-coding RNAs which play important roles in translational and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and biological processes. Abnormal expression of miRNAs is related to the initiation and progression of different diseases which make them be promising candidates for early medical diagnostics. Thus, accurate detection of miRNAs has great significance for disorder diagnosis. Nevertheless, their intrinsic characteristics such as short sequence, low concentration and sequence homology challenge routine techniques. The detection assays need to be extremely sensitive and selective in small value of intricate RNA samples. Biosensor-based strategies have emerged as potential alternatives to conventional methods in miRNA quantification. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR), an optical biosensor, possessing various advantages including excellent reliability, selectivity and reproducibility represents a wide range of applications in real-time monitoring of biomolecular interactions and detection of biological and chemical analytes with label-based or label free form. Various signal amplification methods can overcome the limitation of SPR methods for detection of small molecules, making it suitable for clinical diagnosis. This review discusses main concepts and performance characteristics of SPR biosensor. Mainly, it focuses on newly emerged enhanced SPR biosensors towards high-throughput and ultrasensitive screening of miRNAs using labeling processes with focusing on the future application in biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. Actually, label-based signal amplification strategies of SPR platforms including nanoparticle enhancement, supersandwich assembly, streptavidin/biotin complex, antibody amplification, enzymatic reactions, triplex structure formation and catalytic hairpin assembly are discussed. Finally label free detection of miRNAs and advantages of SPR-based method was presented.


Assuntos
Técnicas Biossensoriais , MicroRNAs , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estreptavidina , Ressonância de Plasmônio de Superfície
10.
Adv Pharm Bull ; 10(3): 437-443, 2020 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32665903

RESUMO

Purpose: Beta-boswellic acid (ßBA) may play central roles in neural plasticity. Neural plasticity has significant implications for learning and memory which are governed by strict memoryrelated molecular pathways. To gain insight into the molecular mechanism by which ßBA affects these pathways this study analyzed the expression patterns of Camk2α and Camk4 genes in PC12 cells treated with ßBA. Methods: The cytotoxic effects of different ßBA concentrations on PC12 cells were examined by MTT assay. For gene expression analysis, cells were treated with concentrations of 1 and 10 µM of ßBA for 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Total RNA was purified by RNX-Plus solution and reverse transcribed into cDNA using Thermo Scientific Reverse Transcription reagents. The expression patterns of Camk2α and Camk4 genes were quantified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: MTT assay indicated that ßBA reduced PC12 cell viability in a time- and concentrationdependent manner. The 50% inhibitory concentrations for the 48 and 72 hours time points were 35 and 26 µM, respectively; while, the ßBA concentrations up to 100 µM failed to kill 50% of the cells after 24 hours. According to the qRT-PCR data, the Camk2α variant is not expressed in either ßBA-treated or untreated PC12 cells. However, a significant upregulation was observed inCamk4 after 12 hours of treatment with ßBA, which followed by a significant downregulation after 24 hours and a persistent expression equal to the control until 72 hours. Conclusion: these findings indicate that PC12 cells not only does not express Camk2α but also its expression cannot be induced by ßBA. However, ßBA does modulate the expression of Camk4. This result provides further insight into the molecular mechanism by which ßBA affects memory.

11.
Iran J Pharm Res ; 18(2): 877-886, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31531070

RESUMO

Physiological studies confirm improvement of memory by Olibanum, a resin from Boswellia species, while little is known about the molecular mechanism by which it affects memory performance. Two master transcription factors, CREB-1 and CREB-2, regulate downstream memory-related genes expression, leading to the long-term memory potentiation. This study addresses the effects of Beta-boswellic acid (ß-BA), the main ingredient of Olibanum, and ethanolic extract of the resin from Boswellia serrata on the expression of CREB-1 and CREB-2 genes in B65 cell line. B65 cells were treated with ß-BA or ethanolic extract of Olibanum in different doses and time intervals and the cell viability/toxicity was measured by MTT assay. Total RNA was extracted from the treated and untreated control cells and cDNA was synthesized. The expression levels of CREB-1 and CREB-2 genes were quantified by Real-time PCR. MTT assays revealed 50% inhibitory concentrations of 42.05, 29.63, and 21.78 µg/mL for ethanolic extract of Olibanum and 89.54, 44.05, and 21.12 µM for ß-BA at 24, 48, and 72 h time intervals respectively. Both ß-BA and ethanolic extract of Olibanum altered CREB-1 and CREB-2 gene expression levels in time-dependent but not in dose-dependent way. However, ß-BA showed stronger and more stable effects. The expression levels of the both genes followed an alternate upregulation and downregulation pattern, but in opposite directions, in response to the both solutions with the progress of time. These results suggest that Olibanum possibly improves memory performance, at least partially, by regulating the levels of CREB-1 and CREB-2 transcription factors via positive/negative-feedback loops.

12.
ARYA Atheroscler ; 11(5): 289-94, 2015 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26715934

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Cardiomyopathies are myocardial disorders in which the heart muscle is structurally and functionally abnormal. Several mutations in sarcomere protein coding genes are responsible for different types of cardiomyopathies. ACTC1 is one of the main sarcomere components in heart muscle. Two mutations of E101K and M123V in this gene are shown to be associated with cardiomyopathies. METHODS: In this case and control study, a sample of contains 30 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 100 dilated cardiomyopathy patients, as well as 130 healthy individuals were screened for two mutations of E101K and M123V. The genotypes of samples were determined in whole blood genomic DNA by restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) and mismatched-PCR-RLFP techniques. RESULTS: All patients and healthy peoples had wild type genotype for both locations and even no heterozygous was detected. CONCLUSION: Despite previous reports, no association was observed between both mutations with cardiomyopathy. Our results indicated that two mutations of E101K and M123V of ACTC1 gene may are not associated with cardiomyopathy in Iranian population.

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