[CT manifestations of squamous papilloma in adult nose, pharynx and throat].

Objective:Analyze the CT imaging characteristics of squamous papilloma in adult nose pharynx and throat to improve the diagnostic accuracy.Method:Retrospectively analyze clinical data and CT image data in 24 cases of squamous papilloma in adult nose, pharynx and throat, which were confirmed by endoscopic surgical pathology, and summarize CT imaging features including location, shape, enhancement, and its relationship with adjacent tissue, and so on.Result:The patients with squamous papilloma were characterized by diffusing thickening and uniform swelling of the mucosa of nose, pharynx and throat, narrowing near the cavity gap, swallow gap existing, and enhancement scanning manifested mild-to-moderate gradually uniform reinforcement (enhanced CT value with 20-45 HU), when accompanied with malignancy, apparent arterial enhancement (enhanced CT value >45 HU) was observed.Conclusion:The adult patients with papilloma of nose, pharynx and throat has special features in CT image, which can provide more information for clinical diagnosis.

The effect of Taraxacum officinale on gastric emptying and smooth muscle motility in Rodents.

BACKGROUND: Taraxacum officinale (TO) is a traditional herbal medicine that has been widely used for abdominal illnesses. However, the efficacy and the mechanism of TO on gastric emptying (GE) and smooth muscle motility are unknown. METHODS: Ethyl acetate fraction (EA), n-butanol fraction (BF), and aqueous fraction (AF) were prepared in succession from 70% ethanol extract (EE) of TO using solvent polarity chromatography. Phenol red meal was adopted to estimate GE in mice. A polygraph was used to measure the smooth muscle motility in rats. KEY RESULTS: The percentage of GE was 48.8 ± 6.1% (vehicle control), 75.3 ± 6.5% (cisapride positive control), 68.0±6.7% (EE), 53.3±6.0% (EA), 54.1±6.3% (AF), and 86.0±6.5% (BF). Thus, BF was determined to be most effective in accelerating GE. This stimulatory effect of BF on GE was also supported by the observation that BF increased spontaneous contraction of gastric fundus and antrum and decreased the spontaneous motility of pyloric sphincter in vitro. Atropine blocked the stimulatory effect of BF on GE, whereas phentolamine and propranolol had no effect. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES: BF seems to be a promising prokinetic agent. BF-induced increase in the contraction of fundus and antrum contributes to an increase in the intra-gastric pressure. BF-induced decrease in the motility of pyloric sphincter contributes to a decrease in the resistance of food from the stomach to the small intestine. The acceleration of GE by BF is likely to be exerted through cholinergic stimulation.

Behavior of lanthanides in countercurrent chromatography using dihexyl-N,N-diethylcarbamoyl methylene phosphonate as stationary phase.

Counter-current chromatography is a real liquid-liquid chromatography. The retention volume of the solute can be calculated from the batch distribution ratio in organic separations. In the separations of metal ion, there are several complex and dissociation reactions involved in the two phases, and the retention volume cannot be always predicted from the batch distribution ratio. A mass transfer model is proposed in this paper and an expression of V(R) is derived. The retention volume of metal ion is determined not only by the batch distribution ratio but also by the mechanism of the extraction reaction. When 25% dihexyl-N,N-diethylcarbamoyl methylenephosphonate in cyclohexane is used as stationary phase and 2.91 mol/l HNO3 as mobile phase, the dynamic distribution ratios obtained from the chromatogram are not equal to but proportional to the batch distribution coefficients. These results are in agreement with the theoretical expression.

[Studies on chemical constituents in the roots of Rabdosia japonica (Burm.f). Hara var. glaucocalyx (Maxin) Hara].

OBJECTIVE: To isolate and elucidate the chemical constituents in the roots of Rabdosia japonica. METHOD: The constituents were extracted by ether and isolated by chromatography on silica gel and ODS. The structures were determined by IR, H NMR, 13C NMR and MS spectra respectively. RESULT: Four compounds were elucidated as glaucocalgxin A, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid and daucosterol. CONCLUSION: Oleanolic acid and daucosterol were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Pompe's disease in Chinese and prenatal diagnosis by determination of alpha-glucosidase activity.

We measured the activities of two major forms of alpha-glucosidase in lymphocytes and cultured fibroblasts from normal healthy controls and patients with Pompe's disease by using 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-D-glucoside as substrate. We found (1) enzyme activity of the pH 4 and pH 6 forms varied with age, and (2) patients with Pompe's disease showed very low activity of the pH 4 form and a low ratio of pH 4 to pH 6 forms. We established a reference range and were also able to diagnose prenatally the homozygote and heterozygote forms of Pompe's disease which occurred in families of southern Chinese and aborigines in Taiwan. This enzyme biochemical study may be useful in anthropology.