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1.
Chemosphere ; 358: 142249, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38705405

RESUMO

Chlorophenols (CPs) are a group of pollutants that pose a great threat to the environment, they are widely used in industrial and agricultural wastes, pesticides, herbicides, textiles, pharmaceuticals and plastics. Among CPs, pentachlorophenol was listed as one of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm convention. This study aims to identify the UDP-glucosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms involved in the metabolic elimination of CPs. CPs' mono-glucuronide was detected in the human liver microsomes (HLMs) incubation mixture with co-factor uridine-diphosphate glucuronic acid (UDPGA). HLMs-catalyzed glucuronidation metabolism reaction equations followed Michaelis-Menten or substrate inhibition type. Recombinant enzymes and chemical reagents inhibition experiments were utilized to phenotype the main UGT isoforms involved in the glucuronidation of CPs. UGT1A6 might be the major enzyme in the glucuronidation of mono-chlorophenol isomer. UGT1A1, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, UGT2B4 and UGT2B7 were the most important five UGT isoforms for metabolizing the di-chlorophenol and tri-chlorophenol isomers. UGT1A1 and UGT1A3 were the most important UGT isoforms in the catalysis of tetra-chlorophenol and pentachlorophenol isomers. Species differences were investigated using rat liver microsomes (RLMs), pig liver microsomes (PLMs), dog liver microsomes (DLMs), and monkey liver microsomes (MyLMs). All these results were helpful for elucidating the metabolic elimination and toxicity of CPs.


Assuntos
Clorofenóis , Glucuronosiltransferase , Microssomos Hepáticos , Glucuronosiltransferase/metabolismo , Clorofenóis/metabolismo , Animais , Microssomos Hepáticos/metabolismo , Humanos , Ratos , Poluentes Ambientais/metabolismo , Isoenzimas/metabolismo , Glucuronídeos/metabolismo
2.
Environ Pollut ; 342: 123079, 2024 Feb 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38061435

RESUMO

The simultaneous presence of micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) and pollutants represents a prevalent environmental challenge that necessitates understanding their combined impact on toxicity. This study examined the distribution of 5 µm (PS-MP5) and 50 nm (PS-NP50) polystyrene plastic particles during the early developmental stages of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) and assessed their combined toxicity with triphenyltin (TPT). Results showed that 2 mg/L PS-MP5 and PS-NP50 could adhere to the embryo surface. PS-NP50 can passively enter the larvae and accumulate predominantly in the intestine and head, while PS-MP5 cannot. Nonetheless, both types can be actively ingested by the larvae and distributed in the intestine. 2 mg/L PS-MNPs enhance the acute toxicity of TPT. Interestingly, high concentrations of PS-NP50 (20 mg/L) diminish the acute toxicity of TPT due to their sedimentation properties and interactions with TPT. 200 µg/L PS-MNPs and 200 ng/L TPT affect complement and coagulation cascade pathways and cardiac development of medaka larvae. PS-MNPs exacerbate TPT-induced cardiotoxicity, with PS-NP50 exhibiting stronger effects than PS-MP5, which may be related to the higher adsorption capacity of NPs to TPT and their ability to enter the embryos before hatching. This study elucidates the distribution of MNPs during the early developmental stages of marine medaka and their effects on TPT toxicity, offering a theoretical foundation for the ecological risk assessment of MNPs.


Assuntos
Compostos Orgânicos de Estanho , Oryzias , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Animais , Cardiotoxicidade , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Poliestirenos/metabolismo , Larva , Plásticos/metabolismo
3.
Biomed Pharmacother ; 170: 115926, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38035864

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To provide new ideas for the clinical and mechanism research of acupuncture in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), this study systematically reviews clinical research and the progress of basic research of acupuncture in the treatment of COPD. METHODS: PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched using acupuncture and COPD as keywords in the last 10 years, and the included literature was determined according to exclusion criteria. FINDINGS: Acupuncture can relieve clinical symptoms, improve exercise tolerance, anxiety, and nutritional status, as well as hemorheological changes (blood viscosity), reduce the inflammatory response, and reduce the duration and frequency of COPD in patients with COPD. Mechanistically, acupuncture inhibits M1 macrophage activity, reduces neutrophil infiltration, reduces inflammatory factor production in alveolar type II epithelial cells, inhibits mucus hypersecretion of airway epithelial cells, inhibits the development of chronic inflammation in COPD, and slows tissue structure destruction. Acupuncture may control pulmonary COPD inflammation through the vagal-cholinergic anti-inflammatory, vagal-adrenomedullary-dopamine, vagal-dual-sensory nerve fiber-pulmonary, and CNS-hypothalamus-orexin pathways. Furthermore, acupuncture can increase endogenous cortisol levels by inhibiting the HPA axis, thus improving airway antioxidant capacity and reducing airway inflammation in COPD. In conclusion, the inhibition of the chronic inflammatory response is the key mechanism of acupuncture treatment for COPD.


Assuntos
Terapia por Acupuntura , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Humanos , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisário , Sistema Hipófise-Suprarrenal , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/terapia , Inflamação
4.
Research (Wash D C) ; 6: 0060, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36930762

RESUMO

Locomotion in mollusc Aplysia is implemented by a pedal rolling wave, a type of axial locomotion. Well-studied examples of axial locomotion (pedal waves in Drosophila larvae and body waves in leech, lamprey, and fish) are generated in a segmented nervous system via activation of multiple coupled central pattern generators (CPGs). Pedal waves in molluscs, however, are generated by a single pedal ganglion, and it is unknown whether there are single or multiple CPGs that generate rhythmic activity and phase shifts between different body parts. During locomotion in intact Aplysia, bursting activity in the parapedal commissural nerve (PPCN) was found to occur during tail contraction. A cluster of 20 to 30 P1 root neurons (P1Ns) on the ventral surface of the pedal ganglion, active during the pedal wave, were identified. Computational cluster analysis revealed that there are 2 phases to the motor program: phase I (centered around 168°) and phase II (centered around 357°). PPCN activity occurs during phase II. The majority of P1Ns are motoneurons. Coactive P1Ns tend to be electrically coupled. Two classes of pedal interneurons (PIs) were characterized. Class 1 (PI1 and PI2) is active during phase I. Their axons make a loop within the pedal ganglion and contribute to locomotor pattern generation. They are electrically coupled to P1Ns that fire during phase I. Class 2 (PI3) is active during phase II and innervates the contralateral pedal ganglion. PI3 may contribute to bilateral coordination. Overall, our findings support the idea that Aplysia pedal waves are generated by a single CPG.

5.
Inorg Chem ; 62(1): 442-453, 2023 Jan 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36571809

RESUMO

Photocatalytic degradation of pollutants is an effective environment purification strategy. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted extensive attention in the field of photocatalysis owing to their structural diversity, uniform cavity, and large specific surface area. However, poor electrical conductivity, light absorption, and water stability restrict their development. The tailorable structure of MOFs may effectively overcome these limitations. Herein, three Cu-based MOFs (complexes 1-3) with one-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D), and three-dimensional (3D) structures, respectively, were successfully prepared by introducing different uncoordinated ligands and adjusting the ligand/metal salt ratio. Among them, complex 1 with a 1D chain was constructed as a typical J-type aggregation by π-π stacking interactions between adjacent naphthalene rings. This intermolecular aggregation mode enhances strong exciton coupling between conjugated rings, reduces the transition energy, expands the intrinsic light absorption edge, and provides a channel for electron transport, thus improving the charge-separation efficiency. As expected, complex 1 with a 1D chain structure exhibited excellent Fenton-like catalytic activity. The apparent reaction rates were 3.2 and 2.0 times higher than those of 2D and 3D MOFs, respectively.

6.
Inorg Chem ; 61(30): 11866-11878, 2022 Aug 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35857312

RESUMO

Two isomorphic lanthanide compounds {[Ln(ddpp)(H2O)]·CH3CN}n (Ln = Eu and Gd, H4ddpp = 2,5-di(2',4'-dicarboxylphenyl)pyridine) were synthesized. Complex 1-Eu displays ultrahigh acid-base stability and thermal stability. Furthermore, luminescence measurements revealed that 1-Eu could detect quinolone antibiotics with an ultralow limit of detection in aqueous solution. The ratiometric probe properties for sensing antibiotics could be attributed to the incompletely sensitized Eu3+ ion of the ligand. Remarkably, it is interesting that 1-Gd exhibits excellent tetracycline degradation properties under visible light. Ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and valence band X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were carried out to investigate the photodegradation mechanisms. Moreover, a rational explanation for the fluorescent probe and photocatalysis behavior of these two complexes was also discussed with the assistance of density functional theory calculations.


Assuntos
Elementos da Série dos Lantanídeos , Estruturas Metalorgânicas , Antibacterianos , Elementos da Série dos Lantanídeos/química , Ligantes , Medições Luminescentes/métodos
7.
Front Chem ; 10: 860232, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35295970

RESUMO

Luminescent metal-organic frameworks (LMOFs) have been widely developed in the field of chemical sensing owing to their outstanding photoluminescence performance, high selectivity, anti-interference, high sensitivity, and fast response, and have become one of the research hotspots of emerging functional materials. However, in practical applications, many tests are carried out in the water environment, and fragile water stability greatly limits the application of MOFs in the field. Therefore, it is important to develop a method to enhance the water stability of MOFs. Herein, a new complex {[Zn(L)]·CH3CN} n (Zn-MOF, H2L = 5-(benzimidazol-1-yl) isophthalic acid) with a superior photophysical property has been synthesized first. Its water stability was highly enhanced by the doping of CuII ions by the one-pot method. In addition, the detection performances of doping material Cu0.1/Zn-MOF for sixteen metal ions and thirteen antibiotics were well studied. It was found that Cu0.1/Zn-MOF displays high sensitivity, fast response, lower detection limit, and long-term stability for the detection of Fe3+, NFT, NFZ, FZD, and TC in the aqueous medium.

8.
Org Biomol Chem ; 19(45): 9867-9871, 2021 11 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34734622

RESUMO

A [6 + 3] annulation reaction of Morita-Baylis-Hillman carbonates and dicyanoheptafulvene is accomplished by employing commercially available triphenylphosphine as the Lewis base catalyst. A spectrum of densely functionalized bicyclo[4.3.1]decane architectures are efficiently constructed with exclusive diastereoselectivity and good yield (up to 95%).

9.
Environ Pollut ; 291: 118214, 2021 Dec 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34740292

RESUMO

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been demonstrated as a kind of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that could exert complicated influences towards metabolism in human bodies. Since hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs) are important metabolites of PCBs, our study focuses on investigating the potential inhibitory capability of OH-PCBs on four human sulfotransferase (SULT) isoforms. P-nitrophenol (PNP) was utilized as nonselective probe substrate for this study, and recombinant SULT isoforms were utilized as the enzyme resources. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-UV detecting system was used to analyze PNP and its metabolite PNP-sulfate. As result, 100 µM of most tested OH-PCBs significantly inhibited the activity of four SULT isoforms. Concentration-dependent inhibition of OH-PCBs towards SULTs was found, and half inhibition concentration values (IC50) of some inhibition processes were determined. Inhibition kinetics (inhibition kinetic type and parameters) were determined using 4'-OH-PCB106 as the representative OH-PCB, SULT1B1 and SULT1E1 as representative SULT isoforms. The inhibition kinetic parameters (Ki) were 1.73 µM and 1.81 µM for the inhibition of 4'-OH-PCB106 towards SULT1B1 and SULT1E1, respectively. In silico docking simulation was utilized to analyze the inhibition capability of 2'-OH-PCB5, 4'-OH-PCB9, 2'-OH-PCB12 towards SULT1A3.All these results obtained in this study are helpful for further understanding the toxicity of PCBs.


Assuntos
Bifenilos Policlorados , Cromatografia Líquida , Humanos , Hidroxilação , Bifenilos Policlorados/toxicidade , Sulfatos , Sulfotransferases/metabolismo
10.
Zhongguo Gu Shang ; 34(9): 814-20, 2021 Sep 25.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34569204

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To explore clinical effect of acupoint application of Chinese herbal medicine in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting after orthopaedic surgery under general anesthesia. METHODS: From January 2018 to December 2019, 168 patients who met inclusion criteria and were underwent selective spine surgery, were double-blind divided into two groups according to central random system, 84 patients in each group. In control group, there were 39 males and 45 females aged from 30 to 65 years old with an average of (53.83±9.17) years old, 37 patients were classified to typeⅠand 47 patients were typeⅡ according to American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grading. In experiment group, there were 39 males and 45 females aged from 30 to 65 years old with an average of (54.08±9.00) years old; 32 patients were classified to typeⅠand 52 patients were typeⅡ according to ASA grading. Both of two groups were obtained acupoint application before anesthesia induction, and acupoint application were put on Zhongwan (CV 12) and bilateral Neiguan (PC 6) for 6 h, changed after 24 h, last for 2 d. The drug prescription of plasters in experimental group was consist of Rhizome Pinelliae Preparata, Ginger and Clove. The plasters in control group was consistent with drug plasters in experimental group in appearance and smell to the greatest extent. The ingredients were flour and excipients with 10% of experimental drug concentration. Incidence of nausea vomiting, visual analogue scale (VAS) of narusea degree at 24 h and 24 to 48 h after operation between two groups were compared, SF- 12 simple quality of life score before operation, 24 and 48 h after operation were also compared by using R3.6.1 Rstudio software by the third-party. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in incidence of nausea vomiting, VAS of narusea degree at 24 h after operation (P>0.05), while there were no differences in incidence of nausea vomiting, VAS of narusea degree at 24 to 48 h after operation (P>0.05) . There were no statistical differences in SF-12 before operation, 24 and 48 h after opertaion (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The curative effect of acupoint application of traditional Chinese medicine on the prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting is not obvious.


Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Procedimentos Ortopédicos , Pontos de Acupuntura , Adulto , Idoso , Anestesia Geral , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/prevenção & controle , Qualidade de Vida
11.
Org Biomol Chem ; 19(24): 5294-5297, 2021 06 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34085691

RESUMO

A CuI-catalyzed coupling reaction of benzofuran-3(2H)-ones with amines has been well established for the direct synthesis of α-ketoamides. This process involves C-O bond cleavage and C[double bond, length as m-dash]O/C-N bond formation. Mechanism studies indicated that this α-ketoamide formation reaction may involve a free radical process.

12.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 8824, 2021 Apr 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33893342

RESUMO

The question of whether a singularity can form in an initially regular flow, described by the 3D incompressible Navier-Stokes (NS) equations, is a fundamental problem in mathematical physics. The NS regularity problem is super-critical, i.e., there is a 'scaling gap' between what can be established by mathematical analysis and what is needed to rule out a singularity. A recently introduced mathematical framework-based on a suitably defined 'scale of sparseness' of the regions of intense vorticity-brought the first scaling reduction of the NS super-criticality since the 1960s. Here, we put this framework to the first numerical test using a spatially highly resolved computational simulation performed near a 'burst' of the vorticity magnitude. The results confirm that the scale is well suited to detect the onset of dissipation and provide numerical evidence that ongoing mathematical efforts may succeed in closing the scaling gap.

13.
Trials ; 22(1): 79, 2021 Jan 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33482878

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common in posterior lumbar intervertebral fusion (PLIF) patients undergoing general anesthesia. The previous clinical observation has shown that a traditional acupoint herbal plaster (AHP) is beneficial to patients with PONV. This trial aims to assess the effect of the AHP for the prevention and treatment of PONV after PLIF in patients with general anesthesia. METHODS: A multicenter, parallel, randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted. A total of 166 participants will be randomized to either a treatment group receiving an AHP or a control groups receiving an acupoint placebo plaster (APP) in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcomes are the first occurrence and frequency of nausea and vomiting. The secondary outcomes include the severity grading of nausea and vomiting using a visual analog scale (VAS) measurement system, quality of life, and serological indicators. The safety evaluation is mainly about adverse events and skin reactions' observation. Assessments will be carried out at the baseline, day 1, and day 2 (the end of the intervention). The central randomization system in the clinical trial ( http://124.205.181.142:8082/xwtf/ ) will be used to conduct random allocation. DISCUSSION: This scientific methodology design of the trial is expected to provide clinical evidence to support the AHP for the prevention and treatment of PONV. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study is retrospectively registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( http://www.chictr.org.cn ) on 19 April 2018. ID: ChiCTR1800015768.


Assuntos
Antieméticos , Estimulação Elétrica Nervosa Transcutânea , Pontos de Acupuntura , Anestesia Geral/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto , Medição da Dor , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/diagnóstico , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/prevenção & controle , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto
14.
J Geriatr Cardiol ; 17(7): 393-399, 2020 Jul 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32863821

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Subintimal plaque modification (SPM) is often performed to restore antegrade flow and facilitate subsequent lesion recanalization. This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of modified SPM with traditional SPM. METHODS: A total of 1454 consecutive patients who failed a chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention (CTO PCI) attempt and underwent SPM from January 2015 to December 2019 at our hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Fifty-four patients who underwent SPM finally were included in this study. We analyzed the outcomes of all the patients, and the primary endpoint was recanalization rate, which was defined as Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) grades 2-3 flow on angiography 30 to 90 days post-procedure. RESULTS: The baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups. In the follow-up, the recanalization rate was noticeably higher in the modified SPM group compared with the traditional SPM group (90.9% vs. 62.5%, P < 0.05). The proposed strategy in the modified group was more aggressive, including a larger balloon size (1.83 ± 0.30 vs. 2.48 ± 0.26 mm, P < 0.05) and longer subintimal angioplasty (0.59 ± 0.16 vs. 0.92 ± 0.12 mm, P < 0.05). Also, the common use of a Stingray balloon and guide catheter extension resulted in improvement of patients in the modified SMP group (12.5% vs. 100%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Modified SPM, which is associated with a high likelihood of successful recanalization, is an effective and safe CTO PCI bail out strategy.

15.
Sci Total Environ ; 724: 138187, 2020 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32408447

RESUMO

Chlorophenols (CPs) are important pollutants detected frequently in the environment. This study intended to detect the inhibitory effects of fourteen CPs (2-CP, 3-CP, 4-CP, 4C2AP, 4C3MP, 2.4-DCP, 2.3.4-TCP, 2.4.5-TCP, 2.4.6-TCP, 3.4.5-TCP, 2.3.4.5-TECP, 2.3.4.6-TECP, 2.3.5.6-TECP and PCP) towards human liver cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Throughout the tests, testosterone was used as the probe substrate and CPs were used as inhibitors. A series of experiments (enzyme activity assays, preliminary screening tests, inhibition kinetics determination) were conducted to determine the inhibition of CPs towards human liver CYP3A4. CPs with the inhibitory effect >80% were selected for the inhibition evaluation in liver microsomes from different animal species (monkey, rat, dog, pig). The results showed that 2.3.4-TCP, 3.4.5-TCP, and 2.3.4.5-TECP inhibited the activities of CYP3A4 by 80.3%, 93.4%, 91.6%, respectively. Inhibition kinetics type were non-competitive and inhibition kinetics constant (Ki) values were 26.4 µM, 13.5 µM, and 8.8 µM for the inhibition of 2.3.4-TCP, 3.4.5-TCP, and 2.3.4.5-TECP towards human CYP3A4, respectively. Inhibition kinetics type was competitive and Ki value was 4.9 µM for the inhibition of 2.3.4-TCP towards CYP3A4 in Monkey liver microsomes (MyLMs). Inhibition kinetic types were non-competitive and Ki values were 8.1 µM and 28.7 µM for the inhibition of 3.4.5-TCP and 2.3.4.5-TECP towards CYP3A4 in MyLMs. Inhibition kinetic types were non-competitive and Ki values were 13.8 µM, 0.6 µM, and 6.1 µM for the inhibition of 2.3.4-TCP, 3.4.5-TCP, and 2.3.4.5-TECP towards CYP3A4 in Dog liver microsomes (DLMs), respectively. By comparing Ki values and inhibition kinetic types, the dog was the most suitable model to assess the inhibition of 2.3.4-TCP and 2.3.4.5-TECP towards CYP3A4, and monkey was the most suitable model to assess the inhibition of 3.4.5-TCP towards CYP3A4. In conclusion, our recent study on the inhibition of CPs towards CYP3A4 and species differences was important for further toxicological studies of CPs in human bodies.


Assuntos
Clorofenóis , Inibidores das Enzimas do Citocromo P-450 , Animais , Citocromo P-450 CYP3A , Sistema Enzimático do Citocromo P-450 , Cães , Humanos , Microssomos Hepáticos , Ratos , Suínos
16.
Environ Pollut ; 263(Pt B): 114521, 2020 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32283403

RESUMO

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known as one of the ubiquitous environmental pollutants caused by unavoidable combustion of by-products. Despite decades of research on adverse health effects towards humans, the effects of PAHs and their hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PAHs) on UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate inhibitory effects with structure-dependence of 14 PAHs and OH-PAHs towards the activity of 7 isoforms of UGTs using in vitro recombinant UGTs-catalyzed glucuronidation of 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) as the probe reaction. PAHs and OH-PAHs showed inhibitory effects towards different UGT isoforms with different extents. For inhibition kinetics determination, 1-HONAP, 4-HOPHE, 9-HOPHE, and 1-HOPYR were utilized as the representative compounds, and UGT1A6, UGT1A9 and UGT2B7 were chosen as the three representative UGT isoforms. The inhibitory effects of 4-HOPHE, 9-HOPHE and 1-HOPYR on three above UGT isoforms were the same: UGT1A9>UGT1A6>UGT2B; for 1-HONAP, that is UGT1A6>UGT1A9>UGT2B. Molecular docking methods were utilized to find the activity cavity of UGT1A9 and UGT2B7 binding with 1-HONAP and 1-HOPYR. Hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic contacts were mainly contributors to their interactions. In vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) showed that high in vivo inhibition possibility exists for the inhibition of OH-PAHs on UGTs. All the results provide a novel viewpoint for an explanation of the toxicity of PAHs and OH-PAHs.


Assuntos
Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos , Glucuronosiltransferase , Humanos , Himecromona , Cinética , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Isoformas de Proteínas
17.
Am J Cardiol ; 125(7): 1039-1045, 2020 04 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32014245

RESUMO

Associations between elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and the angina pectoris risk have been reported for many years, but the results remain controversial. To address this issue, a meta-analysis was therefore conducted. Eligible studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and web of science up to January 2019. Altogether, 10 prospective cohort studies and 11 case-control studies were included, and they were published from 1997 to 2013 and summed up to 18,316 samples totally. The pooled mean difference of CRP levels was 4.44 (95% confidence interval 2.71 to 6.17) between angina patients and healthy controls. The combined odds ratio of CRP for major adverse cardiac events in angina patients was 1.67 (95% CI 1.23 to 2.26). In conclusion, the meta-analysis indicated that elevated CRP levels were associated with angina pectoris, especially unstable angina pectoris, and were probably a risk factor of major adverse cardiac events.


Assuntos
Angina Pectoris/sangue , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Angina Pectoris/epidemiologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Saúde Global , Humanos , Incidência , Prognóstico , Fatores de Risco , Taxa de Sobrevida/tendências
18.
Zhongguo Gu Shang ; 31(10): 907-911, 2018 Oct 25.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30373342

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To explore clinical effects of ultrasound guided popliteal sciatic nerve combined saphenous nerve block in patients with anterior foot orthopedics. METHODS: From January 2017 to October 2017, 60 hallux valgus patients with metatarsophalangeal joint dislocation were randomly divided into experimental and control group according to random number table. Thirty patients in experimental group were treated by ultrasound guided popliteal sciatic nerve combined saphenous nerve block, including 13 males and 17 females, aged 31 to 76 years old with an average of (59.23±10.07) years old;and body mass index ranged from 21 to 30 kg/m² with an average of (24.57±1.85) kg/m²; 12 cases were grade I and 18 cases were grade II according to ASA grading. Thirty patients in control group were treated by spinal anesthesia, including 12 males and 18 females, aged from 20 to 74 years old with an average of (54.20±15.87) years old; and body mass index ranged from 20 to 29 kg/m² with an average of (24.43 ± 3.15) kg/m²; 11 cases were grade I and 19 cases were grade II according to ASA grading. Block time of anesthesia, onset time of sensory nerve block, onset time of motor nerve block, invalid time of motor nerve block, invalid time of sensory nerve block were compared between two groups. Hemodynamic changes before anesthesia(T0), 15 min after block(T1), 30 min after block(T2), at the beginning of the operation(T3), 30 min after the beginning(T4) of surgery and at the end of operation(T5), adverse reactions and subjective satisfactory between two groups were also recorded. RESULTS: Both of the anesthetic protocol could achieved satisfied clinical effects. In experimental group, block time of patients, onset time of sensory block, invalid time of motor nerve block and invalid time of sensory nerve block were longer than those in control group, and there were significant differences between two groups(P<0.001). There was no significant difference between two groups in onset time of motor nerve block(P> 0.05). There were no significant differences of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR) in experimental group at different time points(P> 0.05). There were significant differences of SBP, DBP in control group at different time points (P<0.05). There was no significant difference of HR in control group at different time points(P> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound guided popliteal sciatic nerve combined saphenous nerve block could meet demand of hallux valgus patients with metatarsophalangeal joint dislocation. Compared with lumbar anesthesia, it could maintain hemodynamic stability, prolong effective analgesia time after operation, and improve patients' overall comfort and safety for free activity above the knee joint.


Assuntos
Hallux Valgus , Articulação Metatarsofalângica , Bloqueio Nervoso , Adulto , Idoso , Anestésicos Locais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nervo Isquiático , Adulto Jovem
19.
Accid Anal Prev ; 121: 223-230, 2018 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30265908

RESUMO

This paper presents a spatial clustering method for macro-level traffic crash analysis based on open source point-of-interest (POI) data. Traffic crashes are discrete and non-negative events for short-time evaluation but can be spatially correlated with long-term macro-level estimation. Thus, the method requires the evaluation of parameters that reflect spatial properties and correlation to identify the distribution of traffic crash frequency. A POI database from an open source website is used to describe the specific land use factors which spatially correlate to macro level traffic crash distribution. This paper proposes a method using kernel density estimation (KDE) with spatial clustering to evaluate POI data for land use features and estimates a simple regression model and two spatial regression models for Suzhou Industrial Park (SIP), China. The performance of spatial regression models proves that the spatial clustering method can explain the macro distribution of traffic crashes effectively using POI data. The results show that residential density, and bank and hospital POIs have significant positive impacts on traffic crashes, whereas, stores, restaurants, and entertainment venues are found to be irrelevant for traffic crashes, which indicate densely populated areas for public services may enhance traffic risks.


Assuntos
Acidentes de Trânsito/estatística & dados numéricos , Análise Espacial , China , Análise por Conglomerados , Planejamento Ambiental , Humanos , Densidade Demográfica , Medição de Risco
20.
J Med Entomol ; 55(4): 808-816, 2018 06 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29474578

RESUMO

Simulium quinquestriatum Shiraki (Diptera: Simuliidae), a human-biting fly that is distributed widely across Asia, is a vector for multiple pathogens. However, the larval development of this species is poorly understood. In this study, we determined the number of instars in this pest using three batches of field-collected larvae from Guiyang, Guizhou, China. The postgenal length, head capsule width, mandibular phragma length, and body length of 773 individuals were measured, and k-means clustering was used for instar grouping. Four distance measures-Manhattan, Euclidean, Chebyshev, and Canberra-were determined. The reported instar numbers, ranging from 4 to 11, were set as initial cluster centers for k-means clustering. The Canberra distance yielded reliable instar grouping, which was consistent with the first instar, as characterized by egg bursters and prepupae with dark histoblasts. Females and males of the last cluster of larvae were identified using Feulgen-stained gonads. Morphometric differences between the two sexes were not significant. Validation was performed using the Brooks-Dyar and Crosby rules, revealing that the larval stage of S. quinquestriatum is composed of eight instars.


Assuntos
Larva/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Simuliidae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , China , Análise por Conglomerados , Larva/anatomia & histologia , Simuliidae/anatomia & histologia
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