Insight into the co-adsorption behaviors and interface interactions mechanism of chlortetracycline and lead onto struvite loaded diatomite.

Finding effective methods for simultaneous removal of antibiotics and heavy metals has attracted increasing concerns. Herein, we investigated the co-adsorption behaviors of chlortetracycline (CTC) and Pb (II) onto struvite loaded diatomite (SD) in aqueous solution, and their interface interactions mechanism was investigated using crystal and microstructure analysis combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The adsorption capacity at equilibrium of CTC increased from 44.28 to 87.58 mmol/kg with the presence of Pb (II), but the adsorption capacity at equilibrium of Pb (II) decreased from 4289.70 to 3559.9 mmol/kg with the presence of CTC. Besides, the effect of environmental factors (solution pH and humic acid) was also evaluated. Microstructure analysis for recovered products demonstrated that the interface interactions brought by the surface Pb(II) of Pb5(PO4)3OH and carbonyl-O of CTC could facilitate the removal of CTC but inhibit the removal of Pb(II) by suppressing the crystal growth of Pb5(PO4)3OH, especially the orientation growth of (0 0 1) crystal plane. DFT calculations gave theoretical support for the interface interactions between Pb5(PO4)3OH and CTC.

Comparative study on synchronous adsorption of arsenate and fluoride in aqueous solution onto MgAlFe-LDHs with different intercalating anions.

In this study, a series of MgAlFe-LDHs (Cl-, NO3 -, intercalation, and calcined products of a CO3 2- interlayer) was synthesized and used for adsorption of arsenate and fluoride in individual contaminants and coexisting pollutant systems. Effects of various factors such as initial pH of solution, dosage of materials, coexisting ions, contact time, and initial pollutant concentrations were evaluated. Experimental results showed that different intercalating anions had a significant effect on adsorption performance of arsenate and fluoride in water. The adsorption of arsenate and fluoride on MgAlFe-CLDH, MgAlFe-Cl-LDH or MgAlFe-NO3-LDH can be described by different adsorption isotherm equations. During the simultaneous removal process, arsenate and fluoride competed for adsorption sites of the adsorbent materials, and the fluoride ions had advantages in the competitive adsorption on MgAlFe-Cl-LDH and MgAlFe-NO3-LDH. MgAlFe-NO3-LDH was used to adsorb arsenate and fluoride in coexisting pollution systems (the concentration of each pollutant was 2 mg L-1, the adsorbent dosage was 1.5 g L-1). The remaining arsenic concentration was reduced to less than 10 µg L-1 and the remaining fluoride ion concentration to below 20 µg L-1 which meets the World Health Organization's, EPA's and China's drinking water standards for arsenic and fluoride limits. A possible mechanism is discussed with support from further XRD, SEM, and XPS analysis of the materials after their adsorption.

Expression and clinical significance of bFGF and MMP9 in nasopharyn-geal carcinoma / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To detect the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and matrix metalloprotei-nase 9 (MMP9) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis of the patients.METHODS:The expression of bFGF and MMP9 was detected by the method of SP immunohistochemical staining in biopsy tissues of NPC patients.The relationship between the expression and the clinical significance was analyzed as well.RESULTS:In 289 cases of NPC patients, the positive rates of bFGF and MMP9 were 71.3% and 61.6%, respectively.Correlation analysis demonstrated that the expression rates of bFGF and MMP9 were both positively associated with N stage and clinical stage in NPC patients.The high expression rates of both bFGF and MMP9 were associated with poor overall survival and progression-free survival of NPC patients.Furthermore, the positive rate of bFGF was positively correlated with that of MMP9, and over-expression of both bFGF and MMP9 was correlated with the poorest survival outcomes in NPC patients.CONCLUSION:bFGF and MMP9 are over-expressed in NPC tissues and significantly associated with NPC recurrence and poor outcome.The combined interpretation of bFGF and MMP9 expression levels leads to refinement of the risks for the NPC patients and could be chosen as the prognostic biomarkers.

Expression of bFGF in malignant tumor and its clinical pathological sig-nificance / 中国病理生理杂志

[ ABSTRACT] AIM: To detect basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) expression in clinical common malignant tumor ( non-small-cell lung cancer,breast cancer, colon cancer and melanoma) , and to identify relationship between the expression and tumor clinicopathological characteristics.METHODS:Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of bFGF at protein level in 208 cases of paraffin-embedded tissue of primary malignant tumor patients ( 68 cases of lung cancer, 80 cases of breast carcinoma, 41 cases of colon cancer and 19 cases of melanoma) .RESULTS:The bFGF protein expression levels were significantly higher in low differentiated non-small-cell lung cancer with lymph node metastasis, and were positively correlated with TNM.In addition, no significant influence of the bFGF protein expression on the patients with median survival period was observed.The protein expression of bFGF was higher in advanced breast cancer with lymph node metastasis and was commonly found in the middle/higher differentiated colon cancer with regional lymph node metastasis.Meanwhile, bFGF protein was highly expressed in advanced melanoma patients with lymph node metastasis.CONCLUSION:bFGF may participate in the process of occurrence and progression of malignant tumor.Ex-pression of bFGF protein may be an effective parameter for evaluating metastasis and prognosis of malignant tumor.

Clarithromycin combined with tanshinone for rhinosinusal and laryngeal radiation injury in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the therapeutic effect of clarithromycin combined with tanshinone in the treatment of rhinosinusal and laryngeal radiation injury induced by radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 255 NPC patients with rhinosinusal and laryngeal radiation injury following radiotherapy were randomized into 3 groups for treatment with clarithromycin (group A, n=69), tanshinone (group B, n=69), and clarithromycin + tanshinone (group C, n=69), and the clinical outcomes of the patients were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In all the 3 groups the patients responded favorably to the treatments and showed obvious improvements (P<0.05). The therapeutic effects were similar between groups A and B (P>0.05), but the patients in group C showed the most obvious improvements (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Clarithromycin combined with tanshinone can be an effective regimen for treatment of rhinosinusal and laryngeal radiation injury induced by radiotherapy in NPC patients.</p>

Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of rivers and an estuary in Shanghai, China.

Concentrations, spatial distribution and sources of 17 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and methylnaphthalene were investigated in surface sediments of rivers and an estuary in Shanghai, China. Total PAH concentrations, excluding perylene, ranged from 107 to 1707 ng/g-dw. Sedimentary PAH concentrations of the Huangpu River were higher than those of the Yangtze Estuary. The concentration of the Suzhou River was close to the average concentration of the Huangpu River. PAHs source analysis suggested that, in the Yangtze Estuary, PAHs at locations far away from cities were mainly from petrogenic sources. At other locations, both petrogenic and pyrogenic inputs were significant. In the Huangpu and Suzhou Rivers, pyrogenic input outweighed other sources. The pyrogenic PAHs in the upper reaches of the Huangpu River were mainly from the incomplete combustion of grass, wood and coal, and those in the middle and lower reaches were from vehicle and vessel exhaust.

Kinetics of municipal sewage degradation in EGSB and UASB reactors at 10℃ / 药物分析学报

Kinetics of municipal sewage degradation in Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) and Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors at 10℃ were investigated via continuous experimental equipments. The results indicated that the whole reaction process can be simulated by the first-order dynamic equation model. Dynamic parameters such as k, Vmax and Ks of UASB in hydrolysis acidification stage were 1.08 d-1, 2.8 d-1 and 372 mg/L comparing to those of 1.18 d-1, 3.5 d-1 and 112 mg/L in the methanogenesis stage respectively. The EGSB's k, Vmax and Ks were 2.91 d-1, 14.3 d-1 and 470 mg/L in the hydrolysis acidification stage comparing to those of 1.68 d-1, 6.6 d-1 and 103 mg/L in the methanogenesis stage respectively. Comparison of k values of the two stages in UASB and EGSB indicates that hydrolysis acidification stage is the controlling step for the whole reaction process of UASB, while methanogenesis stage is the controlling step in EGSB. Compared with UASB, municipal sewage treatment by EGSB at 10 ℃ can reach the same effluent requirement with lower retention time due to its effluent recirculation.

Conductometric nitrate biosensor based on methyl viologen/Nafion/nitrate reductase interdigitated electrodes.

A highly sensitive, fast and stable conductometric enzyme biosensor for determination of nitrate in water is reported for the first time. The biosensor electrodes were modified by methyl viologen mediator mixed with nitrate reductase (NR) from Aspergillus niger by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde in the presence of bovine serum albumin and Nafion((R)) cation-exchange polymer. The process parameters for the fabrication of the enzyme electrode and various experimental variables such as pH, the enzyme loading and time of immobilization in glutaralaldehyde vapor were investigated with regard to their influence on sensitivity, limit of detection, dynamic range and operational and storage stability. The biosensor can reach 95% of steady-state conductance value in about 15s. Linear calibration in the range of 0.02 and 0.25 mM with detection limits of 0.005 mM nitrate was obtained with a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. When stored in 5 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.5) at 4 degrees C, the sensor showed good stability over 2 weeks.