Skull deformations in craniosynostosis and endocrine disorders: morphological and tomographic analysis of the skull from the crypt of the Silesian Piasts in Brzeg (16th-17th century), Poland.

RESULTS: of morphological and tomographic (CT) studies of the skull that was found in the crypt of the Silesian Piasts in the St. Jadwiga church in Brzeg (Silesia, Poland) are presented and discussed here. The established date of burial of probably a 20-30 years old male was 16th-17th century. The analyzed skull showed premature obliteration of the major skull sutures. It resulted in the braincase deformation, similar to the forms found in oxycephaly and microcephaly. Tomographic analysis revealed gross pathology. Signs of increased intracranial pressure, basilar invagination and hypoplasia of the occipital bone were observed. Those results suggested the occurrence of the very rare Arnold-Chiari syndrome. Lesions found in the sella turcica indicated the development of pituitary macroadenoma, which resulted in the occurrence of discreet features of acromegaly in the facial bones. The studied skull was characterized by a significantly smaller size of the neurocranium (horizontal circumference 471 mm, cranial capacity ∼ 1080 ml) and strongly expressed brachycephaly (cranial index=86.3), while its height remained within the range for non-deformed skulls. A narrow face, high eye-sockets and prognathism were also observed. Signs of alveolar process hypertrophy with rotation and displacement of the teeth were noted. The skull showed significant morphological differences compared to both normal and other pathological skulls such as those with pituitary gigantism, scaphocephaly and microcephaly.

[Experience from the teaching of the history of medicine syllabus in the Military Medical Academy]. / Doswiadczenia w realizacji programu historii medycyny w Wojskowej Akademii Medycznej.

This paper presents in which the history of medicine syllabus has evolved over the past 30 years. It presents the aspects that are preferred today, the bibliography the students use and the way the course is conducted. The paper also includes the conclusions from many years experience.

[History of medicine and military health service in doctorate's and habilitation theses written in Military Medicine Academy in Lodz-retrospective bibliography against the background of medicine and military medicine bibliographies]. / Historia medycyny i wojskowej sluzby zdrowia w pracach doktorskich i habilitacyjnych obronionych w Wojskowej Akademii Medycznej w Lodzi - bibliografia retrospektywna na tle historii bibliografii medycznych i wojskowo-medycznych.

The work introduces the subject of medicine history, military health service history and medicine bibliographies with particular attention to Polish accents. It remembers the beginnings of medicine history education in Poland in the 19th century, in the II Polish Republic and after 1945. It discusses widely the achievements of Military Medicine Academy in the range of medicine history military health service together with bibliography. It points out the necessity of dealing with this subject in didactic and scientific activity of the Academy.

[Disease occurrence in the Polish Army during the Polish-Bolshevik War, 1919-1921]. / Choroby zakazne wystepujace w wojsku polskim w latach 1922-1938.

The publication is a presentation of the group of diseases concomitant with the military operations of the years 1919-1921 - the most important war for the Polish Republic in the XX century. The range of diseases was specific because of the area and the kind of operations. This paper describes the methods of disease prevention and treatment employed by the Polish Army at that time.

[Laws concerning prevention and fight against infectious diseases issued by the Military Sanitary Council between 1919-1921]. / Akty prawne dotyczace zapobiegania i zwalczania chorób zakaznych, wydane przez Wojskowa Rade Sanitarna w latach 1919-1921.

Military Sanitary Council situated at Ujazdowski Hospital in Warsaw was set up in April 1919. Its members were representatives of a number of branches of medicine among others colonels professors Rudolf Weigl and Odo Bujawid. The foremost task of the council was prevention and fight against infections diseases in the Polish Army. Between 1919 and 1921 the council members prepared over 100 drafts of regulations, sanitary instructions and others dealing with the above. A number of drafts was published as directives or military orders at the time and later. MSC provided legal grounds and conditions for prevention and fight against infections diseases and it also improved the health care system in the Polish Army.