Sleep quality in women with diabetes in pregnancy: a single-center retrospective study.

PURPOSE: Sleep quality is an important indicator of individual quality of life, which not only affects people's mental health but is also closely related to the occurrence of many diseases. Sleep disorders associated with diabetes in pregnancy can greatly endanger the health of both mothers and babies, and their hazards are strongly associated with blood glucose levels. This study explored the quality of sleep and sleep disorders in pregnant women with diabetes. METHODS: From June 2020 to July 2021, a total of 693 patients diagnosed with diabetes during pregnancy in Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital were used as the experiment group, including 626 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 67 patients with pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM). At the same time, 709 women not having diabetes were randomly selected as the control group. To obtain the general situation of the participants, the participants were surveyed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the STOP-BANG (S, Snoring; T, Tiredness; O, Observed apnea; P, high blood Pressure; B, Body mass index > 35 kg/ m2; A, Age > 50 years; N, Neck circumference > 40 cm; G, male Gender) questionnaire. The differences in sleep quality and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) were analyzed between the experiment group and the control group by using chi-square and t-test, and the clinical features and related factors of sleep disorder were analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the age, pre-pregnancy weight, body mass index (BMI), and neck circumference were larger in the experimental group (P < 0.05). The experimental group had higher PSQI scores for sleep quality, time to fall asleep score, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disorder, and daytime dysfunction than the control group (all P < 0.001). Specific analysis of the clinical features of sleep disorders indicated that the experimental group scored higher than the control group (P < 0.05). The analysis of the types of daytime dysfunction showed that the experiment group scored higher in terms of frequently feeling sleepy and lack of energy to do things than the control group (P < 0.05). Analysis of STOP-BANG scores indicated that the proportion of patients with GDM or PGDM having fatigue, hypertension, BMI > 35 kg/m2, and neck circumference > 40 cm was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). According to regression analysis, sleep quality of patients with GDM was significantly impacted by the increases in age (OR: 1.243, CI:1.197-1.290), neck circumference (OR: 1.350, CI: 1.234-1.476), PSQI score (OR: 2.124, CI:1.656-2.724), and sleep efficiency score (OR: 3.083, CI:1.534-6.195), whereas that of patients with PGDM was impacted by age (OR: 1.191, CI:1.086-1.305), neck circumference (OR: 1.981, CI: 1.469-2.673), and PSQI score (OR: 7.835, CI: 2.383-25.761). CONCLUSIONS: Pregnant women with diabetes had poorer sleep quality and a higher risk of developing OSAHS than those without diabetes. There may be some link between sleep quality and the onset of diabetic.

Prophylactic antibiotics for miscarriage surgery: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Infection is a serious potential consequence of surgery to complete a spontaneous abortion. Antibiotic prophylaxis before some operations has been shown to reduce the risk of postoperative infections. However, for miscarriage surgery, evidence is lacking to show effectiveness. METHODS: In this systematic review, the electronic databases of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, and PUBMED will be searched from inception to May 1, 2020. Randomized controlled trials that assessed the effectiveness and safety of antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing infection for patients undergoing miscarriage surgery will be included. All process of the study selection, data extraction, and methodology evaluation will be carried out by two authors independently. RevMan 5.3 software will be utilized for statistical analysis. RESULTS: This study will provide a detailed summary of latest evidence related to the effectiveness and safety of antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing infection for patients undergoing miscarriage surgery. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study may provide possible guidance for the use of antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing infection for patients undergoing miscarriage surgery. DISSEMINATION AND ETHICS: Ethical approval is not required in this study, because it will not collect the original data from individual patient. The results are expected to publish through a peer-reviewed journal. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD CRD42020155643.

Antiepileptic activity of total triterpenes isolated from Poria cocos is mediated by suppression of aspartic and glutamic acids in the brain.

CONTEXT: Triterpenes from Poria cocos Wolf (Polyporaceae) have been used to treat various diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. However, the antiepileptic effects and mechanism are not fully understood. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to investigate the antiepileptic properties of total triterpenes (TTP) from the whole P. cocos. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ethanol extract TTP was identified by HPLC fingerprint analysis. Male ICR mice were gavaged (i.g.) with TTP (5, 20, 80 or 160 mg/kg) or reference drugs twice a day for 7 d. Antiepileptic activities of TTP were evaluated by maximal electroshock (MES)- and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice for 30 and 60 min, respectively. Locomotor activity and Rota-rod tests were performed for 60 min and 5 min, respectively. The levels of glutamic acid (Glu), aspartic acid (Asp), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine (Gly) in convulsive mice were estimated. The chronic epileptic model of Wistar rats was built to measure expressions of glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) and GABAA in rat brain after TTP treatment. RESULTS: The LC50 of TTP (i.g.) was above 6 g/kg. TTP (5-160 mg/kg) protected mice against MES- and PTZ-induced convulsions at 65.0% and 62.5%, respectively, but have no effect on rota-rod treadmill; TTP (20-160 mg/kg) significantly reduced the locomotor activities, shortened the onset of pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep; TTP decreased Glu and Asp levels in convulsive mice, but increased the GAD65 and GABAA expressions in chronic epileptic rats at doses usage. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: TTP extracted from P. cocos possessed potential antiepileptic properties and is a candidate for further antiepileptic drug development.

[Effects of AZT on leukemia cell line KG-1a proliferation and telomerase activity].

This study was purposed to investigate the effect of 3'-azido-2', 3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT)on the proliferation and telomerase activity of human acute myeloid leukemia cell line KG-1a. The effect of proliferation was detected by MTT assay after the KG-1a cell were stimulated for 24, 48 and 72 h with different concentrations of AZT; telomerase activity was detected with TRAP-PCR-ELISA assay; RT-PCR was used to detect telomerase hTERT mRNA expression. The results showed that the proliferation of KG-1a cells was inhibited in a time and concentration dependent manner after exposure to AZT for 24, 48 and 72 h; the KG-1a cells decreased in S phase and increased in G(2)/M phase with the increasing of the concentration of AZT; telomerase activity and hTERT-mRNA expression in the experimental groups decreased after treated with AZT, which was positively correlated with concentration of AZT. It is concluded that AZT inhibits KG-1a cell proliferation and induces apoptosis, which maybe related with its decreasing the telomerase activity and hTERT mRNA expression.