Medial Canthal Tendon Reflecting in Lower Eyelid Reconstruction After Palpebral Cancer Surgery: Description of a New Technique.

PURPOSE: The aim of this article is to describe a new reconstructive technique of the lower eyelid in the surgery of tumors involving the medial canthal tendon. METHODS: Our new technique consists of detaching and reflecting the most medial portion of the anterior medial canthal tendon and reinserting it into the posterior lamella. We describe the cases in which our technique can be useful, as well as the results we have obtained. RESULTS: The result after a year of follow-up showed no disruption of the angulation of the lower eyelid line and no changes in eyelid position. CONCLUSIONS: The medial canthal tendon reflection could provide both aesthetic and functional results that may be superior to the usual techniques.

The Purposes of Intellectual Assessment in Early Childhood Education: An Analysis of Chilean Regulations.

The main purpose of intellectual assessment in early childhood education is the early detection of intellectual disabilities. In Chile, the recent school integration policy has incorporated assessment purposes oriented toward educational improvement, but it is not known how these purposes interact with each other. This study aimed to analyze the purposes of intellectual assessment present in the current Chilean educational policy in early childhood education. A systematic review of ministerial documents and a subsequent qualitative content analysis of official documents published between 1998 and 2022 were carried out. The results revealed that the purposes of intellectual assessment for educational policy are multiple, highlighting the provision eligibility, diagnosis, student monitoring and support, in addition to formative and curricular adjustment purposes. It is discussed how this multiplicity of purposes is congruent with the current regulations governing intellectual assessment procedures in early childhood education. It is concluded that there is a need to update the legislation that regulates intellectual assessment to be consistent with the new assessment proposals in the country.

Microbiome composition and autochthonous probiotics from contrasting probiosis/dysbiosis states in cobia (Rachycentron canadum) fish epitheliocystis.

Microbiome components and bacterial isolates related to healthy and epitheliocystis states in aquaculture cycles of cobia fish were studied. We detected well-defined 16S rRNA amplicon gene sequence variants showing differential abundance in healthy or diseased cycles. Isolation trials were performed, and experimental tests were used to determine probiotic potential of the bacterial strains obtained from water, tissues or live food used in this aquaculture model. The taxonomic affiliation of these strains was cross-compared against microbiome components, finding that some of them had close or identical affiliation to the abundant types found in healthy cycles. Strains belonging to the groups already identified as predominant by culture-independent means were screened as potential probiotics based on desirable activities such as antagonism and antibiosis against marine pathogenic bacteria, quorum quenching, bile acid resistance, antibiotic sensitivity and enzymatic activities for improved nutrient digestion. We have also found that in the tracking of microbiome composition across different developmental stages of cobia, healthy cycles exhibited a consistent high relative abundance of a Mesobacillus sp., while in the diseased cycle the emergence of a Vibrio sp. was observed. Our study suggests that epithelocystis in cobia is associated with a displacement of a symbiotic microbiome community linked to the increase frequency of Vibrio species.

Ideologías curriculares y concepciones sobre diversidad y justicia social / Ideologias curriculares e concepções sobre diversidade e justiça social / Idéologies curriculaires et conceptions de la diversité et de la justice sociale / Curriculum ideologies and conceptions of diversity and social justice

Resumen El estudio buscó identificar las ideologías curriculares de futuros profesores y su vínculo con concepciones sobre diversidad y justicia social. Los datos se obtuvieron de la aplicación del inventario de ideologías curriculares a 231 participantes y entrevistas semiestructuradas a una muestra intencionada del total en una universidad chilena. Los resultados muestran que predomina la ideología Centrada en el Aprendizaje y que una proporción importante muestra eclecticismo ideológico. A pesar del foco en el aprendizaje, algunos defienden argumentos academicistas y eficientistas. Es gradual la relación entre ideologías y concepciones sobre diversidad y justicia, desde una marcada coherencia hasta ausencia de dicha relación. Finalmente, se discuten implicancias para la investigación y la formación inicial docente.

Resumo O estudo se propôs a identificar as ideologias curriculares de futuros professores e seu vínculo com concepções sobre diversidade e justiça social. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da aplicação da lista de ideologias curriculares a 231 participantes e de entrevistas semiestruturadas a uma mostra selecionada de universitários chilenos. Os resultados demonstram o predomínio da ideologia Centrada na Aprendizagem e uma proporção importante mostra ecletismo ideológico. Apesar do foco na aprendizagem, alguns defendem argumentos acadêmicos e eficientistas. Há uma relação gradual entre ideologias e concepções sobre diversidade e justiça, de uma coerência marcante até a ausência de tal relação. Finalmente, são discutidas implicações para a pesquisa e a formação inicial docente.

Résumé Cette étude vise à identifier les idéologies curriculaires de futurs enseignants et leur rapport avec les conceptions de la diversité et de la justice sociale. Les données ont été obtenues en soumettant la liste des idéologies curriculaires à 231 participants et à travers des entrevues semi-structurées auprès d'un échantillon sélectionné d'étudiants universitaires chiliens. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que l'idéologie centrée sur l'apprentissage est prédominante et que l'éclectisme idéologique est aussi présent en grande proportion. Malgré l'accent mis sur l'apprentissage, quelques uns soutiennent des arguments académiques et efficientistes. Il existe une relation progressive entre les idéologies et les conceptions de la diversité et de la justice, allant d'une cohérence remarquable jusqu'à l'absence de relation. Les implications de ces résultats pour la recherche et la formation initiale des enseignants sont discutées en conclusion.

Abstract In this study, we aimed to identify the curriculum ideologies of preservice teachers and the relationship between those and their conceptions of diversity and social justice. Data were obtained from the application of the inventory of curriculum ideologies to 231 participants and semi-structured interviews to a purposeful sample of participants in a Chilean university. Results showed that the Learner Centered Ideology was predominant and that a significant number of participants showed ideological eclecticism. Despite the focus on learning, some defend Scholar Academic and Social Efficiency arguments. Moreover, there is a gradual relationship between ideologies and conceptions of diversity and justice, varying from a marked coherence to total absence of relationship. Finally, implications for research and initial teacher education are discussed.

Serosurvey of Rickettsia spp. in cats from a Brazilian spotted fever-endemic area / Soroprevalência de Rickettsia spp. em gatos de uma área endêmica para a Febre Maculosa Brasileira

Abstract Rickettsia spp. bacteria are responsible for tick-borne diseases worldwide, mostly maintained by rickettsial amplifiers capybaras in Brazilian endemic areas. The campus of the University of São Paulo, in southeastern Brazil, is an area endemic for Brazilian spotted fever (BSF), with high density of capybaras and Amblyomma spp., along with confirmed human cases. Besides capybaras, the university has also an in-campus high population of sheltered and free-roaming cats. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics associated with Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia parkeri and Rickettsia felis exposure among cats in a BSF-endemic area. Out of 51 cats sampled, 23/35 shelter (65.7%) and 5/16 free-roaming (31.2%) were positive (titers ≥ 64) for at least one Rickettsia species. Ticks species were present in 3/16 free-roaming cats (18.8%), consisting of Amblyomma spp., nymphs of Amblyomma sculptum and adult Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato. Despite sharing the capybaras environment, the seropositivity among the free-roaming and shelter cats was lower than owned cats in other endemic areas. Whether equally or less exposed to rickettsial infection, compared with owned cats in endemic areas, free-roaming and shelter cats may be used as environmental sentinels for human exposure to rickettsiae in such areas.

Resumo Espécies de Rickettsia têm sido responsáveis por doenças transmitidas por carrapatos no mundo, a maioria mantida por hospedeiros amplificadores, como as capivaras em áreas endêmicas no Brasil. A Universidade de São Paulo, em Piracicaba, no sudeste do Brasil, é uma área endêmica para a Febre Maculosa Brasileira (FMB), com alta densidade de capivaras e Amblyomma spp., e com casos humanos confirmados. Além de capivaras, a universidade também possui gatos em um abrigo e de vida livre. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência e as características associadas com exposição à Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia parkeri e Rickettsia felis em gatos de área endêmica para a FMB. Dos 51 gatos amostrados, 23/35 (65,7%) do abrigo e 5/16 (31,2%) de vida livre foram positivos (títulos ≥ 64) para pelo menos uma Rickettsia spp. Carrapatos estiveram presentes em 3/16 (18,8%) gatos de vida livre, representados por Amblyomma spp., ninfas de Amblyomma sculptum e adultos de Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato. Apesar de compartilharem o ambiente com capivaras, os gatos amostrados foram igualmente ou menos expostos à infecção riquetsial do que os gatos com proprietário em outras áreas endêmicas, podendo ser usados como sentinelas para exposição humana à riquétsias nessas áreas.

Serosurvey of Rickettsia spp. in cats from a Brazilian spotted fever-endemic area.

Rickettsia spp. bacteria are responsible for tick-borne diseases worldwide, mostly maintained by rickettsial amplifiers capybaras in Brazilian endemic areas. The campus of the University of São Paulo, in southeastern Brazil, is an area endemic for Brazilian spotted fever (BSF), with high density of capybaras and Amblyomma spp., along with confirmed human cases. Besides capybaras, the university has also an in-campus high population of sheltered and free-roaming cats. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics associated with Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia parkeri and Rickettsia felis exposure among cats in a BSF-endemic area. Out of 51 cats sampled, 23/35 shelter (65.7%) and 5/16 free-roaming (31.2%) were positive (titers ≥ 64) for at least one Rickettsia species. Ticks species were present in 3/16 free-roaming cats (18.8%), consisting of Amblyomma spp., nymphs of Amblyomma sculptum and adult Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato. Despite sharing the capybaras environment, the seropositivity among the free-roaming and shelter cats was lower than owned cats in other endemic areas. Whether equally or less exposed to rickettsial infection, compared with owned cats in endemic areas, free-roaming and shelter cats may be used as environmental sentinels for human exposure to rickettsiae in such areas.

Revisión bibliográfica: utilidad clínica de las células madre / Book review: clinical usefulness of stem cells

La sangre de cordón umbilical, SCU, es una de las fuentes más codiciadas para la obtención de células madre, CM, por la presencia de poblaciones de células embrionarias pluripotenciales. En SCU se ha encontrado CM capaces de originar diferentes tipos de células, como osteoblastos, condrocitos, miositos, adipositos, neuronas y células B. La SCU posee mayor cantidad de CM que la médula ósea y sangre periférica. En esta revisión bibliográfica se brinda un panorama actualizado en este tema y sus aplicaciones más importantes. Entre ellas destacan la posibilidad real de regeneración de tejidos otrora considerados imposibles de reponer como el cardíaco y el nervioso.