Análisis de 3 casos de hemorragia alveolar difusa: resultados falsos negativos en la ecografía pulmonar / Analysis of three cases of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage: False-negative results in pulmonary ultrasound

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Quantification of nucleobases/gold nanoparticles interactions: energetics of the interactions through apparent binding constants determination.

We explore the possibilities of quantifying the interaction of both adenine and thymine with non-functionalized, anionic citrate gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Following the plasmon absorbance band's red shifts, dependent of the AuNPs aggregation state, apparent binding free energies of the system are obtained for the sum of the two processes (nucleobase interaction plus nanoparticle aggregation). A deconvolution procedure confirms those results. Those apparent binding free energies are, in both cases, in good agreement with previous studies indicating an increased reactivity for adenine. Moreover, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out both to model the structures and to theoretically support and help understand the observed experimental stability of adenine as compared to thymine over gold nanoparticles. Theoretical results indicate the N atom in the amino group of adenine adopts a pyramidal sp3 hybridization character, stabilizing the interaction with Au as compared to thymine.

Encefalitis autoinmunitaria secundaria a teratoma ovárico: un nuevo síndrome neuropsiquiátrico. Reporte de caso / Autoimmune encephalitis secondary to ovarian teratoma: a new neuropsychiatric syndrome. Report of one case

Resumen ANTECEDENTES: los síndromes neurológicos paraneoplásicos son trastornos asociados con neoplasias, casi siempre por autoanticuerpos producidos por el propio tumor, que causan autoinmunidad cruzada con antígenos en el sistema nervioso central. Hace poco se describió una nueva enfermedad neuropsiquiátrica en mujeres jóvenes con teratoma ovárico, que producen anticuerpos en contra del receptor de N-metil-D-aspartato, que es parte de los diferentes tipos de encefalitis límbicas. CASO CLÍNICO: paciente de 20 años de edad, con un cuadro neuropsiquiátrico prominente con diagnóstico final de encefalitis límbica por anticuerpos anti rNMDA secundaria a teratoma ovárico, con remisión total del cuadro neurológico después del tratamiento multimodal. CONCLUSIÓN: en nuestro conocimiento es el primer caso reportado de encefalitis límbica anti rNMDA debida a teratoma ovárico, con remisión completa del cuadro después del tratamiento multimodal con cirugía, inmunosupresión e inmunomodulación.

Abstract BACKGROUND: paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are disorders associated with neoplasias, generally from autoantibodies produced by the tumor itself that cause crossed immunity with antigens in the central nervous system. A new neuropsychiatric disease was described recently in young women with ovarian teratoma that produce antibodies against the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor that is part of the spectrum of limbic encephalitis. CLINICAL CASE: 20 year old patient with a significant neuropsychiatric picture with a final diagnosis of limbic encephalitis from anti rNMDA antibodies secondary to ovarian teratoma, and total remission of the neurological picture after multimodal treatment. CONCLUSION: to our knowledge it is the first case of anti rNMDA limbic encephalitis due to ovarian teratoma reported with complete remission of the picture after multimodal treatment with surgery, immunosuppression and immunomodulation.

A functional BH3 domain in an aquaporin from Leishmania infantum.

Despite the absence of sequences showing significant similarity to any of the members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins in protozoa, experiments carried out in yeast or trypanosomatids have demonstrated that ectopic expression of some of these members alters their response to different death stimuli. Because the BH3 domain is the smallest common signature in all the proteins of this family of apoptosis regulators and also because they are essential for molecular interactions between antagonistic members, we looked for sequences with significant similarity to the BH3 motif in the Leishmania infantum genome. Among the top scoring ones, we found the MYLALQNLGDEV amino-acid stretch at the C terminus of a previously described aquaporin, now renamed as Li-BH3AQP. This motif is highly conserved in homologous proteins from other species of the Leishmania genus. The association of Li-BH3AQP with human Bcl-XL was demonstrated by both co-immunoprecipitation and yeast two-hybrid experiments. Ectopic expression of Li-BH3AQP reduced viability of HeLa cells and this deleterious effect was abrogated by the simultaneous overexpression of Bcl-XL. Although we were not able to demonstrate a reduction in parasite viability when the protein was overexpressed in Leishmania promastigotes, a prodeath effect could be observed when the parasites overexpressing Li-BH3AQP were treated with staurosporine or antimycin A. Surprisingly, these parasites were more resistant, compared with wild-type parasites, to hypotonic stress or nutrient deprivation. The prodeath activity was abolished upon replacement of two highly conserved amino acids in this BH3 domain. Taken together, these results point to Li-BH3AQP as the first non-enzymatic protein ever described in trypanosomatids that is involved in cell death.

Ventilación en posición prono para pacientes con SDRA grave y obesidad mórbida / Prone position ventilation for patients with severe ARDS and morbid obesity

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Electrogenerated chemiluminescence reactions between the [Ru(bpy)3](2+) complex and PAMAM GX.0 dendrimers in an aqueous medium.

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence, ECL, reactions between tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II), [Ru(bpy)3](2+), and PAMAM GX.0 (X=1 and 2) dendrimers in an aqueous medium were carried out at pH10 (fully deprotonated dendrimer surface). ECL was detected in the presence of GX.0 dendrimers without addition of any known coreactant. Atomic force microscopy, AFM, measurements for GX.0 dendrimers in the presence of the [Ru(bpy)3](2+) complex were also done. AFM images showed the existence of aggregates (pillars) of globular shape, as well as interdendrimer networks forming fibers in the x-y direction for dendrimer aqueous solutions. ECL and AFM results in cooperation suggest that the coreactant effect of the end amine groups is improved by both the dendritic branched shells and the globular z-type aggregates. The ECL efficiency trends as a function of [GX.0] (whole range) can be interpreted taking into account the coreactant effect modulated by the presence of the z and x-y type aggregates. Importantly, ECL efficiency values can be taken as a measure of the change induced on the dendrimer aggregation in aqueous solutions when their concentrations rise. Redox potentials of the [Ru(bpy)3](3+/2+) couple in the presence of the G1.0 and G2.0 dendrimers were also determined.

Free energy of binding of cationic metal complexes to AuNPs through electron-transfer processes.

AuNP effects on the oxidation reaction of [Ru(NH3)5pz](2+) with S2O8(2-) were studied. Experimental results show the effects produced by gold nanoparticles of different sizes, which are then discussed by using an approach based on the two-state model. Changes in the observed reactivity are explained by a change in the degree of association of the reactants to the nanoclusters, which depends on the negative surface potential of the gold nanoparticles. TEM and zeta potential measurements show that this potential determines the binding strength of one of the reactants ([Ru(NH3)5pz](2+)) to the citrate gold surface. The number of binding sites on a citrate nanoparticle receptor has also been determined. The experimental results confirm that an electron transfer reaction can be used as a probe for the determination of the free energy of binding of cationic metal complexes to gold nanoparticles.

Revistas de excelencia en las áreas más productivas en tabaquismo / Excellence journals among most productive areas in smoking

Objetivos: El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar aquellas revistas de excelencia y su evolución en el tiempo [de mayor impacto y prestigio; las incluidas en el primer cuartil (Q1) del Journal Citation Report (JCR 2009) del Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E)] de las cinco áreas más productivas sobre artículos de tabaquismo en el periodo 2001 a 2010. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica sobre tabaquismo en el SCI-Expanded (SCI-E) el día 2 de noviembre de 2011. La estrategia de búsqueda empleada fue «smok*» OR «tobac*». La búsqueda se realizó en el campo «título», para el período 2001-2010, seleccionando los documentos «articles» para las diferentes áreas temáticas (JCR 2009). Fueron identificadas las áreas temáticas más productivas en tabaquismo y fueron determinadas aquellas revistas de las cinco áreas que se encontraron en el primer cuartil del JCR en la década estudiada. Resultados: Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, Oncology, Psychiatry, Medicine, General & Internal y Respiratory System fueron las áreas más productivas en la década estudiada en tabaquismo. Hemos encontrado un aumento del número de revistas a lo largo de los años incluidas en el Q1 del JCR pero han sido siempre las mismas revistas las que en las 5 áreas se han mantenido en los primeros puestos. Conclusión: Las cinco áreas más productivas en tabaquismo han sido Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, Oncology, Psychiatry, Medicine, General & Internal y Respiratory System. Aumento a lo largo de los años de las revistas de excelencia en las cinco áreas pero manteniéndose las mismas en los primeros puestos del ranking (AU)

Objetive: The aim of this study was to identified those excellence journal and his time evolution [those included in the first group (Q1) of the Journal Citation Report (JCR 2009) of the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E)] of the five more productive areas among smoking articles in the period 2001 to 2010. Method: We have performed a bibliographic search among smoking in the SCI-E the second of November of 2011. We have used for the search «smok*» OR «tobac*» as key words and we did it in the title field for original articles for the period 2001 to 2011. We identified the most productive thematic areas and we have determined the journals included in the Q1 of the JCR. Results: We found that Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, Oncology, Psychiatry, Medicine, General & Internal y Respiratory System were the most productive thematic areas. We found an increase of the number of journals included in all the years period, but the same journals were in the top of the ranking. Conclusions: The most productive areas in smoking were Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, Oncology, Psychiatry, Medicine, General & Internal y Respiratory System. We found an increase in the number of excellence journals among the five areas but the same journals were in the top of the ranking all the period (AU)

Nivel de conocimientos de los adolescentes sobre el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana/Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida / Level of knowledge among adolescents on the Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

El Programa Conjunto de las Naciones Unidas informó que 33.3 millones de personas en el mundo vivían con el VIH a finales del 2009. En México existen 200,000 personas con el VIH/SIDA. En el sureste mexicano, Oaxaca ocupa el cuarto lugar de casos de SIDA principalmente en los adolescentes. La disciplina de enfermería puede abordar este problema a través de la promoción y prevención de la enferme - dad en los adolescentes que residen en zonas rurales. Objetivo: Identificar el nivel de conocimientos que tienen los adolescentes hijos de padres migrantes acerca del VIH/SIDA de una comunidad rural oaxaqueña. Metodología. El estudio fue transversal, descriptivo. La muestra fue de 37 adolescentes ambos sexos hijos de padres migrantes. La ética del estudio consideró el Reglamento de la Ley General de Salud. Resultados: El 91.2% de la muestra presentó conocimientos regulares, el 2.9% conocimientos adecuados y el 5.9% no adecuados. Discusión y conclusión: Los resultados coinciden con otras investigaciones, sin embargo la mayor parte de éstas se han realizado en un contexto urbano, lo que ha limitado la prevención del VIH/SIDA en zonas rurales. El estudio, permitió evidenciar problemas que pueden ser abordados, por la disciplina de enfermería.

The United Nation Joint Program of the United Nations Organization to inform that 33.3 millions of persons in the world lived with VIH to the end of 2009. In México exist 200,000 persons with VIH/SIDA. Oaxaca hold the fourth position of case of SIDA in the southeast in adolescents. The discipline of nursing can broach this problem through it promotion and prevention of the disease in the adolescents that to lie in place zone rurals. Objective. To identify the level of knowledge that to have the adolescents children's of parents migrants about the one VIH/SIDA of a community rural of Oaxaca. Methodology. The study were descriptive transverse. The simple were of 37 adolescents both sexs. Children´s of parents migrants. The ethic of study to considers the Rules Health General Law of México. Results. The 91.2% of sample to present knowledge regulars; the 2.9% knowledge good and the 5.9% knowledge bads. Discussion and conclusion. The results to coincide with others researchs. However the majority part of these to them the used in a context urban, this to limited prevention of VIH/SIDA in zones rurals. The adolescents had Knowledge regulars and the study to permit to demonstrate problems that can be broach by the discipline of nursing.

[Pseudoaneurysm in the radial artery after catheterization]. / Seudoaneurisma de arteria radial post-canulación.

Eleven days after surgery to remove an olfactory groove meningioma, a woman developed a pulsatile swelling and localized elevation of temperature in the radial artery catheterized to monitor arterial pressure. Pseudoaneurysm of the radial artery was diagnosed and the patient was returned to the operating room for ligation and biopsy of the vessel under regional anesthesia. Her condition worsened in spite of the resection and 48 hours after repair of the arterial pseudoaneurysm she was admitted to the intensive care unit with septic shock. Radial artery catheterization is a safe, frequently performed procedure but it is not free of risk. The most common complication is thrombosis. Much more rare are pseudoaneurysms, lesions that are observed late after catheterization (7-40 days) and are associated with vessel wall alterations, repeated puncture attempts, and catheter infection. The usual therapeutic approach involves surgical resection and ligature of the vessel, although other measures have been suggested.

Heat-induced programmed cell death in Leishmania infantum is reverted by Bcl-X(L) expression.

An increasing number of reports indicate that single-celled organisms are able to die following what seems to be an ordered program of cell death with strong similarities to apoptosis from higher eukaryotes. DNA degradation and several other apoptotic-like processes have also been described in the parasitic protozoa Leishmania. However, the existence of an apoptotic death in this parasite is still a matter of controversy. Our results indicate that most of the processes of macromolecular degradation and organelle dysfunction observed in mammalian cells during apoptosis can also be reproduced in promastigotes of the genus Leishmania when incubated at temperatures above 38 degrees C. These processes can be partially reversed by the expression of the anti-apoptotic mammalian gene Bcl-X(L), which suggests that this family of apoptosis-regulating proteins was present very early in the evolution of eukaryotic cells.

Seudoaneurisma de arteria radial post-canulación / Pseudoaneurysm in the radial artery after catheterization

Una paciente intervenida de un meningioma del surcoolfatorio desarrolló once días después de la cirugía unatumoración pulsátil acompañada de fiebre en la zona dela arteria radial canulada para monitorizar la presiónarterial invasiva. Con el diagnóstico de seudoaneurismade la arteria radial fue conducida de nuevo a quirófanodonde se realizó ligadura y biopsia de dicho vaso bajoanestesia regional. A pesar de la resección sufrió un deterioroprogresivo de su situación clínica, precisando ingresoen la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) 48 horasdespués de la reparación de la formación seudoaneurismáticaarterial con el diagnóstico de shock séptico.La canulación de la arteria radial es un procedimientohabitual y seguro, aunque no exento de complicaciones.La más frecuente es la trombosis, siendo mucho másrara la formación de seudoaneurismas, lesión que seobserva tardíamente (7-40 días) tras su cateterización yse asocia a alteración en la pared de los vasos, repetidosintentos de punción o infección del catéter. Aunque sehan propuesto otras opciones terapéuticas la más extendidaes la resección quirúrgica y ligadura del vaso

Eleven days after surgery to remove an olfactory groovemeningioma, a woman developed a pulsatile swellingand localized elevation of temperature in the radialartery catheterized to monitor arterial pressure. Pseudoaneurysmof the radial artery was diagnosed and thepatient was returned to the operating room for ligationand biopsy of the vessel under regional anesthesia. Hercondition worsened in spite of the resection and 48 hoursafter repair of the arterial pseudoaneurysm she wasadmitted to the intensive care unit with septic shock.Radial artery catheterization is a safe, frequently performedprocedure but it is not free of risk. The mostcommon complication is thrombosis. Much more rareare pseudoaneurysms, lesions that are observed lateafter catheterization (7-40 days) and are associated withvessel wall alterations, repeated puncture attempts, andcatheter infection. The usual therapeutic approachinvolves surgical resection and ligature of the vessel, althoughother measures have been suggested

Migración intratorácica de aguja de Kirschner en cerclaje roto de la articulación acromioclavicular / Intrathoracic migration of a Kirschner wire in a broken tension banding of the acromioclavicular joint

El enclavijado percutáneo con agujas de Kirschner apoyado por un cerclaje de alambre en la articulación acromioclavicular, puede ser una opción terapeútica válida en determinados casos, como luxaciones acromioclaviculares inestables o fracturas de la extremidad lateral de clavícula. Sin embargo, esta técnica no está exenta de complicaciones, algunas de ellas graves. Se presenta una migración de una aguja de Kirschner que ocurrió en un paciente varón de 42 años, intervenido quirúrgicamente hace 9 años mediante cerclaje con alambre y agujas de Kirschner de la articulación acromioclavicular izquierda, tras sufrir traumatismo deportivo en dicha articulación, y desconociéndose el diagnóstico inicial. El paciente es remitido recientemente a nuestra consulta al detectarle en un control radiológico simple de tórax la migración intratorácica del material de osteosíntesis. Tras la realización de esta técnica quirúrgica, y con el fin de prevenir y detectar precozmente la migración, se debe realizar un seguimiento clínico y radiológico estricto. Asimismo, el material de osteosíntesis debe ser retirado tan pronto como sea posible en todos los casos. Se revisa la bibliografía más reciente sobre este tema (AU)