[Obstructive jaundice caused by Ascaris lumbricoides]. / Verschlussikterus durch Ascaris lumbricoides.

In middle Europe biliary complications caused by Ascaris lumbricoides are very rare. We report on endoscopic removal of an Ascaris out of the common bile duct in a 81-years-old woman.

[Transpapillary endoprostheses in malignant and benign bile duct diseases]. / Transpapilläre Endoprothesen bei malignen und benignen Gallenwegserkrankungen.

During the last years the non-surgical drainage of the bile ducts developed to an efficient treatment method and is a real enrichment in the concept of treatment of the malignant obstruction of the bile ducts. In no more radically operable carcinomas in the area of the bile ducts, the pancreas or the porta of the liver it is to be preferred to a palliative drainage operation. In case the drainage of the bile ducts shall not be used therapeutically (through-drainage), an inner drainage in form of an endoprosthesis should always be preferred. As a procedure of the 1st choice the endoscopic retrograde technique is recommended, as procedure of 2nd choice the percutaneous transhepatic technique. Benign basic diseases are more infrequently the reason for the insert of a bile duct drainage. The main indications are general inoperability in non-extractable calculi in the common bile duct. In our own cases patients could be followed up up to 3.5 years. No complications were observed. The occlusion of prostheses does apparently not play a role.

[Initial experiences using endoscopic papillotomy and bile duct drainage in patients with Billroth II gastrectomy]. / Erste Erfahrungen mit der endoskopischen Papillotomie und Gallenwegsdrainage bei Patienten mit Billroth-II-Magen.

First results of endoscopic papillotomy and biliary drainage in patients with Billroth II gastrectomy are presented. For endoscopic papillotomy and removal of gall stones a home-made papillotomy and a side viewing endoscopy were used. The technique for biliary drainage in patients with Billroth II gastrectomy and normal stomach is identical.

[Transpapillary bile duct endoprostheses in obstructive jaundice]. / Transpapilläre Gallenwegsendoprothesen bei Verschlussikterus.

12 patients were treated with endoscopic transpapillary biliary endoprosthesis. The indication for biliary drainage was malignant obstructive jaundice in 10 and benign obstructive jaundice in 2 cases. The effectiveness of drainage is indicated by the disappearance of jaundice. The lifetime of the endoprosthesis was maximal 4 months and the survival of the tumor patients maximal 6 months. If the endoprosthesis is occluded replacement by a new one is necessary. Nonsurgical biliary drainage is an alternative method to palliative operation and should be preferred in general inoperability and in patients with irresectable tumors.

[Indications and contraindications for epididymo-deferens vesiculography from a current viewpoint]. / Indikation und Kontraindikation der Epididymo-Deferento-Vesikulographie aus heutiger Sicht.

69 years after the introduction of x-ray examination of the seminal duct, the indication and contraindication are reviewed according to current interdisciplinary aspects, basing on 31 cases studied over a period of two years. The procedure followed in the roentgenological visualization of carcinoma of the prostate is generally recognized, whereas controversial opinions are held with regard to patients with occlusive azoospermia. The possibility of lesions and damage caused by some contrast media is an established fact. Differences in the lumen of the ductus epididymidis prevented complete visualization of the epididymis when using the previous, highly concentrated, sticky contrast media which were insoluble in water. These drawbacks have been eliminated by Amipaque. Today epididymograms are no longer considered necessary, although there are exceptions. Experience and a sophisticated technique are mandatory. If refertilization is envisaged, it is permissible during operation only to effect a descending x-ray for the purpose of clarifying the outflow conditions.