Micro/nano topological modification of TiO2 nanotubes activates Thy-1 signaling to control osteogenic differentiation of stem cells.

Micro/nano topological modification is critical for improving the in vivo behaviors of bone implants, regulating multiple cellular functions. Titania (TiO2) nanotubes show the capacity of promoting osteoblast-related cell differentiation and induce effective osseointegration, serving as a model material for studying the effects of micro/nano-topological modifications on cells. However, the intracellular signaling pathways by which TiO2 nanotubes regulate the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells are not fully defined. Thy-1 (CD90), a cell surface glycoprotein anchored by glycosylphosphatidylinositol, has been considered a key molecule in osteoblast differentiation in recent years. Nevertheless, whether the micro/nano topology of the implant surface leads to changes in Thy-1 is unknown, as well as whether these changes promote osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Here, TiO2 nanotubes of various diameters were prepared by adjusting the anodizing voltage. qPCR and immunoblot were carried out to assess the mechanism by which TiO2 nanotubes regulate Thy-1. The results revealed Ti plates harboring TiO2 nanotubes ∼100-nm diameter (TNT-100) markedly upregulated Thy-1. Subsequently, upregulated Thy-1 promoted the activation of Fyn/RhoA/MLC Ⅱ/F-actin axis, which enhanced the nuclear translocation of YAP. After Thy-1 knockdown by siRNA, the Fyn/RhoA/MLC Ⅱ/F-actin axis was significantly inhibited and TiO2 nanotubes showed decreased effects on osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, Thy-1 upregulation might be a major mechanism by which micro/nano-topological modification of TiO2 nanotubes promotes osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanism of TiO2 nanotubes, which may help design improved bone implants for clinical application.

Correlation between spatial inclination of Blumensaat line and anterior cruciate ligament injury based on EOS biplanar 3D imaging system / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore correlation between femoral mechanical axis and Blumensaat line (FMBL) angle of knee joint (angle between Blumensaat line and femoral mechanical axis), α angle (angle between Blumensaat line and axis of distal femur in sagittal plane) on EOS biplane imaging and non-contact anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) injury, and evaluate angle for its accuracy in predicting the populations prone to non-contact ACL injury.@*METHODS@#From February 2018 to October 2020, EOS imaging and clinical data from 88 patients (176 knees) with unilateral non-contact ACL injury were retrospectively analyzed, including 53 males and 35 females, aged from 18 to 45 years old with an average of (30.3±6.2) years old, 48 patients on the left side and 40 patients on the right side. The patients were divided into ACL-affected group and ACL-health group according to side of ACL injuries, and 51 patients (51 knees) with non-ACL identified from EOS database were included in normal control group, including 28 males and 23 females, aged from 20 to 44 years old with an average of (31.6±5.5) years old, 26 patients on the left side and 25 patients on the right side. Full-length EOS imaging of skeleton extremitatis inferioris among three groups were reconstructed to 3D images of skeletal system with EOS software, and then FMBL angle and α angle were measured on the images. Univariate binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the influence of the univariate(FMBL angle or α angle) on ACL status(normal or torn). And the angle cutoff value for univariate was selected based on receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) to got the best accuracy.@*RESULTS@#There was no statistically significant difference in age, gender and side distribution between ACL-injured group and normal control group(P>0.05). Statistical analyses (one-way ANOVA) indicated no significant difference in FMBL angle between ACL-injured knee group (32.8±2.3)° and ACL-injured contralateral knee group(32.5±2.3)°(P>0.05), but the values between two groups were significantly lower than that in normal control group (37.0±2.0)°(P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in α angle among three groups (P>0.05). Univariate binary Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that FMBL angle was risk factor for non-contact ACL injury[OR=0.433, 95%CI(0.330, 0.569), P<0.001]. The area under ROC curve for FMBL angle was 0.909[95%CI(0.861, 0.958), P<0.001], and the sensitivity and specificity were 70.5% and 98.0% respectively, cut-off value was 33.7°.@*CONCLUSION@#FMBL angle formed by Blumensaat line and femoral mechanical axis is one of the risk factors for non-contact ACL injury and has good predictive accuracy. The general population with FMBL angle below 33.7° may be increased risk for ACL injury.

AENEAS: A Randomized Phase III Trial of Aumolertinib Versus Gefitinib as First-Line Therapy for Locally Advanced or MetastaticNon-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With EGFR Exon 19 Deletion or L858R Mutations.

PURPOSE: Aumolertinib (formerly almonertinib; HS-10296) is a novel third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved in China. This double-blind phase III trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of aumolertinib compared with gefitinib as a first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03849768). METHODS: Patients at 53 sites in China were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive either aumolertinib (110 mg) or gefitinib (250 mg) once daily. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) per investigator assessment. RESULTS: A total of 429 patients who were naïve to treatment for locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC were enrolled. PFS was significantly longer with aumolertinib compared with gefitinib (hazard ratio, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.60; P < .0001). The median PFS with aumolertinib was 19.3 months (95% CI, 17.8 to 20.8) versus 9.9 months with gefitinib (95% CI, 8.3 to 12.6). Objective response rate and disease control rate were similar in the aumolertinib and gefitinib groups (objective response rate, 73.8% and 72.1%, respectively; disease control rate, 93.0% and 96.7%, respectively). The median duration of response was 18.1 months (95% CI, 15.2 to not applicable) with aumolertinib versus 8.3 months (95% CI, 6.9 to 11.1) with gefitinib. Adverse events of grade ≥ 3 severity (any cause) were observed in 36.4% and 35.8% of patients in the aumolertinib and gefitinib groups, respectively. Rash and diarrhea (any grade) were observed in 23.4% and 16.4% of patients who received aumolertinib compared with 41.4% and 35.8% of those who received gefitinib, respectively. CONCLUSION: Aumolertinib is a well-tolerated third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that could serve as a treatment option for EGFR-mutant NSCLC in the first-line setting.

Variation of occipital protuberance and occipital bunning of Holocene Chinese population / 解剖学报

Objective To analyze the characteristics and variation of occipital protuberance and occipital bunning of Chinese Holocene population. Methods Based on 275 adult male skulls, Neolithic Age ( 49 cases ), Bronze and Iron Age (171 cases) and modern (55 cases), the occipital protuberance and occipital bunning were divided into several categories, and the occurrence rates were analyzed and compared among different time periods. Results The characteristics and variation of occipital protuberance and occipital bunning were also different in different ages. The degree of the occipital protuberance was more and more significant with the age, which changed greatly from Neolithic Age to Bronze and Iron Age. In the Holocene, most people did not appear occipital bunning on the skull, but the relatively significant occipital bunning appeared in the Bronze and Iron Age. Conclusion The variation of occipital protuberance may be related to the change of skull size and overuse of trapezius muscle in Holocene. The occipital bunning appearance may reflect the relative development speed of the brain and skull to some extent.

Glycyrrhizic acid: a potential drug against COVID-19 / 药学学报

Pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 has seriously threatened human life and health worldwide and caused a large number of deaths. Viral infection and acute inflammation are important causes of death, so it is particularly important to combine antiviral therapy with anti-inflammatory therapy. Glycyrrhizic acid, the main component of the glycyrrhizic root extract, has a wide range of pharmacological effects as well as high efficiency and low toxicity, its preparation has been widely used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis and other diseases. Glycyrrhizic acid can regulate the expression and release of a variety of cytokines and play a significant anti-inflammatory effect. At the same time, glycyrrhizic acid also showed significant inhibition towards a variety types of viruses. Therefore, the potential application of glycyrrhizic acid as COVID-19 treatment should be explored.

Survey on the first-aid capability of primary general practitioners in southern Zhejiang province / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To survey the first-aid ability of general practitioners (GPs) and the emergency service capacity of primary health institutions in southern Zhejiang province.Methods:The questionnaire of first-aid ability of GPs in primary care institution was developed on the basis of the Delphi method during August to October 2018. The questionnaire was employed in a survey on the first-aid ability among 480 GPs from 169 community health service centers of three regions in southern Zhejiang province. The survey covered basic information and first-aid skills and emergency response ability of GPs, and the emergency facilities of primary health institutions.Results:A total of 480 questionnaires were distributed and 447 were retrieved with an recovery rate of 93. 1%(447/480). Among the 447 responders, 55.9% (250/447) were males, 70.9% (317/447) had bachelor′s degree or above, and 60.2% (269/447) had middle and senior professional titles. There were 99.6% (445/447), 86.6% (387/447), 76.1% (340/447) and 69.8% (312/447) responders considered cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR), electrical defibrillation, respiratory balloon and endotracheal intubation as important first-aid skills, and corresponding mastery rates were 84.3% (377/447), 32.0% (143/447), 55.2% (247/447) and 12.9% (58/447), respectively. The 92.4% (413/447) responders thought that the rescue ability of common emergency and critical illness was the most important, while only 32.4% (145/447) responders mastered it. Least responders [41.4%(185/447)] thought that ability of using bedside ultrasound was important, and the corresponding mastery rate was only 3.8%(17/447); 77.4%(346/447) of general practitioners believed that CPR machines was important, while the available rate of CPR machines in primary health care institutions was only 16.0%(27/169).Conclusion:The GPs in southern Zhejiang province have a good grasp of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills, but have a low mastery rate of first-aid skills such as electrical defibrillation, tracheal intubation, and emergency rescue capabilities, which are quite different from their perceived importance evaluation.

Development and Validation of a Diagnostic Nomogram to Predict COVID-19 Pneumonia

BackgroundThe COVID-19 virus is an emerging virus rapidly spread worldwide This study aimed to establish an effective diagnostic nomogram for suspected COVID-19 pneumonia patients. METHODSWe used the LASSO aggression and multivariable logistic regression methods to explore the predictive factors associated with COVID-19 pneumonia, and established the diagnostic nomogram for COVID-19 pneumonia using multivariable regression. This diagnostic nomogram was assessed by the internal and external validation data set. Further, we plotted decision curves and clinical impact curve to evaluate the clinical usefulness of this diagnostic nomogram. RESULTSThe predictive factors including the epidemiological history, wedge- shaped or fan-shaped lesion parallel to or near the pleura, bilateral lower lobes, ground glass opacities, crazy paving pattern and white blood cell (WBC) count were contained in the nomogram. In the primary cohort, the C-statistic for predicting the probability of the COVID-19 pneumonia was 0.967, even higher than the C-statistic (0.961) in initial viral nucleic acid nomogram which was established using the univariable regression. The C-statistic was 0.848 in external validation cohort. Good calibration curves were observed for the prediction probability in the internal validation and external validation cohort. The nomogram both performed well in terms of discrimination and calibration. Moreover, decision curve and clinical impact curve were also beneficial for COVID- 19 pneumonia patients. CONCLUSIONOur nomogram can be used to predict COVID-19 pneumonia accurately and favourably.

Small molecule proteomics quantifies differences between normal and fibrotic pulmonary extracellular matrices / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Pulmonary fibrosis is a respiratory disease caused by the proliferation of fibroblasts and accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). It is known that the lung ECM is mainly composed of a three-dimensional fiber mesh filled with various high-molecular-weight proteins. However, the small-molecular-weight proteins in the lung ECM and their differences between normal and fibrotic lung ECM are largely unknown.@*METHODS@#Healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus) weighing about 150 to 200 g were randomly divided into three groups using random number table: A, B, and C and each group contained five rats. The rats in Group A were administered a single intragastric (i.g.) dose of 500 μL of saline as control, and those in Groups B and C were administered a single i.g. dose of paraquat (PQ) dissolved in 500 μL of saline (20 mg/kg). After 2 weeks, the lungs of rats in Group B were harvested for histological observation, preparation of de-cellularized lung scaffolds, and proteomic analysis for small-molecular-weight proteins, and similar procedures were performed on Group C and A after 4 weeks. The differentially expressed small-molecular-weight proteins (DESMPs) between different groups and the subcellular locations were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Of the 1626 small-molecular-weight proteins identified, 1047 were quantifiable. There were 97 up-regulated and 45 down-regulated proteins in B vs. A, 274 up-regulated and 31 down-regulated proteins in C vs. A, and 237 up-regulated and 28 down-regulated proteins identified in C vs. B. Both the up-regulated and down-regulated proteins in the three comparisons were mainly distributed in single-organism processes and cellular processes within biological process, cell and organelle within cellular component, and binding within molecular function. Further, more up-regulated than down-regulated proteins were identified in most sub-cellular locations. The interactions of DESMPs identified in extracellular location in all comparisons showed that serum albumin (Alb) harbored the highest degree of node (25), followed by prolyl 4-hydroxylase beta polypeptide (12), integrin β1 (10), apolipoprotein A1 (9), and fibrinogen gamma chain (9).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Numerous PQ-induced DESMPs were identified in de-cellularized lungs of rats by high throughput proteomics analysis. The DESMPs between the control and treatment groups showed diversity in molecular functions, biological processes, and pathways. In addition, the interactions of extracellular DESMPs suggested that the extracellular proteins Alb, Itgb1, Apoa1, P4hb, and Fgg in ECM could be potentially used as biomarker candidates for pulmonary fibrosis. These results provided useful information and new insights regarding pulmonary fibrosis.

Preparation and identification of thyroid gland decellularized biologic scaffold / 解剖学报

Objective: To prepare thyroid gland decullularized biologic scaffolds by soaking with rotating and to assess the decullularized scaffolds. Methods: According to random number table method, twenty New Zealand white rabbits were divided into control group and decullularized group, 10 cases in each group. The thyroid glands in decullularized group were immersed in 1% SDS and rotated at 37°C for 24 hours. All thyroid gland decullularized scaffolds were rotated in deionized water to wipe off the decullularized reagent and residual DNA. HE staining, DNA concentration examination, electron microscope analysis and immunofluorescence technique were performed to indentify the characteristics of decullularized scaffolds. Results: Compared to control group, the DNA concentration in the decellularized scaffold decrease significantly (P<0.01), the removal rate of DNA exceeded 90%; there were no visible cell nuclei remained, the 3D space structure and the protein components preserved well. Conclusion: Soaking and rotating method can effectively wipe off the cellular components from the thyroid gland tissue, and preserve the extracellular matrix and three-dimensional structure.

Research progress in the characterization of protein adsorption on biomaterial surface / 国际生物医学工程杂志

The characterization methods in the field of protein adsorption on biological materials in recent years were reviewed from the aspects of protein adsorption amount, adsorption layer thickness, molecular conformational change after protein adsorption, molecular morphology after protein adsorption, and protein molecule adsorption process simulation. These methods include biochemical analysis, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), dissipative quartz crystal microbalance ( QCM-D ) , ellipsometry ( ELM ) , optical interference reflection ( RIFS ) , attenuated total reflection Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), circular dichroism (CD), atomic force microscopy ( AFM ) and computer molecular simulation techniques . In this paper , the basic principles , the advantages and disadvantages of the above characterization methods and related researches were reviewed. This paper provides a comprehensive and reliable basis for the selection of protein experimental characterization methods in protein adsorption, biomaterial design and other research, and provides new ideas for research in the field of protein.

Current status of professional value and influencing factors among health workers in grass-roots medical institutions in Wenzhou city / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective To survey the current status of professional value among health workers in grass-roots medical institutions of Wenzhou city and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods A survey on professional value was conducted from October to December 2017 among health workers from 14 primary medical institutions in 4 urban districts of Wenzhou City selected by stratified random sampling method.The self-designed questionnaires were used for the survey.A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed and 331 were returned,of which 302 were valid.The status and influencing factors of professional value were analyzed.Results The overall score of professional value was (96.66 ± 14.94).The univariate analysis showed that the professional value scores were associated with educational level (F=3.851),income(F=2.660),professional title(F=8.030),position(F=11.658) and specialty (F=4.667) of the health workers(all P＜0.05).The multivariate analysis showed that the gender(male:OR=0.53,95％ CI:-1.077--0.192,P=0.005),educational level (high school and below:OR=3.06,95％ CI:0.007-2.233,P=0.049),income (2 000-4 000 Yuan:OR=0.07,95％ CI:-4.783-0.627,P=0.011),professional title (no title:OR=0.27,95％CI:-2.397--0.232,P=0.017;Junior title:OR=0.31,95％CI:-2.197--0.153),P--0.024;intermediate title:OR=0.23,95％ CI:-2.533--0.366,P--0.009),position (doctor:OR=0.13,95％ CI:-3.235--0.815,P=0.001;nurse:OR=0.20,95％ CI:-2.883--0.368,P=0.011;technician:OR=0.15,95％ CI:-3.076--0.723,P=0.002)were influencing factors of professional value(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The professional values among health workers in Wenzhou grass-roots medical institutions are relatively low.The male gender,low educational level,low income,low professional title or no title and positions are influencing factors of professional value.

AKT/mTOR/STATs signaling pathway regulates various immune cells that mediate MS / 医学研究生学报

AKT/mTOR/STATs signaling pathway not only plays an important role in tumor growth, but also in the regulation of immune system. Activated AKT promotes the activation of downstream signaling pathways mTORC1 and mTORC2 through phosphorylation. mTOR is currently being considered as an important regulator of immune system and plays an important role in regulating the function and metabolism of various immune cells. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune deficiency disease whose pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. This article focuses on the regulation of AKT/mTOR/STATs signaling pathways in various immune cells such as macrophage M1/M2 polarization, B cell proliferation and differentiation, helper T lymphocyte (Th cell) proliferation and differentiation, and Treg cell proliferation and differentiation, which would be helpful to illustrate the role of the AKT/mTOR/STATs signaling pathway in mediating the regulation of immune cells in MS.

Effect of pelvic rotation on the placement angle of acetabular prosthesis in total hip arthroplasty / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effect of pelvic rotation in three-dimensional direction on the actual placement angle of acetabular prosthesis in total hip arthroplasty.@*METHODS@#Pelvic CT imaging data of normal adults were collected, and three-dimensional reconstruction of pelvic acetabulum was performed with computer software to simulate the rotation of the pelvis around X, Y and Z axes perpendicular to the sagittal, transverse and coronal planes of the human body. Radiographic inclination(RI) and radiographic anteversion (RA) of the acetabular cup were measured when the acetabular prosthesis was implanted at a standard angle. The correlation analysis was used to quantify the relationship between the rotation angle of each axis and the actual angle of acetabulum.@*RESULTS@#The pelvic rotation along the X-axis and Y-axis had little effect on the RA of the acetabulum, but had a great influence on the RI and showed a linear correlation. The regression equations were RA=0.682 4X+10.256(²=0.308 4) and RA=-0.714 1Y+10.424(²=0.999 8). The pelvic rotation along the Z-axis had little effect on the RA, but had a linear correlation with the RI, and the regression equation was RI=1.0Z+46(²=1.0).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The anteroposterior rotation of the pelvis or the longitudinal rotation along the body significantly affected the acetabular anteversion, but had little effect on the abduction angle. On the contrary, the left and right deviation of the pelvis on the coronal plane could significantly affect the acetabular anteversion angle, but did not affect its anteversion angle.

Introduction of EOS imaging system and its current research status in evaluating clinical value of lower limb force line / 中国骨伤

The principle and technical background of EOS imaging system are introduced. Combining with the publicity of this technology and the existing literature reports, it is known that low dose EOS technology can reduce radiation dose by 5 to 10 times in the course of examination, and micro dose EOS can even reduce radiation dose by 45 times. The image quality is only high or low; the system has EOS 2D and 3D workstations, which can help clinicians to measure and evaluate coronal and sagittal force lines of lower limbs easily. The tilt and torsion of limbs can be measured three-dimensional after three-dimensional model reconstruction in the three-dimensional workstation. Using these results, preoperative evaluation can be carried out. It is helpful for clinicians to evaluate and improve preoperative planning and post-operative measurement and evaluation of surgical effect. In terms of measurement accuracy, a large number of literatures reported that the accuracy of EOS 2D measurement is comparable to that of general radiology measurement, while the accuracy of EOS 3D reconstruction measurement is comparable to that of CT and MRI. Based on the technical characteristics and advantages of EOS, this paper reviews the literature reports and research progress of EOS in evaluating the accuracy of lower limb alignment.

Colonization of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 In Mice Intestinal Tract / 肠外与肠内营养

Objective:Effect of gut microbiota on human health has become a hotspot in recent years with the emergence of new microbial technology.B.bifidum is a traditional probiotics and has been widely used in food and medicine.But the metabolism and function of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 has not been well documented.To investigate colonization and growth of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 in mice intestine,fecal B.bifidum concentrations were analyzed by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.Methods:Female C57BL/6 mice were orally gavaged with eigher a single dose of 1 × 109 CFU B.bifidum ATCC 29521 or continuous doses of 1 × 109/day for 3 weeks.Feces were collected at 0,2,4,6,8,10,12,16,20,24 h and at 10,7,14,21,24,28 d,respectively.Total DNA was isolated from the feces using the Qiagen DNA stool extraction kit according to the manufacturer's instructions.The linear standard curve was established by each dilution degrees of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 and their corresponding CT values.The curve equation was y =0.1835x + 9.0628 and R2 was 0.9994.The concentration of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 in mice feces were calculated by substituted CT values obtained by RT-PCR into the curve equation.Results:The curves of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 concentration rose at first and then reduced gradually.In single dose group,the concentration of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 began to increase at 4h after oral gavage,reaching its peak 6.0 × 107 CFU/g at 10h and then decreased gradually.The biggest drop occurred at the period between 12 h and 16 h after B.bifidum treatment.In successive administration group,the concentration rose at the highest rate in the first week when it achieved 2.0 × 107CFU/g and kept on inceasing to 1.0 × 108CFU/g in the next week.However,the concentration did not rose up significantly in the third week.It means that the concentration of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 in mice intestine reached platform in the second week after oral gavage.The concentration of B.bifidum ATCC 29521 significantly decreased at 24h and one week after B.bifidum treatment course in two group repectively and was still higher than baseline before oral gavage.Conclusion:Once the B.bifidum ATCC 29521 supplement was discontinued,the concentration fell down in short time.B.bifidum ATCC 29521 could not sustain colonization and growth in mice intestine without external supplement.It is necessary to provide daily supplemention for at least two weeks and to keep on in order to maintain sufficient concentration.

The ratio between descending aorta and ascending aorta diameter for rapid diagnosis of Stanford type B aortic dissection / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To investigate the significance of diameter measurement in descending aorta and ascending aorta as predictors of Stanford B type aortic dissection.Methods A total of 156 patients with chest pain and 100 healthy volunteers as control were enrolled in this study.The descending aorta diameter (dDA) and ascending aorta diameter (dAA) were measured by computed tomography (CT) and CT angiography(CTA),and the ratio of dDA to dAA or to rDA(radius of descending aorta) was calculated.Various metrics were analyzed for their specificity and sensitivity as screening measurements for Stanford B type aortic dissection.Results Fifty-six cases were diagnosed with Stanford B type aortic dissection by CTA with significant increases in dDA and rDA compared with control group(P＜0.05).When dDA was ≥ 30 mm,the sensitivity was 94.6％ and specificity was 82.0％ for Stanford B type aortic dissection,and when the rDA was ≥ 0.8,sensitivity and specificity were 96.4％ and 91.0％,respectively.Conclusions The dDA ≥ 30 mm and rDA ≥ 0.8 may be used to predict Stanford B type aortic dissection in suspected patients with chest pain,and the latter is more accurate than the former.

Mechanical Reinforcement Strategy of Calcium Phosphate Cements by Loading Polymers / 中国医疗器械杂志

Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is well known for the excellent bioactivity and biocompatibility, however, CPC has been used only for the repair of non-load bearing bone defects due to its brittle nature and low flexural strength. Polymer reinforced CPC has been considered as one of the most effective strategies for mechanical reinforcement. This paper summarizes various kinds of polymers loaded CPC:fiber reinforcement, microsphere reinforcement and dual setting cements. It is aimed to analyze the advantages, disadvantages and principles of the polymers reinforced CPC, and so as to lay a foundation for the further research of improving and manufacturing the CPC with ideal mechanical properties.

Multilevel finite element analysis on the biological tribology damage of water on bone tissue / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Many studies reported the relationship of the mechanical properties and water content about bone tissue, which is one of organizations containing the lowest water content on human body. Researches on effect of water on biological tribology behavior of bone tissue have been rarely reported and are the experimental study generally. OBJECTIVE:To explore the influence and the damage mechanism of water on biological tribology behavior of bone tissue, by comparing multiscale numerical model established with the experiment. METHODS:Dehydration of the bone tissue was studied by nanoindentation test and both reciprocating sliding and impact wear tests. A multi-scale finite element model was constructed under a flat-on-ball configuration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The viscoelasticity and the tribological properties of bone tissue significantly decreased as well as the different wear mechanisms under applied loading after drying. The analytical results indicated that there were high stress condition, which incurred the micro-crack initiation and the appearance of peeling and wear, around the Haversian canal, circumferential lamellas and the interstitial tissues. Meso-scale:dehydration weakened the function of absorption and interruption of stress, which facilitated crack extension in pore. Micro-scale:the high stress gradient of structure of canaliculi and lacunae is an important cause of tissue damage.

Combination of serum tumor markers dickkopf-1, DCP and AFP for the diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the detection accuracy of the biomarkers dickkopf-1, DCP and AFP as a serum biomarker panel by comparing the sensitivity of the panel with those of the individual biomarkers.@*METHODS@#The study was composed of three groups, one with HCC patients, one with non-HCC liver diseases and one with healthy controls. Serum AFP was measured using a chemiluminescence assay and serum dickkopf-1 and DCP were measured with ELISA. The sensitivity and specificity of the biomarkers were analyzed as single parameters and as a serum panel.@*RESULTS@#The HCC group showed higher levels of dickkopf-1, DCP and AFP than the other two groups (P  0.05). The combination of the biomarkers as a serum panel produced much better sensitivity (93.02%) and specificity (78.00%) than each of the markers individually (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The combination of AFP, DCP and dickkopf-1 as a biomarker panel can significantly improve the detection power with much higher sensitivity and specificity for HCC than any of the biomarkers alone. The tests are convenient and inexpensive, and may serve as a valuable addition to current options for the diagnosis of HCC.

Combination of serum tumor markers dickkopf-1, DCP and AFP for the diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective To evaluate the detection accuracy of the biomarkers dickkopf-1, DCP and AFP as a serum biomarker panel by comparing the sensitivity of the panel with those of the individual biomarkers. Methods The study was composed of three groups, one with HCC patients, one with non-HCC liver diseases and one with healthy controls. Serum AFP was measured using a chemiluminescence assay and serum dickkopf-1 and DCP were measured with ELISA. The sensitivity and specificity of the biomarkers were analyzed as single parameters and as a serum panel. Results The HCC group showed higher levels of dickkopf-1, DCP and AFP than the other two groups (P 0.05). The combination of the biomarkers as a serum panel produced much better sensitivity (93.02%) and specificity (78.00%) than each of the markers individually (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of AFP, DCP and dickkopf-1 as a biomarker panel can significantly improve the detection power with much higher sensitivity and specificity for HCC than any of the biomarkers alone. The tests are convenient and inexpensive, and may serve as a valuable addition to current options for the diagnosis of HCC.