Survival analysis of laryngeal carcinoma without laryngectomy, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy.

This study aimed at investigating the survival rate and prognostic factors of laryngeal carcinoma patients in the absence of the use of laryngectomy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. A total of 167 cases of laryngeal carcinoma without the use of laryngectomy, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy were analyzed retrospectively. Surveyed items included age, smoking history, tumor family history, tuberculosis history, primary site, pathological grade, T-stage, N-stage, clinical stage, and whether tracheotomy had been performed. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. For univariate analysis, comparison among/between groups was performed using the log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was carried out using the Cox proportional hazard model. Overall median survival time was 16 ± 1.44 months, and overall 1- and 2-year survival rates were 56.4 and 26.5%, respectively. No patient survived over 5 years in cases diagnosed for more than 5 years (except for cases that were lost). The median survival time of clinical stage 0/I/II was 28 ± 3.81 months, and 1- and 2-year survival rates were 79.3 and 59.3%, respectively; the median survival time of III/IV clinical stages was 11 ± 1.32 months, and 1- and 2-year survival rates were 45.5 and 10.6%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that primary site, pathological grade, T-stage, N-stage, and clinical stage were significant prognostic factors for the survival of the patients (P < 0.05). Whether tracheotomy had been performed was not significant for affecting survival rates. Multivariate analysis showed survival rates were statistically correlated with T-stage and N-stage (P < 0.05). The development of laryngeal carcinoma course was faster, without treatment to the tumor itself, even if palliative surgery such as tracheostomy would not improve the survival rate. In laryngeal carcinoma patients with no surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy, the factors affecting the survival rates include primary site, pathological grade, T-stage, N-stage, and clinical stage, and of them, T-stage and N-stage are the independent prognostic factors.

[Survival analysis for laryngeal carcinoma patients with no surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the survival rate and prognostic factors of laryngeal carcinoma patients with no surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-seven laryngeal carcinoma cases with no surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy were analyzed retrospectively. Survival rates were calculated by Kaplan-Meier product-limit method. With univariate analysis, comparisons among/between groups were performed using Log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was carried out using Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS: Overall survival time was (16.0 ± 1.4) months (x(-) ± s), overall 1- and 2-year survival rates were 56.4% and 26.5%, respectively. No patient survived over 5 years in these cases who had been diagnosed more than 5 years (except for those who lost). Univariate analysis showed that primary site, pathological grade, T-stage, N-stage and clinical stage were significant prognostic factors for the survival of the patients (P < 0.05). The survival rates of laryngeal carcinoma whether with tracheotomy were no statistically significant (P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed survival rates statistically correlated with T stage and N stage (hazard ratio were 1.812 and 1.557, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The development of laryngeal carcinoma course was faster, without treatment to the tumor itself, even if palliative surgical such as tracheostomy would not improve the survival rate. In laryngeal carcinoma patients with no surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy, the factors affecting the survival rates include primary site, pathological grade, T-stage, N-stage and clinical stage, and of them, T-stage and N-stage are the independent prognostic factors.

[RNA interference targeting c-Met inhibits proliferation of human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cell line in vitro and in its xenografts in nude mice].

OBJECTIVE: The proto-oncogene c-Met was found to express on human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cell line in previous research. In the present study, the author further examined whether inhibition of c-Met by RNA interference (RNAi) might inhibit biologic activity of Hep-2 cell line in vitro and proliferation using a murine laryngeal carcinoma model. METHODS: RNAi plasmid that can express small interfering RNA targeting c-Met or siRNA that did not match any known human coding mRNA(control siRNA plasmid)was designed, constructed, and transfected into Hep-2 cell line by using cationic liposome Lipofectamine2000 as transfecting agent. In vitro, the transfection efficacy was tested by RT-PCR and Western Blot method, then elected the most inhibitive c-Met-siRNA sequence. Cell proliferation, movement and invasion were studied using MTT, cell migration assay and cell invasion assay, respectively. The Hep-2 cells were transplanted into nude mice, then the time of tumor formation and growth were observed. After tumor formation, c-Met-siRNA was given as the anti-tumor therapy. Expression of c-Met, MMP-9 and VEGF were detected by Western Blot method. RESULTS: After the pSilencer2.0/c-Met-shRNA recombinant plasmid transfection into laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells, the expression of mRNA and protein of c-Met decreased significantly in Hep-2 cells. On the 35th day after tumor vaccination, the tumor volume was (138 ± 27) mm³ in c-Met-siRNA transfection group, Which was diminished significantly in contrast with control group (P < 0.01). The expression of c-Met, MMP-9 and VEGF in the tumor of experiment group was decreased significantly, respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that c-Met-siRNA can down-regulate the expression of c-Met and markedly inhibit laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cell proliferation, movement and invasion and the growth of transplantation tumor of nude mice. The siRNA expressing plasmid mediated gene therapy might be a new strategy in targeting molecular therapy of cancer of larynx.

The interaction between interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats-1 and eukaryotic elongation factor-1A.

It has been shown previously that in mammalian cells, interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats-1(IFIT1) is rapidly synthesized in response to viral infection, functions as an inhibitor of translation by binding to the eukaryotic initiation factor-3, and consequently assigns resistive activity against viral invasion to cells. It has also been reported that IFIT1 is rapidly produced in response to other cell stress agents with no direct relation to virus such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-1, but its function under these non-viral infection cell stress conditions has yet to be elucidated. Here, we demonstrate an interaction between IFIT1 and eukaryotic elongation factor-1A (eEF1A) both in vitro, using recombinant proteins as bait in pull-down assays, and in vivo, using laser confocal microscopy and immunoprecipitation. In addition, we report the initial determination of the domain of IFIT1 that mediates this interaction. We also display that both IFIT1 and eEF1A protein levels are rapidly elevated, prolonged in tumor necrosis factor alpha pre-treated Raw264.7 cells, and most of those cells are induced to death by the end of investigations. Our results imply that under some stressful stimulations IFIT1 may participate in cell death pathways by interaction with eEF1A.

[Effects of c-Met-siRNA on the biological behaviour of laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of c-Met-siRNA on the proliferation, movement and invasion of laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells in vitro. METHOD: Firstly, the pSilencer 2.0/c-Met-shRNA recombinant plasmid was transfected into laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells with transfecting agent of cationic liposome Lipofectamine 2000. Secondly,the transfection efficacy was tested by RT-PCR and Western-Blot, then the most inhibitive c-Met-siRNA sequence was elected. Cell proliferation, movement and invasion were detected with MTT, cell migration assay and cell invasion assay, respectively. RESULT: After the transfection of pSilencer 2.0/c-Met-shRNA recombinant plasmid into laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells, the expression of mRNA and protein of c-Met decreased significantly in Hep-2 cells, and ability of the proliferation, movement and invasion of laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells were also inhibited. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that c-Met-siRNA can down-regulated the expression of c-Met and markedly inhibited laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cell proliferation, movement and invasion. It may have the potential as a therapeutic modality to treat human laryngeal carcinoma.

{N'-[(E)-(5-Bromo-2-oxidophen-yl)(phen-yl)methyl-ene]benzohydrazidato}pyridine-copper(II).

The asymmetric unit of title complex, [Cu(C(20)H(13)BrN(2)O(2))(C(5)H(5)N)], contains two independent mol-ecules. In each mol-ecule, the central Cu(II) atom has a square-planar environment formed by the tridentate hydrazone and the monodentate pyridine ligands, with the N atoms in a trans arrangement about the Cu(II) atom.

(meso-5,7,7,12,14,14-Hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetra-azacyclo-tetra-deca-4,11-diene)nickel(II) bis-[O,O'-bis(4-methyl-phen-yl) dithio-phosphate].

In the title compound, [Ni(C(16)H(32)N(4))](C(14)H(14)O(2)PS(2))(2) or [Ni(trans[14]dien)][S(2)P(OC(6)H(4)Me-4)(2)](2), where trans[14]dien is meso-5,7,7,12,14,14-hexa-methyl-1,4,8,11-tetra-azacyclo-tetra-deca-4,11-diene, the Ni(II) ion lies across a centre of inversion and is four-coordinated in a relatively undistorted square-planar arrangement by the four N atoms of the macrocyclic ligand trans[14]dien. The two O,O'-di(4-methyl-phen-yl)dithio-phos-phates act as counter-ions to balance the charge. Important geometric data include Ni-N = 1.9135 (16) and 1.9364 (15) Å.

{N'-[(E)-(5-Bromo-2-oxidophen-yl)(phenyl)-methyl-ene]-4-chloro-benzo-hydrazidato}pyridine-nickel(II).

The asymmetric unit of title complex, [Ni(C(20)H(12)BrClN(2)O(2))(C(5)H(5)N)], contains one complex with the central Ni atom in a slightly distorted square-planar environment, formed by the tridentate hydrazone and the monodentate pyridine ligands, with N atoms in a trans arrangement about the Ni atom.

N'-[(E)-(5-Bromo-2-hydroxy-phen-yl)(phen-yl)methyl-ene]benzohydrazide.

In the title compound, C(20)H(15)BrN(2)O(2), the C=N double bond displays a trans configuration. The crystal structure features an intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bond.

{N'-[(E)-1-(5-Bromo-2-oxidophen-yl)ethyl-idene]-4-chloro-benzohydrazidato}pyridinenickel(II).

The title complex, [Ni(C(15)H(10)BrClN(2)O(2))(C(5)H(5)N)], displays a square-planar coordination geometry around the Ni(II) ion, formed by the tridentate hydrazone and monodentate pyridine ligands, with the N atoms in a trans arrangement about the Ni center.

{N'-[(E)-(5-Bromo-2-oxidophen-yl)(phen-yl)methyl-ene]benzohydrazidato}pyridine-nickel(II).

The asymmetric unit of title complex, [Ni(C(20)H(13)BrN(2)O(2))(C(5)H(5)N)], contains two independent mol-ecules. In each mol-ecule, the central Ni(II) atom has a square-planar environment, formed by the tridentate hydrazone and the monodentate pyridine ligands, with the N atoms in a trans arrangement about the Ni(II) atom.

N'-[(E)-(5-Bromo-2-hydroxy-phen-yl)(phen-yl)methyl-idene]-4-chloro-benzo-hydrazide.

The Schiff base, C(20)H(14)BrClN(2)O(2), displays a trans conformation with respect to the C=N double bond. The aromatic rings at either end of the -C(=O)-NH-N=C- fragment are nearly parallel [dihedral angle = 3.4 (5)°]. The hydr-oxy group forms an intra-molecular hydrogen bond to the imino N atom.

(5-Bromo-2-hydroxy-phen-yl)(phen-yl)methanone.

In the title compound, C(13)H(9)BrO(2), the dihedral angle between the aromatic ring planes is 53.6 (1)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by intra-molecular O-H⋯O and inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonding and C-H⋯π inter-actions.

N'-[(E)-1-(5-Bromo-2-hydroxy-phen-yl)ethyl-idene]benzohydrazide.

The C=N double bond in the title compound, C(15)H(13)BrN(2)O(2), is transE configured and the dihedral angle between the aromatic ring planes is 22.3 (1)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by intra-molecular O-H⋯O and inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

[The observation of palatopharyngeal histopathologic characteristic on the patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the histopathologic characteristic of the palatopharyngeal tissue and study the effect of ectopic accumulation of lipid on the pathogenesis and development of OSAHS. METHOD: Thirty-eight cases were selected from the patients in hospital and divided into two groups. Each group had 19 cases, coupled according to Body Mass Index (BMI). HE staining, Oil red O lipid staining and the electro microscope technology were used to observe the pathologic characteristic of the palatopharyngeal tissue, especially the ectopic accumulation of lipid. RESULT: There existed obvious fatty infiltration in the palatopharyngeal tissue of OSAHS patients, and the type of the minor salivary glands changed. The ultrastructure showed the corresponding changes and the cellular anoxic changes. CONCLUSION: Fatty infiltration in the palatopharyngeal tissue of OSAHS patients may play an important role in the pharyngeal airway sinking during sleep. There is a closely correlated between fatty infiltration and the pathogenesis and development of OSAHS.

[Clinical study on oropharyngeal fatty infiltration on the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To detect the effect of lipid metabolism, fatty infiltration of oropharyngeal tissues in the subjects with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and its pathogenesis. METHOD: Nineteen subjects in OSAS group and 9 subjects in controlled group were chosen. The related clinical index including the size and weight of uvula in two groups were measured. Each composition of uvular tissue section (transverse section) in all subjects was measured by quantitative, morphometric image analysis technique. The uvular tissue sections were evaluated by light microscope (LM), 4 of them by transmission electron microscope (TEM). RESULT: 1. Subjects in OSAS group significantly had a greater body mass index, neck circumference, waist circumference, waist-to-hip circumference ratio (WHR), weight and size of uvula than those in controlled group. There were significant differences in TC, TG, LDL and TC/HDL between the two groups. 2. A significant difference in percentage of fat, muscle, fibrous tissue in uvula was also founded between the two groups. The serial tissue section of uvula in LM showed that there was excessive fatty infiltration that prominently founded in fibrous tissue and secondarily in muscle. And muscle fibers with partial atrophy and/or hypertrophy were prominent. We also detected that fibrous tissue and muscle fibers arranged in a disordered way. The uvula myofibril in TEM showed focal or spotted rough and deformity of Z line, sarcomere loss and vacuolation. Lipid droplet infiltration was also detected in adjoin of myofibril. 3. The degree of fatty infiltration of uvular tissue correlated with neck circumference, WHR, weight and size of uvula, TC and TC/HDL in two groups, and also had positive correlation with degree of OSAS recorded by AHI in OSAS group. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that lipid metabolic disorder might exist in subjects with OSAS. And abundant oropharyneal fatty infiltration might be an important role in pathogenesis of OSAS that possibly contributed to change the size and shape of pharyngeal airway and compliance of pharyngeal wall.

[Tuberculosis of pharynx and larynx: a report of 32 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the trends and the clinical changes in tuberculosis of pharynx and larynx. METHODS: The clinical data of 32 patients with tuberculosis of pharynx and larynx from Jan. 1982 to Dec. 2000 in Daping hospital were studied retrospectively. RESULTS: (1) The local manifestations were mainly single lesion that commonly involved the vocal cord (10 cases). (2) The lesions appearances were mainly the proliferation such as mass (11 cases) or granulation(8 cases). (3) anti-tuberculosis is the main treatment, the operation is the second. Twelve patients cured in clinic, six patients received operation and cured without any complications. Fourteen patients condition controlled. CONCLUSION: The classical manifestations with tuberculosis of pharynx and larynx were not exited, the new clinical manifestations were associated with local lesion in nowadays.