[Knowledge, attitude and practice about first aid and influencing factors in key populations in Beijing: a large cross-sectional study].

Objective: To investigate the status of knowledge, attitude and practice about first aid and influencing factors in key population, those who have frequent contacts with people and might be "first aid" promoter in general population of Beijing, and provide evidences for the promotion of first aid. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey based on the "Emergency Rescue Capacity Training Project". Using cluster sampling, we recruited 9 591 participants after the training in Beijing for survey with a self-designed questionnaire from October 2021 to March 2022. Results: In 9 591 participants, 98.58% knew the emergency call number, while only 32.00% knew how to identify sunstroke. The awareness rate of the definition of first aid and legal disclaimer were lower (63.61%, 75.91%). People's willingness to give first aid to others, including relative, acquaintance, stranger and vagrant, were different (χ2=822.82, P<0.001). People were more likely to give first aid to relative, acquaintance and stranger compared with vagrant (P<0.05). With the increase of psychological distance, the willingness to give first aid decreased (Z=-26.57, P<0.001). According to the results of Logistic regression analysis, older age, higher annual family income and higher awareness of first aid related knowledge were contributing factors for giving first aid. In 1 529 people who met emergency, only 66 people (4.32%)did not give any first aid. Conclusions: The key population in Beijing has high awareness of first aid related knowledge and positive attitude of first aid after training. A high proportion of people performed first aid to others. Age, annual family income and awareness of first aid related knowledge were contributing factors for giving first aid.

Analysis of high-resolution HLA-A, -B, -Cw, -DRB1, and -DQB1 alleles and haplotypes in 718 Chinese marrow donors based on donor-recipient confirmatory typings.

High-resolution human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A, -B, -Cw, -DRB1, and -DQB1 alleles and haplotype frequencies were analysed from 718 Chinese healthy donors selected from the Chinese Marrow Donor Program registry based on HLA donor-recipient confirmatory typings. A total of 28 HLA-A, 61 HLA-B, 30 HLA-Cw, 40 HLA-DRB1 and 18 HLA-DQB1 alleles were identified, and HLA-A*1101, A*2402, A*0201, B*4001, Cw*0702, Cw*0102, Cw*0304, DRB1*0901, DRB1*1501, DQB1*0301, DQB1*0303 and DQB1*0601 were found with frequencies higher than 10% in this study population. Multiple-locus haplotype analysis by the maximum-likelihood method revealed 45 A-B, 38 Cw-B, 47 B-DRB1, 29 DRB1-DQB1, 24 A-B-DRB1, 38 A-Cw-B, 23 A-Cw-B-DRB1, 33 Cw-B-DRB1-DQB1 and 22 A-Cw-B-DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes with frequencies >0.5%. The most common two-, three-, four- and five-locus haplotypes in this population were: A*0207-B*4601 (7.34%), Cw*0102-B*4601 (8.71%), B*1302-DRB1*0701 (6.19%), DRB1*0901-DQB1*0303 (14.27%), A*3001-B*1302-DRB1*0701 (5.36%), A*0207-Cw*0102-B*4601 (7.06%), A*3001-Cw*0602-B*1302-DRB1*0701 (5.36%), Cw*0602-B*1302-DRB1*0701-DQB1*0202 (6.12%) and A*3001-Cw*0602-B*1302-DRB1*0701-DQB1*0202 (5.29%). Presentation of the high-resolution alleles and haplotypes data at HLA-A, -B, -Cw, -DRB1 and -DQB1 loci will be useful for HLA matching in transplantation as well as for other medical and anthropological applications in the Chinese population.

Identification of a novel HLA-B allele HLA-B*4070 in a Chinese donor.

Identification of a novel human leukocyte antigen-B allele HLA-B*4070.

Effect of topical aclacinomycin on glaucoma filtration surgery in rabbits.

A prospective, randomized, double-masked and placebo-controlled study was performed to compare the effects of a single 5-minute intraoperative exposure to aclacinomycin (AMC) 0.4 mg/ml or 0.8 mg/ml with control eyes treated with saline solution on the success of glaucoma filtration surgery in 26 rabbits. Intraocular pressure (IOP), bleb survival, fistula patency and complications were evaluated. The results showed that IOP in the eyes treated with AMC was significantly lower than that in the control eyes from days 5-40 in the 0.4 mg/ml group and from days 5-20 in the 0.8 mg/ml group. The bleb survival lasted significantly longer in the two treated groups than in the control group and in the AMC 0.4 mg/ml group than in the AMC 0.8 mg/ml group. At 40 days, the rate of sclera fistula occlusion was 0% in the AMC 0.4 mg/ml eyes, 43.8% in the AMC 0.8 mg/ml eyes, and 100% in the control eyes. Significant complications, such as anterior chamber inflammation, hyphema, moderate and severe corneal haze, dense corneal neovascularization and mild cataract occurred only in the eyes treated with AMC 0.8 mg/ml. The results indicated that intraocular treatment with AMC at a dose of 0.4 mg/ml had a markedly beneficial effect on IOP, bleb appearance and fistula patency after experimental filtration surgery in rabbits.