Assessment of suitable areas for afforestation and its carbon sink value in fragile ecological areas of northern China.

Afforestation and reforestation are pivotal in mitigating land degradation and bolstering the carbon sink capacity of terrestrial ecosystems. However, the potential economic ramifications of afforestation and reforestation in the context of climate change remain largely unexplored. In this study, we employed an interdisciplinary methodology to establish a framework for assessing future forest potential and carbon sequestration in the Eastern Loess Plateau region of China. Our findings indicate that an estimated 17,392.99 km2 of land suitable for afforestation still existed within the region, exhibiting a propensity to aggregate around existing forests rather than being dispersed randomly. Notably, 4385.36 km2 was prioritized for afforestation initiatives. Projections suggest a significant enhancement of the forest carbon sink within the study area by 2050, ranging from 36.93 Mt to 105.38 Mt. The corresponding economic value for this enhancement is estimated to vary between US$3.25 billion and US$17.68 billion. Of significance is the observed polarization of the region's carbon sink capacity over time, with half of the total carbon sinks concentrated within 10% of the districts. Additionally, approximately 26% of the counties are expected to transition from carbon sinks to carbon sources. These findings underscore the substantial impact of climate change on forest distribution and suggest a targeted approach to combat forest degradation by circumventing ineffective afforestation activities.

Effect of oral glucose on neonatal pain during blood sampling through radial artery / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the effect of 10％ and 25％ oral glucose on neonatal pain during blood sampling through radial artery.Methods 90 newborns were randomly divided into group A,B and C,each group with 30 cases.2 min before the blood sampling,group A was offered 2ml 10％ oral glucose,group B was offered 2ml 25％ oral glucose,and group C was offered 2ml plain boiled water by oral intake.Pain was evaluated based on Neonatal Facial Coding System (NFCS),Neonatal Infant Pain Scale(NIPS),raise of heart rate and crying cases.Results The scores of NIPS during puncture,the scores of NFCS and NIPS after puncture,the raise of heart rate and crying cases were significantly different between three groups.Group B were lower than group A and group C,while differences between group A and group C had no statistical significance.Conclusions During blood sampling through radial artery,offering newboms 2ml 25％ oral glucose can reduce the pain,while 2ml 10％ oral glucose was ineffective.

Preventive measure of fixation failure of thoracolumbar vertebral fracture with pedicle screw / 中国矫形外科杂志

[Objective]To discuss the fault and its prevention of thoracolumbar vertebral fracture treated with pedicle screw.[Method]A retrospective study of 13 failure patients of thoracolumbar vertebral fracture were treated with pedicle screws from July 1998 to October 2007.The pedicle screw was found entering into the vertebral canal or being outside of the vertebral pedicle in 6 patients.The broken pedicle screw were found in 3 patients.The fixing position were fault in 3 patients and the system were loosen in 3 patients in the first X-ray photogram.One patient was misdiagnosed and 1 pedicle screw was broken within 6 months.[Result]Two patients refused any treatment.Eleven patients were followed-up in this group ( ranged from 6 months to 4 years,mean 15 months).The fixator were removed in 7 patients and 1 broken screw was left in the vertebral body.Another 4 patients were operated with new fixation and fusion in the second time.[Conclusion]The fixed approach of the vertebral pedicle root is narrow and small.Failure of internal fixation could only be avoided by means of careful reading Roentgen images preoperatively,fluoroscopical examination intraoperatively,and avoiding second implantation.

Clinical evaluation of the shape memory alloy embracing fixator for trea tment of clavicular fractures / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To study the effect and indication of the shape memory alloy(SMA)embracing fixator for treatment of clavicular fracture.Methods Thirty-six cases with clavicular fr acture were treated with SMA embracing fixator,of which 33we re middle third fracture and 3were between middle and lateral fracture.Results Thirty-five cases were followed up f or an average of 16months(from 8to 20months)and the average clinical healing was 2.8months(between 2and 4months).The results were evaluated accordi ng to Han Pingliang' s criteria and showed that 22cases wa s excellent,and 11cases was good.The excellent and good rate was 94.3percent.Conclusion The internal fixation with SMA embra cing fixator is less traumatic,stab le,safly effective to treat clavicular fracture.It is recommendable for treatment of clavicu lar fracture located in the middle an d proximal.The SMA embracing fixator must be pru dently used when the fracture is in th e curvature of clavicle.