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OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the effects of ozone (O3) concentrations measured with different approaches across different seasons on the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits, as well as the differentiation of such effects across different groups of patients.@*METHODS@#The outpatient data of three grade A tertiary hospitals in Lanzhou City spanning from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2017, as well as air pollution and meteorological data during the same period were collected. Considering the nonlinear relationship between O3 concentrations and the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits and meteorological factors, a generalized additive temporal sequence model was employed to analyze the short-term association between changes in O3 concentrations and the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits. Taking into account of the variations in O3 concentrations within 1 day, this study adopted different measurement approaches to address the three types of O3 exposures, namely, the maximum 1 h daily concentration (O3max1h), the maximum 8 h daily concentration (O38h) and the mean 24 h daily concentration (O324h) as the short term exposure indicators to O3, followed by a model-based analysis.@*RESULTS@#The increase in short-term exposure levels to O3 in summer had a significant effect on the increase in the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits. With lag0 for the current day, every 10 μg/m3 increase in atmospheric concentration of O3max1h was associated with an increase in the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits by 3.351% (95%CI: 1.231%-5.516%); for every 10 μg/m3 increase in O38h concentration, the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits increased by 3.320% (95%CI: 0.197%-3.829%); for every 10 μg/m3increase in O324h concentration, the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits in summer increased by 6.600% (95%CI: 0.914%-12.607%); moreover, an increase in exposure to O3max1h also led to a significant rise in the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits among the males.@*CONCLUSION@#The increase in short-term exposure levels to O3 in summer in Lanzhou City has a significant effect on the increase in the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits; O3max1h is more closely correlated with the increase in the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits.
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Humanos , Masculino , Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise , Poluição do Ar/análise , Asma/etiologia , China/epidemiologia , Pacientes Ambulatoriais , Ozônio/análise , Material Particulado , Estações do Ano , Centros de Atenção TerciáriaRESUMO
Vestibular compensation is an important model for developing the prevention and intervention strategies of vestibular disorders, and investigating the plasticity of the adult central nervous system induced by peripheral injury. Medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) in brainstem is critical center for vestibular compensation. Its neuronal excitability and sensitivity have been implicated in normal function of vestibular system. Previous studies mainly focused on the changes in neuronal excitability of the MVN in lesional side of the rat model of vestibular compensation following the unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL). However, the plasticity of sensitivity of bilateral MVN neurons dynamically responding to input stimuli is still largely unknown. In the present study, by using qPCR, whole-cell patch clamp recording in acute brain slices and behavioral techniques, we observed that 6 h after UL, rats showed a significant deficit in spontaneous locomotion, and a decrease in excitability of type B neurons in the ipsilesional rather than contralesional MVN. By contrast, type B neurons in the contralesional rather than ipsilesional MVN exhibited an increase in response sensitivity to the ramp and step input current stimuli. One week after UL, both the neuronal excitability of the ipsilesional MVN and the neuronal sensitivity of the contralesional MVN recovered to the baseline, accompanied by a compensation of spontaneous locomotion. In addition, the data showed that the small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) channel involved in the regulation of type B MVN neuronal sensitivity, showed a selective decrease in expression in the contralesional MVN 6 h after UL, and returned to normal level 1 week later. Pharmacological blockage of SK channel in contralateral MVN to inhibit the UL-induced functional plasticity of SK channel significantly delayed the compensation of vestibular motor dysfunction. These results suggest that the changes in plasticity of the ipsilesional MVN neuronal excitability, together with changes in the contralesional MVN neuronal sensitivity, may both contribute to the development of vestibular symptoms as well as vestibular compensation, and SK channel may be an essential ionic mechanism responsible for the dynamic changes of MVN neuronal sensitivity during vestibular compensation.
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Animais , Ratos , Locomoção , Neurônios/fisiologia , Técnicas de Patch-Clamp , Núcleos Vestibulares/metabolismo , Vestíbulo do LabirintoRESUMO
Objective:To investigate the effect of allicin (ALL) on learning and memory ability of rats with vascular dementia (VD) and the possible mechanism. Method:The VD rats induced by modified bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) were randomly divided into the VD group, low- and high-dose ALL (ALL-L and ALL-H) groups, and the sham operation (S) group, with 15 rats in each group. In the ALL-L and ALL-H groups, ALL was injected into the femoral vein at 5 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup> and 20 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, while the same volume of normal saline was injected in the S and VD groups, once a day, for two successive weeks. Morris water maze (MWM) was used to test the learning and memory ability of rats. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was conducted to observe the pathological changes in hippocampal tissue, followed by the detection of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic> (TNF-<italic>α</italic>), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1<italic>β</italic> as well as oxidative stress indexes malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in rat hippocampus. The apoptosis of hippocampal cells was detected by TdT-mediated dUTP Nick end Labeling(TUNEL) assay. The expression levels of apoptosis and autophagy-related proteins cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease-3 (Caspase-3), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), microtubule-associated protein light chain 3Ⅱ (LC3Ⅱ), LC3Ⅰ, and the mammalian homolog of yeast ATG6 (Beclin 1) in hippocampus were determined by Western blot. Result:The comparison with the VD group revealed that the learning and memory abilities of rats in the ALL-H and ALL-L groups were significantly improved (<italic>P</italic><0.05). The TNF-<italic>α</italic>, IL-6, IL-1<italic>β</italic>, and MDA levels in hippocampus were lowered (<italic>P</italic><0.05), whereas the SOD and GSH-Px activities were enhanced (<italic>P</italic><0.05). The apoptosis rates were declined (<italic>P</italic><0.05), with an even lower rate noticed in the ALL-H group (<italic>P</italic><0.05). The expression levels of Caspase-3, Bax, LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio, and Beclin-1 in the ALL-H and ALL-L groups were significantly down-regulated in contrast to those in the VD group (<italic>P</italic><0.05), while that of Bcl-2 was up-regulated (<italic>P</italic><0.05). The ALL-H group exhibited better performances than the ALL-L group (<italic>P</italic><0.05). Conclusion:ALL could improve the learning and memory ability of VD rats to some extent, which may be attributed to its inhibition against inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, and neuronal apoptosis and autophagy.
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Nuclear factor 45 (NF-45) has been found to be markedly upregulated in several cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its functions remain unclear. In this study, we confirm that overexpression of NF45 was frequently detected in ESCC tissues and was associated with poor outcome. Overexpression studies revealed that NF-45 promoted cell growth and invasion and upregulated Rac1/Tiam1 signalling via 14-3-3ε protein in ESCC cell lines. This novel mechanism linking upregulated NF45 expression to increased 14-3-3ε/Rac1/Tiam1 signalling and subsequent growth and invasion in ESCC may aid in identification of new therapeutic targets for this disease.
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Proteínas 14-3-3/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Invasividade Neoplásica , Proteína do Fator Nuclear 45/fisiologia , Proteínas rac1 de Ligação ao GTP/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células , Neoplasias Esofágicas/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Transdução de Sinais , Proteína 1 Indutora de Invasão e Metástase de Linfoma de Células T/metabolismoRESUMO
Cranioplasty is one of the common operations in neurosurgery at present. It can not only restore the integrity of the cranial cavity and meet the aesthetic requirements, but also relieve the clinical symptoms of headache, dizziness, fatigue, mood swings and so on. Cranioplasty can improve cerebral hemodynamics to promote the recovery of neurological function. The researches on relationship between cerebral hemodynamics and clinical symptoms were reported in recent years. However, the results were not consistent. Cranioplasty is recommended as early as permit.
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Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of occlusion therapy for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) infants in Gansu plateau and sub-plateau of China. Methods: A total of 300 PDA infants treated in Gansu Provincial People's Hospital between Jan. 2008 and Jan. 2018, including 123 patients from plateau area and 177 patients from sub-plateau area, were enrolled in this study. Their ages ranged from 6 months to 3 years. Anterior right heart catheter was blocked for measuring pulmonary artery pressure before occlusion during surgery. Different occlusion devices were selected according to the characteristics of PDA during the operation. Occlusion treatment for PDA patients with mild pulmonary hypertension was processed and testing occlusion was given to patients with moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension. After 1, 3, and 6 months follow-up, electrocardiogram, echocardiography and other data were examined, and changes in pulmonary artery pressure were evaluated based on the rate of tricuspid regurgitation. Results: A total of 300 patients receiving angiography showed defects, with the defect diameter being 1-10 (4.5 ± 2.8) mm before operation. After occlusion, 293 infants had no residual shunt. Totally 299 patients were successfully operated, and 97 patients with moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension were tested for hyperoxia and 21 infants with oxygen saturation <95% were given testing occlusion operation. And 235 patients were successfully blocked with PDA occlude, 53 micro-arterial catheters were occluded with German PFM Duct-Occlud, and 11 treated with ventricular septal defect occlude. One case aged 3 years old gave up treatment due to elevation of pulmonary artery pressure immediately after occlusion. Pulmonary systolic pressure and mean pulmonary artery pressure decreased in 299 patients 6 months after operation. Conclusion: Occlusion therapy is a reliable method for PDA infants in plateau and sub-plateau areas of Gansu Province, China, with definite curative effect and high success rate. Testing occlusion is a reliable method for identifying severe pulmonary hypertension, and choosing an appropriate occlusion device according to the individual conditions can achieve promising clinical outcomes.
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Spinal α-motoneurons directly innervate skeletal muscles and function as the final common path for movement and behavior. The processes that determine the excitability of motoneurons are critical for the execution of motor behavior. In fact, it has been noted that spinal motoneurons receive various neuromodulatory inputs, especially monoaminergic one. However, the roles of histamine and hypothalamic histaminergic innervation on spinal motoneurons and the underlying ionic mechanisms are still largely unknown. In the present study, by using the method of intracellular recording on rat spinal slices, we found that activation of either H or H receptor potentiated repetitive firing behavior and increased the excitability of spinal α-motoneurons. Both of blockage of K channels and activation of Na-Ca exchangers were involved in the H receptor-mediated excitation on spinal motoneurons, whereas the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels were responsible for the H receptor-mediated excitation. The results suggest that, through switching functional status of ion channels and exchangers coupled to histamine receptors, histamine effectively biases the excitability of the spinal α-motoneurons. In this way, the hypothalamospinal histaminergic innervation may directly modulate final motor outputs and actively regulate spinal motor reflexes and motor execution.
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Animais , Ratos , Histamina , Farmacologia , Canais Disparados por Nucleotídeos Cíclicos Ativados por Hiperpolarização , Metabolismo , Neurônios Motores , Fisiologia , Receptores Histamínicos H2 , Metabolismo , Trocador de Sódio e Cálcio , MetabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND@#The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score is recommended by current ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) guidelines. But it has inherent defects. The present study aimed to investigate the more compatible risk stratification for Chinese patients with STEMI and to determine whether the addition of biomarkers to the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR) score could enhance its predictive value for long-term outcomes.@*METHODS@#A total of 1093 consecutive STEMI patients were included and followed up 48.2 months. Homocysteine, hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were detected. The KAMIR score and the GRACE score were calculated. The performance between the KAMIR and the GRACE was compared. The predictive power of the KAMIR alone and combined with biomarkers were assessed by the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve.@*RESULTS@#The KAMIR demonstrated a better risk stratification and predictive ability than the GRACE (death: AUC = 0.802 vs. 0.721, P < 0.001; major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE): AUC = 0.683 vs. 0.656, P < 0.001). It showed that the biomarkers could independently predict death [homocysteine: HR = 1.019 (1.015-1.024), P < 0.001; hs-CRP: HR = 1.052 (1.000-1.104), P = 0.018; NT-pro BNP: HR = 1.142 (1.004-1.280), P = 0.021] and MACE [homocysteine: HR = 1.019 (1.015-1.024), P < 0.001; hs-CRP: HR = 1.012 (1.003-1.021), P = 0.020; NT-pro BNP: HR = 1.136 (1.104-1.168), P = 0.006]. When they were used in combination with the KAMIR, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) significantly increased for death [homocysteine: AUC = 0.802 vs. 0.890, Z = 5.982, P < 0.001; hs-CRP: AUC = 0.802 vs. 0.873, Z = 3.721, P < 0.001; NT-pro BNP: AUC = 0.802 vs. 0.871, Z = 2.187, P = 0.047; homocysteine, hs-CRP and NT-pro BNP: AUC = 0.802 vs. 0.940, Z = 6.177, P < 0.001] and MACE [homocysteine: AUC = 0.683 vs. 0.771, Z = 6.818, P < 0.001; hs-CRP: AUC = 0.683 vs. 0.712, Z = 2.022, P = 0.031; NT-pro BNP: AUC = 0.683 vs. 0.720, Z = 2.974, P = 0.003; homocysteine, hs-CRP and NT-pro BNP: AUC = 0.683 vs. 0.789, Z = 6.900, P < 0.001].@*CONCLUSION@#The KAMIR is better than the GRACE in risk stratification and prognosis prediction in Chinese STEMI patients. A combination of above-mentioned biomarkers can develop a more predominant prediction for long-term outcomes.
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Humanos , Biomarcadores , Sangue , Proteína C-Reativa , Metabolismo , Infarto do Miocárdio , Sangue , Metabolismo , Peptídeo Natriurético Encefálico , Sangue , Metabolismo , Fragmentos de Peptídeos , Sangue , Metabolismo , Curva ROC , Sistema de Registros , Fatores de Risco , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST , Sangue , MetabolismoRESUMO
The ventral pallidum (VP) is a crucial component of the limbic loop of the basal ganglia and participates in the regulation of reward, motivation, and emotion. Although the VP receives afferent inputs from the central histaminergic system, little is known about the effect of histamine on the VP and the underlying receptor mechanism. Here, we showed that histamine, a hypothalamic-derived neuromodulator, directly depolarized and excited the GABAergic VP neurons which comprise a major cell type in the VP and are responsible for encoding cues of incentive salience and reward hedonics. Both postsynaptic histamine H1 and H2 receptors were found to be expressed in the GABAergic VP neurons and co-mediate the excitatory effect of histamine. These results suggested that the central histaminergic system may actively participate in VP-mediated motivational and emotional behaviors via direct modulation of the GABAergic VP neurons. Our findings also have implications for the role of histamine and the central histaminergic system in psychiatric disorders.
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Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Ratos , Potenciais de Ação , Prosencéfalo Basal , Biologia Celular , Dimaprit , Farmacologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Estimulação Elétrica , Neurônios GABAérgicos , Histamina , Farmacologia , Agonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos , Farmacologia , Lisina , Metabolismo , Técnicas de Patch-Clamp , Piridinas , Farmacologia , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptores Histamínicos H1 , Metabolismo , Receptores Histamínicos H2 , Metabolismo , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Sódio , Farmacologia , Tetrodotoxina , Farmacologia , Ácido gama-Aminobutírico , MetabolismoRESUMO
Objective To investigate the expression, function and significance of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) CASC19 in colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was employed to determine the expression of CASC19 in 40 paired samples from CRC surgical specimens and 5 CRC cell lines. The correlations of CASC19 expression with clinicopathologic parameters were analyzed. Transwell assay was applied to detect the migration ability of CRC cells after the CASC19 expression was knocked down by small interfering RNA. Results The expression of CASC19 in colorectal cancer was significantly higher than those in adjacent normal mucosa tissues (t=5.527, P<0.000 1) and was associated with metastasis (P=0.044). Knockdown of CASC19 expression in CRC inhibited the migration ability of CRC in vitro. Conclusions The expression of CASC19 increases in CRC. CASC19 expression is not associated with age, gender, or tumor site/differentiation but with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis, suggesting high CASC19 expression may promote CRC metastasis.
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The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is the only excitatory glutamatergic nucleus in the basal ganglia circuitry. It not only is a key node in the classical indirect pathway, but also forms the "hyperdirect" pathway directly connecting the cortex, and even is implicated as a pacemaker for activity of whole basal ganglia. Due to the key position of STN in the basal ganglia circuitry, the STN is an optimal target for deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the neurosurgical treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the therapeutic mechanisms underlying the amelioration of parkinsonian motor dysfunctions induced by DBS on STN remain enigmatic. This paper reviews recent progresses in the studies on the input-output configurations and functions of STN in the basal ganglia circuitry, and summarizes the hypotheses for mechanisms of DBS for the treatment of motor dysfunctions in PD. Studying on the DBS mechanisms will not only help to develop strategies for treatment of PD, but also contribute to the understanding of functions of the basal ganglia circuitry.
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Objective To explore the effect of galangin on the inhibition of proliferation and invasion in human lung cancer A549 cell lines and its mechanism thereof. Methods MTS assay was employed to detect the ability of cell proliferation with different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 100μmol/L) of galangin after A549 cells were cultured in 96 well-plate. Transwell assay was employed to detect the ability of cell invasion. Western blot assay was employed to detect the protein expression levels of Survivin, p27, CD44, ICAM, MMP-2/9 and the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT. Results The cell proliferation rate of A549 cell line was suppressed with increased concentration of galangin treatment, and IC50 was 44.7μmol/L. The concentrations of 10μmol/L and 20μmol/L were used for the following study. The ability of cell invasion was decreased with 0, 10 and 20μmol/L concentrations of galangin treatment (P<0.05). The protein expression of p27 was increased and the expressions of other proteins were decreased with 0, 10 and 20μmol/L galangin treatmenmt (P<0.05). Conclusion Galangin can significantly inhibit the cell proliferation and invasion of human lung cancer A549 cell line, and which is a potential anti-lung cancer drug. The mechanisms may be related with the regulated related gene expression and the inhibited phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT.
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Partitioning defective protein 3 (Par3) can activate the Tiam1/Rac pathway to inhibit invasion and metastasis in many cancers; however, the role of Par3 in lung adenocarcinoma remains unknown. Here we show that Par3 is downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and is associated with higher rates of lymph node metastasis and recurrence. Our functional study demonstrated that knock-down of Par3 promoted lung adenocarcinoma cell growth, cell migration, tumor formation, and metastasis, all of which were effectively inhibited when 14-3-3ζ was silenced. We found that Par3 binded with 14-3-3ζ protein and also showed that Par3 abrogated the binding of 14-3-3ζ to Tiam1, which was responsible for Rac1 activation. Knock-down of 14-3-3ζ inhibited Tiam1/Rac-GTP activation and blocked the invasive behavior of cells lacking Par3. These data suggest that loss of Par3 promotes metastatic behavior in lung adenocarcinoma cells through 14-3-3ζ protein.
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Proteínas 14-3-3/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Movimento Celular , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Proteínas 14-3-3/genética , Células A549 , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal , Adenocarcinoma/genética , Adenocarcinoma/secundário , Adenocarcinoma de Pulmão , Animais , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/genética , Proliferação de Células , Regulação para Baixo , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana/metabolismo , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana/patologia , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Metástase Linfática , Masculino , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Camundongos Nus , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Invasividade Neoplásica , Neovascularização Patológica , Ligação Proteica , Interferência de RNA , Transdução de Sinais , Proteína 1 Indutora de Invasão e Metástase de Linfoma de Células T/metabolismo , Transfecção , Carga Tumoral , Proteínas rac1 de Ligação ao GTP/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the cyfluthrin resistance and potential mechanisms of Anopheles sinensis in Nanchang Chang-bei International Airport, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province. METHODS: The resistance levels of the local An. sinensis were detected by WHO drug resistance bioassay. During the bioassay, the dying mosquitos were classed as sensitive mosquitos, and the survival ones were classed as resistant mosquitos. The P450 monooxygenase activity and glutathione S-transferase activity were detected and compared between the two groups. At the same time, the death time of each sensitive mosquito was recorded, and the correlations between the death time and the P450 monooxygenase activity and glutathione S-transferase activity were analyzed, respectively. RESULTS: The bioassay mortality of the local An. sinensis was 59.5%. The differences of the P450 monooxygenase activities among the resistant mosquitos, sensitive mosquitos and laboratory sensitive mosquitos had statistical significances (F =151.89, P < 0.01), the resistant mosquitos > sensitive mosquitos > laboratory sensitive mosquitos. The differences of glutathione s-transferase activities among the three groups had no statistical significance (F = 0.72, P = 0.49). There existed positive correlation between the mosquito death time and the P450 monooxygenase activity, and the regression equation was y = 79.479 +1.512x with the correlation coefficient of 0.88, while there was no correlation between the mosquito death time and the glutathione S-transferaseactivity. CONCLUSIONS: The An. sinensis in Nanchang Changbei International Airport has been resistant to cyfluthrin, and the promotion of P450 monooxygenase activity maybe one of the reasons for the resistance.
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Anopheles/enzimologia , Resistência a Inseticidas , Inseticidas , Controle de Mosquitos , Nitrilas , Piretrinas , Animais , ChinaRESUMO
<p><b>Objective</b>To investigate the pathological characteristics, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) in the male reproductive system.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We obtained the clinicopathological features, immunophenotypes, and electron microscopic findings of 11 male patients with ERMS in the reproductive system from 2000 to 2015, analyzed the data, and reviewed relevant literature.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ERMS developed in these patients at a median age of 17 (9-58) years, 3 cases in the testis, 4 in the scrotum, 1 in the epididymis, and 3 in the prostate. ERMS presented no clinical specificity, which made it difficult to be differentiated from inflammatory and other benign lesions. Microscopically, the tumor cells were arranged in a diffuse or fascicular distribution and mainly composed of short spindle-like, round, or irregularly shaped cells with nuclear hyperchromatism, the cytoplasm strongly eosinophilic, with differentiation of the striated muscle. Some of the cells were naively differentiated or tennis racket-shaped and some exhibited vacuolar degeneration in the cytoplasm. The nuclei were round or short spindle-shaped with visible nucleoli and mitoses. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for Myogenin (5/6), Desmin (11/11), MyoD1 (8/9), and Myosin (1/2). Electron microscopy revealed early myofibrils in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ERMS is a rare and highly malignant tumor characterized by local invasion and early metastasis and apt to develop in the reproductive system of young males. The diagnosis of the malignancy is mainly based on its histopathological and immunohistochemical manifestations, combined with electron microscopy when necessary. Early surgical resection in combination with radio- and chemotherapy is recommended for its treatment, which could reduce the recurrence of the tumor and improve the survival of the patients.</p>
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With the progress and development of the DNA test and imaging technique, and the evolution of evidence rule which bring the discussions about whether the individual identification using imaging data is outdated, and other disputes such as whether radiologic evidence could be suitable for contemporary evidence and be used to solve the posture difference of imaging test. This article summaries the domestic and foreign researches of individual identification using imaging data in the past 20 years and reviews the problems above.
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Humanos , DNA/análise , Genética Forense/normasRESUMO
Uterine leiomyoma causes considerable morbidity in women. This study systematically reviewed the efficacy and safety of gasless laparoscopic myomectomy (GLM) in the management of uterine leiomyoma by comparing GLM with other minimally invasive procedures. Cochrane Library, Pub- Med, EMBASE, Web of Science, WANFANG database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for studies published in English or Chinese between January 1995 and May 2015, and related references were traced. Study outcomes from randomized controlled trials and retrospective cohort studies were presented as mean difference (MD) or odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Seventeen studies (including 1862 patients) meeting the inclusion criteria, including 934 treated with GLM and 928 treated with other minimally invasive procedures were reviewed. The results of meta-analysis revealed that GLM resulted in significantly shorter operating time [MD=-10.34, 95% CI (-18.12,-2.56), P<0.00001], shorter hospital stay [MD=-0.47, 95% CI (-0.88,-0.06)], less time to flatus [MD=-2.04, 95% CI (-2.59,-1.48)], less postoperative complications [OR=0.20, 95% CI (0.06, 0.62)] and less blood loss [MD =-30.74, 95% CI (-47.50,-13.98)]. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in duration of post-operative fever [MD=-0.52, 95% CI (-1.46, 0.42)] between the two groups. Additionally, GLM was associated with lower febrile morbidity, lower postoperative abdominal pain, and higher postoperative hemoglobin than other minimally invasive procedures for the treatment of uterine leiomyoma. In conclusion, GLM and other minimally invasive procedures are feasible, safe, and reliable for uterine leiomyoma treatment. However, available studies show that GLM is more effective and safer than other minimally invasive approaches.
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Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Laparoscopia , Métodos , Leiomioma , Cirurgia Geral , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Neoplasias Uterinas , Cirurgia GeralRESUMO
Uterine leiomyoma causes considerable morbidity in women. This study systematically reviewed the efficacy and safety of gasless laparoscopic myomectomy (GLM) in the management of uterine leiomyoma by comparing GLM with other minimally invasive procedures. Cochrane Library, Pub- Med, EMBASE, Web of Science, WANFANG database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for studies published in English or Chinese between January 1995 and May 2015, and related references were traced. Study outcomes from randomized controlled trials and retrospective cohort studies were presented as mean difference (MD) or odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Seventeen studies (including 1862 patients) meeting the inclusion criteria, including 934 treated with GLM and 928 treated with other minimally invasive procedures were reviewed. The results of meta-analysis revealed that GLM resulted in significantly shorter operating time [MD=-10.34, 95% CI (-18.12,-2.56), P<0.00001], shorter hospital stay [MD=-0.47, 95% CI (-0.88,-0.06)], less time to flatus [MD=-2.04, 95% CI (-2.59,-1.48)], less postoperative complications [OR=0.20, 95% CI (0.06, 0.62)] and less blood loss [MD =-30.74, 95% CI (-47.50,-13.98)]. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in duration of post-operative fever [MD=-0.52, 95% CI (-1.46, 0.42)] between the two groups. Additionally, GLM was associated with lower febrile morbidity, lower postoperative abdominal pain, and higher postoperative hemoglobin than other minimally invasive procedures for the treatment of uterine leiomyoma. In conclusion, GLM and other minimally invasive procedures are feasible, safe, and reliable for uterine leiomyoma treatment. However, available studies show that GLM is more effective and safer than other minimally invasive approaches.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinicopathological characteristics of papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using routine pathology and immunohistochemistry, we observed the surgically obtained samples from 2 cases of papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis, analyzed their pathological features and clinical presentations, and reviewed the related literature.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 2 patients were both adult males. The tumors typically manifested as painless swelling in the epididymis, with occasionally dull pain and tenesmus in 1 of the cases. Pathologically, the lesions exhibited three morphological features, i. e., dilated ducts and small cysts surrounded by fibrous connective tissue, adenoid papillary hyperplasia into the cysts embraced by fibrovascular stroma, and acidophil substance present in the cysts. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumors were strongly positive for CK8/18, CK7, and EMA, but negative for CK20, CEA, MC, Calretenin, P53, P63, SMA, VHL, and CD10, with the positive rate of Ki-67 <1%. Follow-up visits revealed good prognosis in both cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis is a rare benign tumor in the male urogenital system, which may be accompanied by the VHL syndrome. Surgery is the first choice for its treatment.</p>
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Cistadenoma Papilar , Química , Patologia , Epididimo , Neoplasias dos Genitais Masculinos , Química , Patologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Doença de von Hippel-LindauRESUMO
@#Objective To explore the factors associated with the complications of cranioplasty, infection and local epidural hematoma, such as age, sex, primary disease, skull defect and concomitant hydrocephalus. Methods 211 patients after cranioplasty were reviewed. Results 8 cases (3.8%) complicated one of them, in which 6 cases with local epidural hematoma and 2 cases with infection. The infection was more likely related with the areas of skull defect (P=0.003). No factor was found related with the local epidural hematoma. Conclusion It is necessary to focus the size of the frontal sinus when repairing the the frontal bone, to avoid the screw into the frontal sinus caused infection.