RESUMO
El virus del papiloma humano es una infección de transmisión sexual con un alto índice de contagio en población joven y adulta y principal factor del cáncer cérvico-uterino ligado al inicio precoz de las relaciones sexuales. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimientos de adolescentes de una escuela preparatoria, sobre el virus del papiloma humano. Métodos: Estudio transversal, descriptivo realizado en 242 alumnos de ambos sexos. Se aplicó instrumento con 46 ítems agrupados en cuatro secciones: datos sociodemográficos, conocimien-tos sobre el virus, aspectos de salud sexual y fuentes de información; nivel de confiabilidad de 0,7. Resultados: Un 53.7% mujeres, 40.5% con 17 anosË y un 97.1% soltero. El 64.6% no identificó qué es el virus del papiloma humano, El 68.6% no supo qué afecciones puede generar el virus, y el 88% no identifica que el fumar puede predisponer, en las mujeres, riesgo para la adquisición del virus; el 78.5% identificó el factor principal de riesgo y el 82.6% la mejor vía de protección contra la infección. El nivel de conocimientos general fue bajo en el 80% de los participantes. Conclusiones: El desconocimiento frente al fenómeno puede contribuir a la mala praxis en salud o a tener actividades riesgosas como el tener múltiples parejas sexuales o no usar el preservativo ante un contacto sexual.(AU)
The human papilloma virus, a sexually transmitted infection with a high likelihood of contagion among young and adult populations, is the main cervical- uterine cancer causing factor linked to early initiation of sexual intercourse. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge on the topic among adolescents in one high school. Methods: This is a transversal and descriptive study with a sample of 242 students of both sexes. An instrument with 42 items grouped in four sections: social-demographic data, knowledge on the human papilloma virus, issues on sexual health, and sources of information was applied. The reliability level was estimated at 0.7. Results: From the sample, 53.7% were women, 40.5% were 17 years old, and 91.1% were single. Sixty four point six percent did not identify the virus, 68.6% did not know about the illnesses the virus can provoke, and 88% did not know that smoking can predispose women towards a greater risk of acquiring the virus. From the sample, 78.5% identified the principal risk factor, and 82.6% were aware of the best protection against infection. The general level of knowledge was low in 80% of the participants. Conclusions: The lack of knowledge on the issue can lead to risky lifestyles such as having multiple sexual partners or nor using the condoms accordingly. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Papillomaviridae , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Infecções por Papillomavirus/prevenção & controle , Estudos Transversais , MéxicoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The problems of air pollution became noticeable in Cartagena in the seventies, high SO2 and particle levels having been reached from time to time. Our aim is to assess, using the EMECAM methodology, the acute impact of SO2 and particle air pollution on the daily death rate of the city of Cartagena in the 1992-1996 period. METHODS: A daily listing is provided of the total number of non-accidental deaths within the population as a whole and for those over age 70, the cardiovascular and the respiratory deaths due to dioxide and particle air pollution for the 1992-1996 period using autoregressive Poisson models which control seasonality, weather, time of year, flu, special events, and time lags. RESULTS: In the period under study, there has been a drop in the SO2 air pollution as compared to previous years, which was not as marked for the particles. The analyses reveal significant relationships in the total non-accidental deaths in those over age 69, with the average particle count and those particles with cardiovascular deaths for the months of May to October. In the six-month period of the year, when the weather is cold, we found a positive statistically significant relationship to exist in the maximum daily hourly value of the particles and the deaths due to cardiocirculatory and respiratory diseases. However, there is no consistency in the between on assessing the reliability of the models.
