Effect of capsular tension ring on the refractive outcomes of patients with extreme high axial myopia after phacoemulsification.

PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of capsular tension ring (CTR) implantation following cataract surgery on the refractive outcomes of patients with extreme high axial myopia. METHODS: Sixty eyes (with an axial length of ≥26 mm) were retrospectively reviewed and classified into two groups: CTR group (n = 30), which underwent CTR implantation following phacoemulsification, and control group (n = 30), which did not undergo CTR implantation. Intraocular lens (IOL) calculation was performed using Barrett Universal II (UII), Haigis, and SRK/T formulas. The refractive prediction error (PE) was calculated by subtracting the postoperative refraction from predicted refraction. The mean PE (MPE), mean absolute error (MAE), and percentages of eyes that had a PE of ±0.25, ±0.50, ±1.00, or ±2.00 diopters (D) were calculated and compared. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed in PE between the two groups. The Barrett UII formula revealed a lower AE in the CTR group than in the control group (p = 0.015) and a lower AE than the other two formulas (p = 0.0000) in both groups. The Barrett UII formula achieved the highest percentage of eyes with a PE of ±0.25 D (66.67%). CONCLUSIONS: The refractive outcomes were more accurate in eyes with CTR implantation than in those with routine phacoemulsification based on the Barrett UII formula. The Barrett UII formula was recommended as the appropriate formula when planning CTR implantation in high myopia.

Knockout of TGF-ß receptor II by CRISPR/Cas9 delays mesenchymal transition of Lens epithelium and posterior capsule opacification.

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common postoperative complication of cataract surgery. Transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) is related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells (LECs) that is proven to induce PCO formation in clinical and experimental studies. In this study, CRISPR sequences targeting exon of TGF-ßRII were knocked out with lentiviral transfection in LECs. Rabbits' PCO model was established and recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) for transferring the gRNA of TGF ßRII were intravitreally injected. SgRNA inhibited TGF-ßRII expression and human LECs proliferation. In TGF-ßRII knockout group, LECs motility and migration were suppressed, N-cadherin and vimentin expressions were significantly decreased, whereas E-cadherin was increased. The animal model showed that TGF-ßRII knockout in vivo was effective in suppressing PCO. The current study suggested that the CRISPR/Cas9 endonuclease system could suppress TGF-ßRII secretion, which participates in the EMT procedure of LECs in vitro and PCO in vivo. These findings might provide a new gene-editing approach and insight into a novel therapeutic strategy for PCO.

Tissue adhesive indocyanine green-locking granular gel-mediated photothermal therapy combined with checkpoint inhibitor for preventing postsurgical recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer.

Developing effective therapy to inhibit postoperative recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is challenging and significant to reduce mortality and morbidity. Here, a granular hydrogel, assembled from gelatin microgels by dialdehyde starch and interpenetrated with in situ polymerized poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate-co-N-isopropylacrylamide) (P(SBMA-co-NIPAM)), is prepared to load and lock Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved indocyanine green (ICG) with definite photothermal function and biosafety for photothermal therapy (PTT) combining with checkpoint inhibitor. The presence of P(SBMA-co-NIPAM) endows granular hydrogel with high retention to water-soluble ICG, preventing easy diffusion and rapid scavenging of ICG. The ICG-locking granular hydrogel can be spread and adhered onto the surgery site at wet state in vivo, exerting a persistent and stable PTT effect. Combined with αPD-L1 treatment, ICG-locking granular hydrogel-mediated PTT can eradicate postsurgery residual and metastatic tumors, and prevent long-term tumor recurrence. Further mechanistic studies indicate that combination treatment effectively promotes dendritic cells maturation in lymph nodes, enhances the number and infiltration of CD8+ T and CD4+ T cells in tumor tissue, and improves memory T cell number in spleen, thus activating the antitumor immune response. Overall, ICG-locking gel-mediated PTT is expected to exhibit broad clinical applications in postoperative treatment of cancers, like CRC.

Congenital coralliform cataract is the predominant consequence of a recurrent mutation in the CRYGD gene.

BACKGROUND: Congenital cataract is a leading cause of treatable childhood blindness and both clinically and genetically heterogeneous. Among the already characterized phenotypes, coralliform cataract is a rare special form of congenital cataracts. Although previous studies had shown that mutations in the γD-crystallin (CRYGD) can result in congenital coralliform cataracts, no conclusive genotype-phenotype correlation might be drawn. Here we aimed to identify the spectrum and frequency of CRYGD gene mutations in congenital coralliform cataracts of Chinese origin. METHODS: The medical records of 392 Chinese families with congenital cataracts were reviewed between January 2011 and December 2021. The families, clinically documented to have congenital coralliform cataracts, were screened for mutations in candidate CRYGD gene. The genomic DNA of all subjects was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. PCR amplified and direct sequencing were performed to identify the disease-causing mutation. RESULTS: A total of 12 families with coralliform cataracts were recruited in this study in the past 10 years, accounting for 3.1% of the families with congenital cataracts. Of the 12 families, all affected individuals presented with bilateral non-progressive coralliform cataracts since birth, with the best-corrected Snellen visual acuities ranging from 20/200 to 20/25. A recurrent c.70 C > A (p. P24T) mutation in CRYGD was identified in 10 families (83.3%) with congenital cataract, which co-segregated with all affected individuals and was not observed in unaffected family members or ethnically matched normal controls. CONCLUSIONS: The coralliform cataract is characterized by being bilateral, non-progressive and present at birth. A recurrent p.P24T CRYGD mutation occurs independently in 83.3% of the Chinese families with congenital coralliform cataracts and most likely represents a mutational hot spot, which underscore the relations between coralliform cataract and p.P24T CRYGD.

Comparison of the accuracy of three intraocular lens power calculation formulas in cataract patients with prior radial keratotomy.

PURPOSE: To compare the accuracy of three intraocular lens (IOL) formulas in Chinese cataract patients with prior radial keratotomy (RK). METHODS: Medical records of cataract patients with prior RK at Beijing Tongren Hospital were retrospectively analysed. The absolute error (AE) was calculated as the absolute difference between the actual postoperative spherical equivalent and the predicted spherical equivalent. The AE and percentages of eyes with AE within 0.5D, 1.0D, and 2.0D for three formulas [Barrett True-K, Holladay 1 (D-K), Haigis] were calculated and compared. RESULTS: Forty-seven eyes of 28 cataract patients were included. The Median AE (MedAE) was significantly different among the three formulas (P < 0.001). The MedAE was lowest for the Barrett True-K formula (0.62), followed by the Haigis (0.76), and Holladay 1 (D-K) (1.16). The percentages of eyes with AE within 0.5D, and 1.0D were significantly different among the 3 formulas (P = 0.009, and P < 0.001). The Barrett True-K formula achieved the highest percentages (46.8%) of eyes with AE within 0.5D. Haigis achieved the highest percentages (70.21%) of eyes with AE within 1.0 D. CONCLUSIONS: Barrett True-K is the most accurate IOL power calculation formula among the 3 formulas and Haigis is an alternative choice. Considering the relatively lower accuracy of IOL formulas in cataract patients with prior RK, newer and more accurate IOL formulas are desirable.

Analysis of therapeutic mechanism of Liushen Wan against colitis-associated colorectal cancer based on network pharmacology and validation in mice / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Liushen Wan (LSW) against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) by network pharmacology.@*METHODS@#TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, CNKI, PubMed, Genecards, OMIM, and TTD databases were used to obtain the related targets of LSW and CAC. The common targets of LSW and CAC were obtained using Venny online website. The PPI network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.8.2 to screen the core targets of LSW in the treatment of CAC. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were conducted using DAVID database. The therapeutic effect of LSW on CAC was evaluated in a C57BL/6J mouse model of AOM/DSS-induced CAC by observing the changes in body weight, disease activity index, colon length, and size and number of the tumor. HE staining and RT-qPCR were used to analyze the effect of LSW on inflammatory mediators. Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL staining were used to evaluate the effect of LSW on the proliferation and apoptosis of AOM/DSS-treated colon tumor cells. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to detect the effects of LSW on the expression of TLR4 proteins in CAC mice.@*RESULTS@#Network pharmacology analysis identified 69 common targets of LSW and CAC, and 33 hub targets were screened in the PPI network. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis suggested that the effect of LSW on CAC was mediated by the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. In the mouse model of AOM/DSS-induced CAC, LSW significantly inhibited colitis-associated tumorigenesis, reduced tumor number and tumor load (P < 0.05), obviously improved histopathological changes in the colon, downregulated the mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and inhibited the proliferation (P < 0.01) and promoted apoptosis of colon tumor cells (P < 0.001). LSW also significantly decreased TLR4 protein expression in the colon tissue (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#LSW can inhibit CAC in mice possibly by regulating the expression of TLR4 to reduce intestinal inflammation, inhibit colon tumor cell proliferation and promote their apoptosis.

Comparison of accuracy of intraocular lens calculation formulas in cataract eyes with prior radial keratotomy and axial length longer than 28mm / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To compare the accuracy of different intraocular lens(IOL)calculation formulas in cataract patients with axial length longer than 28mm and a history of radial keratotomy(RK).METHODS: Retrospective study. The medical records of 19 cataract patients(29 eyes)after RK and with axial length longer than 28mm who underwent cataract surgery from January 2011 to July 2020 in Beijing Tongren Hospital were analyzed. The absolute error(AE)of the difference among three different formulas was calculated. AE refers to the absolute value between the actual spherical equivalent after cataract surgery and the spherical equivalent predicted by the IOL formula. The AE values of the three formulas and the percentages of eyes with AE≤0.5, 0.75, 1.0, and 2.0D were calculated and compared.RESULTS: The AE values of the three formulas were significantly different(χ2=8.759, P=0.013). The Barrett True-K formula had the smallest median AE, which was only 0.62(0.20, 1.15)D, followed by the Haigis formula 0.76(0.34, 1.26)D, and the Holladay 1(D-K)formula had the largest 1.01(0.49, 1.62)D. The percentages of affected eyes with AE ≤0.5, 0.75, 1.0, and 2.0D for the Barrett True-K formula were 48%, 59%, 69%, and 93%, which were equal to or higher than the other two formulas.CONCLUSION: The Barrett True-K formula is more recommended among the three formulas for cataract patients after RK and with axial length longer than 28 mm.

Epidemic characteristics of anthrax in Chengde City， Hebei Province from 2005 to 2021 / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo determine the epidemic characteristics of anthrax in Chengde City， Hebei Province from 2005 to 2021， and to provide evidence for formulating prevention and control measures of anthrax and reducing incidence rate. MethodsThis study collected the data of anthrax epidemic in Chengde City and conducted descriptive analysis. ResultsFrom 2005 to 2021， a total of 11 anthrax cases were reported in Chengde City with no death. The average incidence rate was 0.08/105， which remained low. Furthermore， 10 cases were cutaneous anthrax and 1 case was pulmonary anthrax. The cases were mainly reported in Weichang County， accounting for 90.91% of the total reported cases， followed by Pingquan City. In addition， the cases were mainly reported from July to August and mainly between 30 and 59 years old with a gender ratio of 2.67∶1. ConclusionThe anthrax epidemic in Chengde City is likely to increase. It mainly occurs in summer， rural areas， and male young and middle-aged farmers. It is necessary to improve epidemic monitoring， health education， disease prevention capacity， early identification of the epidemic， and active response.

Global Epidemic of Ebola Virus Disease and the Importation Risk into China: An Assessment Based on the Risk Matrix Method / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the global epidemic status of the Ebola virus disease (EVD) and assess the importation risk into China.@*METHODS@#Data from World Health Organization reports were used. We described the global epidemic status of EVD from 1976-2021, and assessed and ranked the importation risk of EVD from the disease-outbreaking countries into China using the risk matrix and Borda count methods, respectively.@*RESULTS@#From 1976-2021, EVD mainly occurred in western and central Africa, with the highest cumulative number of cases (14,124 cases) in Sierra Leone, and the highest cumulative fatality rate (85%) in the Congo. Outbreaks of EVD have occurred in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Guinea since 2018. The importation risk into China varies across countries with outbreaks of disease. The Democratic Republic of the Congo had an extremely high risk (23 Borda points), followed by Guinea and Liberia. Countries with a moderate importation risk were Nigeria, Uganda, Congo, Sierra Leone, Mali, and Gabon, while countries with a low importation risk included Sudan, Senegal, and Co

Efficacy and safety of VRD regimen of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma / 中华内科杂志

Objective: To explore the stem cell collection rate and efficacy and safety of patients aged 70 and below with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) treated with the VRD (bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone) regimen followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Methods: Retrospective case series study. The clinical data of 123 patients with newly diagnosed MM from August 1, 2018, to June 30, 2020, at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and Suzhou Hopes Hematology Hospital, who were eligible for VRD regimen sequential ASCT, were collected. The clinical characteristics, efficacy after induction therapy, mobilization regimen of autologous stem cells, autologous stem cell collection rate, and side effects and efficacy of ASCT were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Of the 123 patients, 67 were males. The median patient age was 56 (range: 31-70) years. Patients with IgG, IgA, IgD, and light-chain types accounted for 47.2% (58/123), 23.6% (29/123), 3.2% (4/123), and 26.0% (32/123) of patients, respectively. In addition, 25.2% (31/123) of patients had renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance rate<40 ml/min). Patients with Revised-International Staging System (R-ISS) Ⅲ accounted for 18.2% (22/121) of patients. After induction therapy, the rates of partial response and above, very-good partial response (VGPR) and above, and complete response (CR)+stringent CR were 82.1% (101/123), 75.6% (93/123), and 45.5% (56/123), respectively. Overall, 90.3% (84/93) of patients were mobilized with cyclophosphamide+granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and 8 patients with G-CSF or G-CSF+plerixafor due to creatinine clearance rate<30 ml/min and one of them was mobilized with DECP (cisplatin, etoposide, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone)+G-CSF for progressive disease. The rate of autologous stem cell collection (CD34+cells≥2×106/kg) after four courses of VRD regimen was 89.1% (82/92), and the rate of collection (CD34+cells≥5×106/kg) was 56.5% (52/92). Seventy-seven patients treated with the VRD regimen sequential ASCT. All patients had grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Among the nonhematologic adverse events during ASCT, the highest incidence was observed for gastrointestinal reactions (76.6%, 59/77), followed by oral mucositis (46.8%, 36/77), elevated aminotransferases (44.2%, 34/77), fever (37.7%, 29/77), infection (16.9%, 13/77) and heart-related adverse events (11.7%, 9/77). Among the adverse events, grade 3 adverse events included nausea (6.5%, 5/77), oral mucositis (5.2%, 4/77), vomiting (3.9%, 3/77), infection (2.6%, 2/77), elevated blood pressure after infusion (2.6%, 2/77), elevated alanine transaminase (1.3%, 1/77), and perianal mucositis (1.3%, 1/77); there were no grade 4 or above nonhematologic adverse events. The proportion of patients who achieved VGPR and above after VRD sequential ASCT was 100% (75/75), and the proportion of patients who were minimal residual disease-negative (<10-4 level) was 82.7% (62/75). Conclusion: In patients aged 70 and below with newly diagnosed MM treated with VRD induction therapy, the collection rate of autologous stem cells was good, and good efficacy and tolerability were noted after follow-up ASCT.

[Seasonal dynamics of the physicochemical properties of biological crusts exopolysaccharides and the microbial community structure]. / 生物结皮胞外多糖理化特性及菌群结构的季节动态.

Exopolysaccharides (EPS), an important substance of cyanobacteria in resisting stresses, are the main form of carbon storage in biocrusts and play an important role in material cycling and stability of biocrusts. In this study, the biocrusts in different seasons (January, April, July, October) were collected from Gurbantunggut Desert, and the dynamics of EPS content, composition, morphological characteristics and microbial community structures were analyzed. The results showed that: 1) The excretion of EPS showed obvious seasonal dynamics. The EPS contents in January, April, July and October were 81.72, 52.46, 76.77, 70.54 µg·cm-2, and the chlorophyll a contents were 2.7, 4.94, 4.2 and 5.98 µg·cm-2, respectively. Cyanobacteria allocated more fixed organic carbon to EPS in winter and summer, and more to their own biomass accumulation in spring and autumn. 2) EPS in biocrusts of each season was composed of seven kinds of monosaccharides. The sum of relative mole percentages of glucose and galactose was 46%-56%, much higher than the other five monosaccharides. The monosaccharide compositions of EPS were significantly affected by temperature and precipitation. There was no significant difference in the Fourier infrared spectra of EPS in biocrusts across different seasons. 3) The observation results of atomic force microscope showed that more filamentous and thick rope-like structures occurred in EPS in July and October, while the EPS showed block-like morphology in January and April. 4) The results of 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing showed that Cyanobacteria and Microcoleus were the dominant bacterial phyla and genus in biocrusts in all the four seasons, with significantly higher relative abundance than other bacterial phyla and genera. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly positively correlated with the relative mole percentages of fucose and galactose, indicating that the composition of monosaccharides affected heterotrophic bacteria in crusts. In deserts, environmental factors such as temperature and moisture changed significantly across seasons. The physicochemical properties of biocrust exopolysaccharides and the seasonal dynamics of bacterial communities were controlled by multiple factors, such as temperature, moisture, and light.

Comparison of different pupil dilatation methods for phacoemulsification in eyes with a small pupil.

PURPOSE: To compare 6 methods for intraoperative pupil dilatation in eyes with insufficient pupil size during phacoemulsification. METHODS: This was a prospective case-control study. 99 microcoria cataract patients (120 eyes) were collected and were divided into 6 groups(20 eyes each group), and their pupils were dilated by bimanual stretching pupil (group I), pupil radial cut open(group II), mechanical pupil dilatation with iris-retractor hooks (group III), OASIS iris expander (group IV), and Malyguin-ring (Microsurgical company, America) (group V), B-HEX Pupil Expander (Med Invent Devics, India)(group VI),respectively. 3.0 mm clear corneal incision were used in phacoemulsification. All cases were followed up at 1 week and 1, 3, 6 months after the surgery. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure(IOP), corneal endothelium cell density(ECD), pupil diameter(PD) of before and after surgery were compared. RESULTS: One same doctor finished all cataract surgeries successfully. The eyes' condition before surgery and at 6 months after surgery were compared. There were no significant statistical differences for the conditions of the eyes before surgery among six groups. The ECDs were better at 6 months postoperatively in group III and V, median values: 2114/mm2, 1961/mm2. PD was largest in group II (median value: 5.5 mm), which was significantly larger than other groups (Padjusted < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: All 6 methods used in this study were effective for the mechanical dilatation of small pupils and didn't affect the postoperative visual acuity and intraocular pressure in microcoria cataract phacoemulsification. Iris-retractor hooks and the Malyugin Ring can reduce intraoperative corneal endothelium cell loss. Postoperative PD is larger when the iris was cut open radially.

The association of myopia progression with the morphological changes of optic disc and ß-peripapillary atrophy in primary school students.

PURPOSE: To study the association of myopia progression with the morphological changes of optic disc and ß-peripapillary atrophy (ß-PPA) in 8-11 years old primary school students. METHODS: This study was a prospective, school-based investigation. This study included 610 children (1008 eyes) who were continuously observed and had data available from 2016 to 2017 in the Sanhe Cohort Study of the Risk Factors for Myopia (SCSRFM). The children underwent a comprehensive eye examination including measurement of visual acuity, autorefractometry, and posterior segment of the eye. ß-PPA regions and optic disc ovality index were identified and measured on the fundus photographs. RESULTS: The prevalence of myopia was 72.62% (732/1008) in 2016. In myopic children, the prevalence of the vertical ß-PPA, the horizontal ß-PPA, and the oval optic disc were 75.68% (554/732), 75.96% (556/732) and, 11.61% (85/732) respectively. From 2016 to 2017, with the progression of vertical ß-PPA, horizontal ß-PPA, area of ß-PPA, and optic disc ovality index, the myopic diopter and the axial length (AL) were increased. The progression of horizontal ß-PPA was significantly correlated with the progression of myopic diopter and AL (all p < 0.05). The analysis on the distribution of progression rate of parameters in different groups found that the progression rate of horizontal ß-PPA, area of ß-PPA, and optic disc ovality index increased with the increase of the progression of diopter and AL. The progression of horizontal ß-PPA, area of ß-PPA, optic disc ovality index, and diopter in girls were greater than that in boys, and the progression of optic disc ovality index and diopter had a statistical significance (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The 1-year follow-up study of the third-grade primary school students showed that with the progression of myopia and the growth of AL, ß-PPA and optic disc ovality index also changed. There was a positive correlation between the change of ß-PPA and optic disc ovality index and the progression of myopia diopter and AL.

A clinical retrospective analysis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients with systemic light chain amyloidosis / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment response, and prognosis of newly diagnosed symptomatic multiple myeloma (MM) patients with systemic light chain amyloidosis (AL) . Methods: The clinical data of 160 patients with newly diagnosed MM treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 1, 2017 to October 31, 2018, were retrospectively analyzed. According to the histopathological biopsy results of bone marrow, skin, and other tissues, the patients were divided into two groups according to whether amyloidosis was combined or not, namely, the MM+AL group and the MM group. The clinical characteristics and treatment responses of the two groups were compared. Results: Among the 160 patients with newly diagnosed MM, there were 42 cases in the MM+AL group and 118 cases in the MM group. In terms of clinical features, the involved light chain and non-involved light chain (dFLC) in the MM+AL group was significantly higher than that in the MM group (P=0.039) . After induction treatment, the MM+AL group had a higher overall response rate (85.7%vs 79.7%, P<0.05) and higher excellent partial response (76.2%vs 55.1%, P<0.05) . After a median follow-up of 26 (0.25-41) months, there was no significant difference in the progression free survival and overall survival (OS) between the two groups (P>0.05) . The OS of patients in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation group was better than that in non transplantation group (P<0.05) .The prognosis of patients with cardiac involvement in the MM+AL group was significantly worse than that in the MM group and MM+AL group without cardiac involvement (P<0.001) , with a median OS of only 13 months. Conclusion: The differential diagnosis between the MM+AL and MM groups requires histopathology, particularly for patients with significantly increased dFLC. The overall remission rate of patients in MM+AL group after 4 courses of induction chemotherapy was higher than that in MM group. The prognosis of patients with cardiac involvement in MM+AL group was poor.

Analysis of influence factors and prevalence of macular choroidopathy in middle-aged and elderly patients with high myopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM:To analyze the prevalence and influence factors of macular choroidopathy secondary to high myopia, so as to better understand the development of macular choroidopathy in patients with high myopia.<p>METHODS: The current study carried out a retrospective analysis on highly myopic patients aged 40 and above(2016-01/2019-07). A total of 232 patients(461 eyes)with high myopia were included. The fundus images and OCT results of all patients were evaluated to divide the cases into two main categories, non-choroidopathy 99 patients(255 eyes)and choroidopathy 133 patients(206 eyes), with choroidopathy including choroidal atrophy and choroidal neovascularization. The statistical analysis on the prevalence of different disorders and the multivariate regression between the influence factors were performed.<p>RESULTS: The prevalence of macular choroidopathy was 36.0%(166 eyes), of which, the prevalence of choroidal atrophy was 19.5%(90 eyes), and the prevalence of choroidal neovascularization was 16.5%(76 eyes). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that axial length was the influence factor of choroidal atrophy(P<0.01), age and axial length were the influence factors of choroidal neovascularization(all P<0.01), gender, age and axial length were the influence factors of choroidopathy(all P<0.01).<p>CONCLUSION: Choroidal atrophy and choroidal neovascularization were prone to occur in patients with high myopia, and the prevalence was higher in women. In addition, the prevalence increased with the increase of age and diopter.

Establishment and Application of Visual LAMP Methods for QuickDetection of Vibrio Splendidus in Aquatic Products and Water / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

A visualized, rapid, simple method was developed based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) to detect Vibrio splendidus in aquatic products and aquaculture waters. TakingVibrio splendidus as the research object, and the toxR gene of Vibrio splendidus as the target gene, the boiling method was determined as a fast method suitable for the genomic DNA extraction of Vibriosplendidus. The optimized and screened primers could specifically detect Vibrio splendidus, and the sensitivity of nucleic acid concentration detection could reach 10

CircRNA-32011 regulates apoptosis induced by arsenic trioxide in cardiac myocytes / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of circRNA- 32011 on myocardial apoptosis induced by arsenic triox- ide (ATO).Methods Primary cardioniyocytes of suckling neonate mouse were treated with ATO ( final concentration 10 (xniol • L_1 ) for 24 h.Then cell via¬bility was measured by M IT assay.The mKNA expres¬sion levels of Bel-2/ Bax and circRNA-3201 I were de¬tected by KT-PCK.Bcl-2/Bax protein expression lev¬els were detected by Western blot.Overexpression and knock down circHNA-32011 respectively by plasmid and siHNA were used to verify its function in ATO-in- duced cardiomyocyte apoptosis.Results Myocardial cell viability decreased, Bel-2 expression significantly decreased while Bax expression increased in ATO group compared with the control group.CircKNA- 32011 was down-regulated in ATO ineuhated cardio¬niyocytes.Ovcrex press ion of circRNA-32011 in ATO- incubated cardioniyocytes increased myocardial cell vi¬ability and Bel-2 expression and decreased the expres¬sion of Bax.Knockdown of circRNA-32011 could fur¬ther reduce cardiomyoevte activity and Bel-2 expression and increase the experssion of Bax induced by ATO.Conclusions CircRNA-32011 protects cardiac myo¬cytes from apoptosis induced by arsenic trioxide, which may provide a new potential therapeutic strategy for ATO-induced myocardial injury.

The effect of retaining intact posterior capsule in congenital cataract surgery in children aged 4-8 years.

BACKGROUND: The present study sought to observe the effect of retaining intact posterior capsule in congenital cataract surgery in children aged 4-8 years. METHODS: This is a retrospective case control study. Seventy-seven children (130 eyes) aged from 4 to 8 years who underwent cataract surgery were divided into two groups. In Group A, 50 eyes underwent phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation and posterior capsule capsulotomy combined with anterior vitrectomy. In Group B, 80 eyes underwent cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. The postoperative visual acuity and the rate of complications were compared. RESULTS: In all patients, cataract surgeries were performed evenly without intraoperative complications. The follow-up time ranged from 6 months to 42 months. No apparent visual axis opacity was detected in group A during the follow-up. By the last visit, apparent visual axis opacity was detected in 31 eyes (38.75%) in group B. Among them, 9 eyes (29.03%) with mild posterior capsule opacification (PCO) were treated with Nd:YAG laser, 3 eyes (9.68%) with thick proliferative membranes were treated with posterior capsule capsulotomy combined with anterior vitrectomy and proliferative membranes in 19 eyes (61.29%) were completely aspired and the posterior capsule was retained. During follow-up, only 2 (6.45%) eyes had PCO recurrence and were treated with Nd:YAG laser. The visual acuity was significantly higher than that before surgery in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: For older children, the incidence of PCO will be low even if intact posterior capsule is retained. Either Nd:YAG laser or surgical treatment for PCO will be able to maintain good vision.

NIR-triggered drug delivery system for chemo-photothermal therapy of posterior capsule opacification.

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common complication after cataract surgery and is likely to cause the second loss of vision. Pharmacological PCO prophylaxis has been proved to be effective, yet no clinical option is available due to the lack of a suitable mode of administration. In this work, we propose a unique concept of NIR dual-triggered drug release from black phosphorus (BP)-based implantable intraocular lens (IOL) for controlled drug release and chemo-photothermal combination therapy of PCO. Here, IOL is used as a "reservoir" of doxorubicin-loaded black phosphorus (BP-DOX), and BP is used as NIR activation agent for controlled drug release and photothermal therapy. This BP-DOX integrated IOL, namely BP-DOX@IOL, shows the characteristics of good transmittance, good mechanical property, NIR dual-triggered drug release behaviors, and excellent photothermal efficacy. In vivo studies reveal that there is no PCO occurrence in rabbits' model by using BP-DOX@IOL combined NIR irradiation, which exhibits distinct superiority on inhibiting PCO than the control group (100% PCO occurrence) 28 days post-surgery. This novel IOL drug delivery system would be a promising strategy for the future clinical application for PCO prophylaxis and treatment.

Effect of lens capsular tension ring on preventing capsular contraction syndrome in the surgery of retinitis pigmentosa combined with cataract: Retrospective case series.

PURPOSE: To observe the effect of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with or without lens capsular tension ring (CTR) on retinitis pigmentosa (RP) combined with cataract patients. DESIGN: Retrospective cases series study. METHODS: Sixty-three cases (84 eyes) of RP with cataract were collected, including 30 males and 33 females. Phacoemulsification with 3.0 mm clear corneal incision was performed in all the patients. IOL and CTR implantation were performed in 44 eyes, and IOL implantation alone was performed in 40 eyes. All cases were followed up at 1 day, 1 week and 1, 3, 6,12 months after the surgery to compare the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal endothelial cell count (ECC) and complications before and after the surgery. RESULTS: All surgery were successfully completed by the same physician, and IOL and CTR were all implanted in capsule without complications. The BCVA at 6 months after surgery was 0.91 ± 0.88 LogMAR, showing an improvement compared with the BCVA(1.3 ± 0.7LogMAR) before surgery and there was a statistically significant difference (P = .003). Four cases of capsule contraction syndrome (CCS) occurred in no CTR implantation group and there was no CCS in CTR group. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of CCS between two groups (P = .047). CONCLUSIONS: Phacoemulsification for RP combined with cataract is safe and reliable, and CTR implantation is conducive to reducing the complications caused by capsule contraction.