RESUMO
Dental age estimation is extensively employed in forensic medicine practice. However, the accuracy of conventional methods fails to satisfy the need for precision, particularly when estimating the age of adults. Herein, we propose an approach for age estimation utilizing orthopantomograms (OPGs). We propose a new dental dataset comprising OPGs of 27,957 individuals (16,383 females and 11,574 males), covering an age range from newborn to 93 years. The age annotations were meticulously verified using ID card details. Considering the distinct nature of dental data, we analyzed various neural network components to accurately estimate age, such as optimal network depth, convolution kernel size, multi-branch architecture, and early layer feature reuse. Building upon the exploration of distinctive characteristics, we further employed the widely recognized method to identify models for dental age prediction. Consequently, we discovered two sets of models: one exhibiting superior performance, and the other being lightweight. The proposed approaches, namely AGENet and AGE-SPOS, demonstrated remarkable superiority and effectiveness in our experimental results. The proposed models, AGENet and AGE-SPOS, showed exceptional effectiveness in our experiments. AGENet outperformed other CNN models significantly by achieving outstanding results. Compared to Inception-v4, with the mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.70 and 20.46 B FLOPs, our AGENet reduced the FLOPs by 2.7×. The lightweight model, AGE-SPOS, achieved an MAE of 1.80 years with only 0.95 B FLOPs, surpassing MobileNetV2 by 0.18 years while utilizing fewer computational operations. In summary, we employed an effective DNN searching method for forensic age estimation, and our methodology and findings hold significant implications for age estimation with oral imaging.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical feature and prognosis during hospitalization of pulmonary thromboembolism(PTE) patients with hemoptysis. METHODS: Between January 2010 and January 2015, a total of 220 patients diagnosed with acute PTE were recruited in our study in Beijing Hospital. Baseline characteristics, clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory tests, imaging findings, therapy and hospitalization outcomes(including mortality, and incidences of bleeding events) were collected. All the patients were divided into two groups according to whether hemoptysis occurred. A variety of clinical parameters in clinical features and prognosis were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: Among 220 patients, 16(7.3%) had hemoptysis and 204(92.7%) did not. Hemoptysis group were significantly younger [(59.7±16.6)vs.(67.2±13.6) years, P=0.037] and there were more males(75.0% vs. 44.6%, P=0.034). Compared to patients without hemoptysis, those with hemoptysis had a higher incidence of fever(31.3% vs. 11.3%, P=0.037) and chest pain(50.0% vs. 26.0%; P=0.039). The average diagnosis time of hemoptysis group was(8.91 ± 6.09) days. Patients in the hemoptysis group had a higher proportion of inferior vena cava filter(IVCF)(18.8%vs. 3.4%, P=0.028). There was no significant difference in severity and in-hospital mortality between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The lack of specificity of hemoptysis caused by PTE often leads to misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis. Early diagnosis is helpful to correct treatment and reduce the adverse consequences of improper measures.
