Forensic Analysis of 8 Cases on Assessing Traffic Accident Disability Grade of Kümmell's Disease.

ABSTRACT: Objective To provide a reference for the assessment of the disability grade of Kümmell's disease cases, through the analysis of the basic situation, the disability grade and the causality of Kümmell's disease cases. Methods Data of appraised individuals in 8 cases of Kümmell's disease from traffic accident spinal injury cases accepted by the Institute from 2015 to 2017 were collected, and the basic situation, vertebral fracture sites and disability grades of the appraised individuals were analyzed. Results Among 8 cases of appraised individuals, there were 2 males and 6 females, the oldest 75 years and the youngest 50 years, with an average age of 62.5 years, all of whom suffered from single vertebral fracture. Among them, 1 patient had thoracic 11 vertebra fracture, 3 thoracic 12 vertebra fracture, 2 lumbar 1 vertebra fracture, 1 lumbar 2 vertebra fracture, and 1 lumbar 4 vertebra fracture, all of whom were assessed as grade 10 disability. Conclusion In the assessment of disability grade of vertebral fracture, dynamic observation of the vertebral fracture and its recovery should be made based on imaging data. If it is suspected that there is Kümmell's disease, it should be differentiated from other diseases. Also, the disability grade will be assessed according to the corresponding standards when the morphology of the injured vertebral body is relatively stable.

Relationship between gamma-hydroxybutyric acid receptors and the hypnotic and analgesic effects of emulsified inhalation anesthetics.

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the role of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid receptors (GHBR) in hypnosis and analgesia induced by emulsified inhalation anesthetics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After having established the mice model of hypnosis and analgesia by intraperitoneal injections of appropriate doses of enflurane, isoflurane, or sevoflurane, we intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) or intrathecally injected different doses of NCS-382 (antagonist of GHBR) and, then, observed the effects on the sleeping time using awaken test and the pain threshold in hot-plate test (HPPT) using HPPT. RESULTS: In the awaken test, 1, 5, and 25 µg of NCS-382 (i.c.v.) significantly decreased the sleeping time of the mice treated with the three emulsified inhalation anesthetics mentioned above (p < 0.05 or 0.01). In the HPPT, 1, 5, and 25 µg of NCS-382 (intrathecally) did not affect the HPPT in conscious mice (p > 0.05); in contrast, 1, 5, and 25 µg of NCS-382 (intrathecally) significantly decreased the HPPT of the mice treated with emulsified inhalation anesthetics (p < 0.05 or 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The data presented in this study suggest that GHBR may be important targets for the hypnotic and analgesic effects induced by emulsified enflurane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane.